Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Pawel Krukow, Kamil Jonak
Summary: When performing cognitive tasks, people often experience mind wandering, which involves temporary distractions or personal associations that interfere with their stream of consciousness. This study aimed to identify the neural basis for individual differences in mind wandering. The results showed that individuals who tend to mind wander frequently exhibited decreased synchronization within the default mode network, and increased connectivity between task-related networks of different functional specificity. These findings suggest that mind wanderers have atypical organization of resting-state brain activity, which may lead to reduced resources for maintaining attentional control in task-related conditions.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ullas Acharya, Karthik Kulanthaivelu, Rajanikant Panda, Jitender Saini, Arun K. Gupta, Bindu Parayil Sankaran, Kenchaiah Raghavendra, Ravindranath Chowdary Mundlamuri, Sanjib Sinha, Ml Keshavamurthy, Rose Dawn Bharath
Summary: This study evaluated the functional connectivity differences between complex febrile seizures (CFS) and simple febrile seizures (SFS) and found that CFS patients had increased connectivity in the bilateral middle temporal pole and thalami. Network topology analysis also revealed an inefficient-unbalanced network topology in basal ganglia and thalamus of CFS patients. Moreover, the number of seizure recurrences and duration of the longest seizure were correlated with specific brain regions' connectivity.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Saramati Narasimhan, Hernan F. J. Gonzalez, Graham W. Johnson, Kristin E. Wills, Danika L. Paulo, Victoria L. Morgan, Dario J. Englot
Summary: Evaluating fMRI connectivity between mesial temporal structures and default mode network may aid in lateralization of mesial temporal lobe epilepsy, reduce the need for intracranial monitoring, and guide surgical planning.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSURGERY
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Fengmei Fan, Shuping Tan, Junchao Huang, Song Chen, Hongzhen Fan, Zhiren Wang, Chiang-Shan R. Li, Yunlong Tan
Summary: This study found that patients with schizophrenia exhibit deficits in functional connectivity within the default mode network subsystems. These deficits are present in both early-stage and recurrent patients, suggesting that they may be trait-like characteristics. The findings suggest that these connectivity deficits may be useful for early diagnosis, and that dysfunction in the medial temporal lobe may play a crucial role in schizophrenia.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Fengmei Fan, Zhiren Wang, Hongzhen Fan, Jing Shi, Hua Guo, Fude Yang, Shuping Tan, Yunlong Tan
Summary: This study found that patients with bipolar disorder have reduced functional connectivity between the core subsystem and the medial temporal lobe subsystem, especially during depressive episodes. The strength of this connection is negatively correlated with depression symptoms. This study reveals the neuropathological mechanism of bipolar disorder from the perspective of brain functional connectivity.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Yin Wang, Athanasia Metoki, Yunman Xia, Yinyin Zang, Yong He, Ingrid R. Olson
Summary: This study reveals the brain-wide organization and mechanisms of mentalizing processing, showing the detailed connectomic features of the mentalizing network. It demonstrates that mentalizing unfolds across functionally heterogeneous regions with highly structured fiber tracts and unique hierarchical functional architecture, distinguishing it from other brain networks supporting related functions such as autobiographical memory and moral reasoning.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Zirui Huang, George A. A. Mashour, Anthony G. G. Hudetz
Summary: Consciousness is a multidimensional phenomenon, and the dimensions of consciousness are encoded in multiple neurofunctional dimensions of the brain. Disruptions of consciousness are associated with degradation of cortical gradients and network-specific reconfigurations within the cortical gradient space. This study provides a neurofunctional framework for understanding consciousness in both health and disease.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Muhammad Riddha Abdul Rahman, Aini Ismafairus Abd Hamid, Nor Azila Noh, Hazim Omar, Wen Jia Chai, Zamzuri Idris, Asma Hayati Ahmad, Diana Noma Fitzrol, Ab. Rahman Izaini Ghani Ab. Ghani, Wan Nor Azlen Wan Mohamad, Mohamed Faiz Mohamed Mustafar, Muhammad Hafiz Hanafi, Mohamed Faruque Reza, Hafidah Umar, Mohd Faizal Mohd Zulkifly, Song Yee Ang, Zaitun Zakaria, Kamarul Imran Musa, Azizah Othman, Zunaina Embong, Nur Asma Sapiai, Regunath Kandasamy, Haidi Ibrahim, Mohd Zaid Abdullah, Kannapha Amaruchkul, Pedro Valdes-Sosa, Maria Luisa-Bringas, Bharat Biswal, Jitkomut Songsiri, Hamwira Sakti Yaacob, Putra Sumari, Paramjit Singh Jamir Singh, Azlinda Azman, Jafri Malin Abdullah
Summary: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) has long-term debilitating effects on individuals, impacting their recovery and quality of life. This study examines the reorganization of the default mode network (DMN) in individuals with non-severe TBI. Functional disruption in the DMN is established in TBI, but its connection to causal effective connectivity is yet to be explored. Using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), differences in DMN were analyzed between healthy participants and those with mild and moderate TBI. The study found decreased activation in the thalamus and functional hypoconnectivity between DMN and LN in the TBI group. Altered effective connectivities were also observed and linked to diminished activation in specific brain regions. The findings suggest that aberrant activities and functional connectivities within the DMN and with other resting-state networks are associated with impaired cognitive and memory domains in TBI, particularly within the language domain. The results provide important insights for future TBI research.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kun-Hsien Chou, Chen-Yuan Kuo, Chih-Sung Liang, Pei-Lin Lee, Chia-Kuang Tsai, Chia-Lin Tsai, Ming-Hao Huang, Yi-Chih Hsu, Guan-Yu Lin, Yu-Kai Lin, Ching-Po Lin, Fu-Chi Yang
Summary: The study identified specific functional connectivity (FC) alterations of DMN subnetworks in comorbid migraine and insomnia, primarily associated with motor and somatosensory systems, suggesting potential underlying mechanisms of the comorbidity between the two disorders.
Article
Neurosciences
Xiao Chen, Chao-Gan Yan
Summary: This study found that during rumination, the stability of the brain's functional architecture showed similar but slightly different characteristics compared to distraction and resting states. Key regions of the default mode network (DMN), such as the medial prefrontal cortex and bilateral parahippocampal gyrus, exhibited decreased stability, while regions of the frontoparietal control network, such as the inferior parietal lobule and dorsal lateral prefrontal cortex, showed significantly enhanced stability during rumination. Additionally, stability in the medial prefrontal cortex and inferior parietal lobule was related to individual differences in rumination traits.
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Bo Zhou, Xuejiao Dou, Wei Wang, Hongxiang Yao, Feng Feng, Pan Wang, Zhengyi Yang, Ningyu An, Bing Liu, Xi Zhang, Yong Liu
Summary: This study found abnormalities in the connectivity of the default mode network in patients with aMCI and AD, and these abnormalities were correlated with the cognitive abilities of the patients. There was also structural-functional decoupling between certain components of the network.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Loretta Norton, Karnig Kazazian, Teneille Gofton, Derek B. Debicki, Davinia Fernandez-Espejo, Jonathan E. Peelle, Eyad Al Thenayan, G. Bryan Young, Adrian M. Owen
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of functional neuroimaging in assessing cognitive function in acute disorders of consciousness. The results showed that functional neuroimaging could detect preserved auditory function and language comprehension, and even reveal covert conscious awareness in patients. Furthermore, there was a positive relationship between fMRI responsivity and the level of functional recovery.
ANNALS OF NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Antonio Carotenuto, Paola Valsasina, Menno M. Schoonheim, Jeroen J. G. Geurts, Frederik Barkhof, Antonio Gallo, Gioacchino Tedeschi, Silvia Tommasin, Patrizia Pantano, Massimo Filippi, Maria A. Rocca, MAGNIMS Study Grp
Summary: Patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) showed abnormalities in the centrality of functional networks, with reduced centrality in the salience and sensorimotor networks and increased centrality in the default-mode network. These centrality abnormalities were specific to different disease phenotypes and were associated with clinical and cognitive disability. The voxel-wise centrality analysis may reflect the pathologic substrates underlying disability accrual in MS.
Article
Biology
Rui Dai, Zirui Huang, Tony E. Larkin, Vijay Tarnal, Paul Picton, Phillip E. Vlisides, Ellen Janke, Amy Mckinney, Anthony G. Hudetz, Richard E. Harris, George A. Mashour
Summary: Despite the long history of nitrous oxide usage and understanding of its psychological effects, there has been limited research on the neurobiological investigation of associated psychedelic experiences. This study utilized human resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging data to measure the effects of nitrous oxide on the brain's functional geometry and temporal dynamics. The results showed that nitrous oxide reduced functional differentiation in the frontoparietal and somatomotor networks, and the subjective psychedelic experience induced by nitrous oxide was inversely correlated with the degree of functional differentiation.
COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Eric Jacob Bacon, Chaoyang Jin, Dianning He, Shuaishuai Hu, Lanbo Wang, Han Li, Shouliang Qi
Summary: This study used rs-fMRI data to characterize connectivity patterns in drug-resistant epilepsy, revealing significant connectivity changes in the default mode network (DMN) and the dorsal attention network (DAN). The combination of functional and effective connectivity analysis of rs-fMRI can aid in diagnosing epilepsy in the DMN and DAN networks.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Oday Atallah, Amr Badary, Yasser F. Almealawy, Vivek Sanker, Wireko Andrew Awuah, Toufik Abdul-Rahman, Sura N. Alrubaye, Bipin Chaurasia
Summary: This study investigates unexpected deaths resulting from primary brain tumors and analyzes the contributing variables. The findings reveal that unexpected deaths are a complex phenomenon, with headache being the most common initial symptom and meningiomas and astrocytomas being the most common lesions.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCE
(2024)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Alexandra E. Quimby, Mandy K. Salmon, Christopher H. Zhao, John Y. K. Lee, Douglas C. Bigelow, Michael J. Ruckenstein, Jason A. Brant
Summary: The study found that socioeconomic factors including race, health insurance, and income have an impact on the quality of life at the time of vestibular schwannoma diagnosis. Black/African American and uninsured/self-pay patients had lower quality of life, while patients with higher income had higher quality of life.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCE
(2024)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Arosha S. Dissanayake, Kwok M. Ho, Timothy J. Phillips, Stephen Honeybul, Graeme J. Hankey
Summary: This study systematically reviews models that aim to provide patient-specific predictions of pre-treatment rebleeding risk in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. The reported discriminative performance of the models varied, and no model showed consistently low bias risk and clinical applicability in all domains. Only one model was formulated using a patient cohort that underwent contemporary, evidence-based aneurysm treatment practices, but this model lacked calibration or clinical utility.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCE
(2024)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Colin Kok Ann Teo, Yilong Zheng, Jeremy Bingyuan Lin, Hock Luen Teoh, Bernard Poon Lap Chan, Vijay Kumar Sharma, Kejia Teo, Vincent Diong Weng Nga, Tseng Tsai Yeo
Summary: This study retrospectively reviewed the clinical characteristics and outcomes after surgical revascularization for adult Moyamoya disease (MMD) in a Southeast Asian cohort. The incidence of postoperative transient ischemic attack (TIA)/stroke was 25.9%, with most cases occurring within 7 days postoperatively. Risk factors for 30-day postoperative TIA/stroke included a higher number of preoperative TIAs/strokes and indirect revascularization.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCE
(2024)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Cheng-Chi Lee, Abel Po-Hao Huang, Ching-Chang Chen, Zhuo-Hao Liu, Mun-Chun Yeap, Ko-Ting Chen, Peng-Wei Hsu, Kuo-Chen Wei, Chun-Ting Chen, Yu-Chi Wang, Ting-Wei Chang, Chi-Cheng Chuang
Summary: Using a novel portable neuroendoscopic system for minimally invasive evacuation of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) has shown positive outcomes in reducing hematoma volume and improving neurological function without any death or rebleeding incidents.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCE
(2024)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Michael M. Haglund, Bruce M. McCormack, Daniel M. Williams, Alexander C. Lemons, Erik M. Summerside
Summary: This study evaluated the long-term radiographic outcomes of patients receiving tissue-sparing posterior cervical fusion (PCF) for the treatment of pseudarthrosis. The results showed that patients achieved rates of arthrodesis similar to open PCF, with fewer postoperative complications and long-term soft tissue pain.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCE
(2024)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Dong-Dong Meng, Zhe Ruan, Yong-Lan Tang, Zhao-Hua Ji, Yue Su, Tuo Xu, Bo-Zhou Cui, Da-Lin Ren, Ting Chang, Qian Yang
Summary: Depression symptom level, MG severity classification and family's monthly per capita income are independent factors related to the caregivers' disease family burden for MG patients. The daily activity burden of the family and the economic burden of the family were the heaviest among the six dimensions of the caregivers' family disease burdens.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCE
(2024)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Tugba Ozudogru Celik, Umit Gorgulu, Safiye Gul Kenar, Nadide Koca, Elif Yalcin, Ipek Koymen, Evren Yasar
Summary: This study investigated the forward head posture (FHP), thoracic kyphosis, and their relationship in individuals with migraine compared to healthy controls. The results showed that patients with migraine had a greater FHP and thoracic kyphosis. This suggests that a 3-dimensional objective measurement could be a reliable tool for evaluating posture analysis in clinical practice.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCE
(2024)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Jason A. Chen, Ari D. Kappel, Erickson F. Torio, David I. Bass, Abdullah Feroze, Nirav J. Patel
Summary: This report presents a case of a 63-year-old woman with a ruptured giant ICA terminus aneurysm, who underwent coil embolization followed by parent vessel sacrifice and high-flow bypass.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCE
(2024)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Sandeep Kandregula, Sneha Sai Mannam, Shahbaz Saad, Saarang Patel, Visish M. Srinivasan
Summary: A 39-year-old female with a history of smoking and a family predisposition to unruptured aneurysms presented with clinical symptoms of intermittent right-sided headaches, flashes of light, and pulsatile tinnitus. Diagnostic evaluations identified a right occipital arteriovenous malformation (AVM). Treatment involved partial embolization of primary arterial feeders followed by surgical resection, resulting in a successful outcome.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCE
(2024)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Ari D. Kappel, Jason A. Chen, Joshua I. Chalif, David I. Bass, Erickson F. Torio, Abdullah H. Feroze, Nirav J. Patel
Summary: A 48-year-old male with progressive congestive myelopathy underwent surgical clipping to treat a craniocervical DAVF. Intraoperatively, ICG was used to confirm the solitary inflow.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCE
(2024)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Aryeh Zolin, Cenai Zhang, Hwai Ooi, Harini Sarva, Hooman Kamel, Neal S. Parikh
Summary: In people with Parkinson's disease, comorbid liver fibrosis is associated with more rapid cognitive decline across multiple domains.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCE
(2024)