Article
Immunology
Angela Bechini, Andrea Moscadelli, Beatrice Velpini, Benedetta Bonito, Paolo Orlando, Pasqua Putignano, Silvano Posi, Lorenzo Stacchini, Paolo Bonanni, Sara Boccalini
Summary: Vulvar and vaginal cancers, associated with HPV infection, are increasing worldwide. Immunization can be effective in reducing vulvar recurrence after surgical treatment. However, further studies are needed to explore the efficacy of HPV vaccination in preventing vulvovaginal recurrence.
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Line Winther Gustafson, Anne Hammer, Mary Holten Bennetsen, Christina Blach Kristensen, Huda Majeed, Lone Kjeld Petersen, Berit Andersen, Pinar Bor
Summary: The detection of CIN2+ in women aged >= 45 years with TZ3 is underestimated if relying on biopsy results alone. To reduce the risk of underdiagnosis and overtreatment, future studies should explore the use of new biomarkers for risk stratification.
BJOG-AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNAECOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Ali Can Gunes, Nejat Ozgul, Murat Turkyilmaz, Fatih Kara, Fahriye Unlu, Ali Ayhan, Murat Gultekin
Summary: The study evaluated colposcopy performance in the HPV DNA screening program in Turkey and found high rates of unnecessary colposcopies, as well as a high percentage of multiple and random punch biopsies and endocervical curettage (ECC).
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Neal M. Lonky, Lanfang Xu, Diane M. Da Silva, Juan C. Felix, Chun Chao
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the risk of high-grade cervical lesion diagnosed through colposcopy in women with human papillomavirus vaccination compared to women without vaccination. The results showed that vaccination history did not significantly lower the odds of a cervical intraepithelial neoplasm grade 2+ diagnosis.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Virology
Parvin Jalali-Alhosseini, Zabihollah Shoja, Rahim Soleimani-Jelodar, Hadi Shokrallahnia-Roshan, Somayeh Jalilvand
Summary: The study revealed that lineage B of HPV 56 was predominant in Iran, accounting for 88.4% of the samples, while lineage A accounted for 11.6%. No significant differences were found among the three studied groups in terms of cervical pathological stages. Further research with a larger sample size is needed to assess the pathogenic risk of HPV 56 lineages/sublineages in the progression of cervical cancer among Iranian women.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Dong Hyeok Kim, Hyunwoo Jin, Kyung Eun Lee
Summary: This study aimed to provide basic data on using urine samples for non-invasive cervical cancer screening. The results showed a high concordance of 93.3% between urine samples and cervical swabs, with a higher HPV infection rate in urine samples among young women. Therefore, urine samples are considered a valuable screening method for preventing cervical cancer.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
(2022)
Editorial Material
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Line W. Gustafson, Lone Kjeld Petersen, Pinar Bor, Berit Andersen, Anne Hammer
Summary: Despite significant declines in cervical cancer incidence and mortality rates due to screening, older women continue to experience high rates of cervical cancer, the reasons for which remain unclear. Age-related changes to the cervix can impair the sensitivity of screening and effectiveness of colposcopy in older women.
ACTA OBSTETRICIA ET GYNECOLOGICA SCANDINAVICA
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Leonardo I. Green, Christopher S. Mathews, Jo Waller, Henry Kitchener, Matejka Rebolj
Summary: The study found that while there were differences in attendance based on deprivation and age groups, the overall attendance at early recall and colposcopy was reassuringly high. Women from more deprived areas and older age groups were more likely to attend early recall and colposcopy screenings.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Claudia Robles, Laia Bruni, Amelia Acera, Joan Carles Riera, Laia Prats, Mario Poljak, Jana Mlakar, Anja Ostrbenk Valencak, Tiina Eriksson, Matti Lehtinen, Karolina Louvanto, Maria Hortlund, Joakim Dillner, Mette T. Faber, Christian Munk, Susanne K. Kjaer, Karl Ulrich Petry, Agnieszka Denecke, Lan Xu, Marc Arbyn, Louise Cadman, Jack Cuzick, Veronique Dalstein, Christine Clavel, Silvia de Sanjose, F. Xavier Bosch
Summary: The study found that acceptance and completion of the human papillomavirus vaccination program in adult women largely depended on recruitment method, national vaccination program coverage, and personal relationship status. Knowledge of the benefits and safety of the vaccine may be crucial in expanding the target age for vaccination.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Virology
Neda Hosseini, Zabihollah Shoja, Sarang Younesi, Nazanin-Zahra Shafiei-Jandaghi, Somayeh Jalilvand
Summary: The study found that lineage A of HPV 31 was predominant in Iran, while lineage B of HPV 45 was also dominant among Iranian women. Further research with larger sample sizes is needed to evaluate the pathogenicity risk of HPV 31 or HPV 45 lineages/sublineages in the development of cervical cancer among Iranian women.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Rianne van den Helder, Renske D. M. Steenbergen, Annina P. van Splunter, Constantijne H. Mom, Ming Y. Tjiong, Ivonne Martin, Fleur M. F. Rosier-van Dunne, Irene A. M. van der Avoort, Maaike C. G. Bleeker, Nienke E. van Trommel
Summary: Detection of hrHPV DNA and DNA methylation in urine offers a promising solution for the detection of cervical cancer and CIN2/3 lesions, especially for women who are currently not reached by conventional screening methods.
CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Virology
Neda Hosseini, Zabihollah Shoja, Arash Arashkia, Amir-Hossein Khodadadi, Somayeh Jalilvand
Summary: The study aimed to investigate the sequence variations of E6 gene and long control region of HPV 39 among normal, premalignant, and malignant cervical samples in Tehran, Iran. The results showed that the dominant lineage of HPV 39 in Tehran is lineage A, sublineage A1, with a small percentage belonging to A2 sublineage. However, the study's main limitation is the small sample size, and further research with larger samples from different regions of Iran is necessary to estimate the pathogenicity risk of HPV 39 variants in this population.
Article
Virology
Teboho Amelia Tiiti, Tebogo Loraine Mashishi, Varsetile Varster Nkwinika, Ina Benoy, Selokela Gloria Selabe, Johannes Bogers, Ramokone Lisbeth Lebelo
Summary: This study in South Africa compared the positivity of HPV in healthcare worker-collected and self-collected samples, finding high concordance in HPV DNA detection between the two methods but differences in HPV mRNA detection. The study suggests that self-sampling using an applicator tampon may be considered as a primary screening tool for cervical cancer prevention.
Article
Virology
Yunfeng Fu, Ying Li, Xiao Li, Xinyu Wang, Weiguo Lu
Summary: To assess the effectiveness of DH3-human papillomavirus (HPV) partial genotyping for risk stratification in cervical cancer screening, a retrospective cohort study was conducted with 7263 Chinese women aged 21-71 years. DH3-HPV and Hybrid Capture 2 (HC2) tests were performed on baseline cytological samples after a 3-year follow-up. The results showed that DH3-HPV and HC2 provided similar risk estimates across different cytological results. Partial genotyping of DH3-HPV performed well in stratifying the risk of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia, with higher risks observed for HPV16/18 compared to other high-risk HPV types. Women with an HPV-negative result had significantly lower cumulative risks of developing CIN3+ or CIN2+ compared to those with normal cytology. These findings suggest that DH3-HPV partial genotyping can effectively balance the benefits and harms of cervical cancer screening.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Virology
Xiaoyun Wang, Sufang Wu, Yanli Li
Summary: The study revealed a high prevalence of non-16/18 high-risk HPV infections in cervical abnormalities, with single infections posing greater risks. The omission rate of TCT in non-16/18 HPV infections was notably high, suggesting the importance of colposcopy biopsy for accurate diagnosis in these patients.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Boshen Jiao, Roman Gulati, Hormuzd A. Katki, Philip E. Castle, Ruth Etzioni
Summary: The effectiveness of multi-cancer testing depends on specificity and sensitivity, with higher prevalence and mortality cancers being more favorable in reducing unnecessary confirmation tests. The benefits and risks of the test depend on the characteristics of the diseases and the effectiveness of treatments.
CANCER EPIDEMIOLOGY BIOMARKERS & PREVENTION
(2022)
Letter
Immunology
Philip E. Castle
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Philip E. Castle, Walter K. Kinney, Lu Chen, Jane J. Kim, Steven Jenison, Giovanna Rossi, Huining Kang, Jack Cuzick, Cosette M. Wheeler
Summary: In 2019, only 12.7% of women aged 30-64 underwent cotesting and 27.7% underwent cytology at the recommended interval. The observed under- and overscreening could result in increases in cervical cancer incidence and harms and costs, respectively.
JNCI-JOURNAL OF THE NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Julia C. Gage, Tina Raine-Bennett, Mark Schiffman, Megan A. Clarke, Li C. Cheung, Nancy E. Poitras, Nicole E. Varnado, Hormuzd A. Katki, Philip E. Castle, Brian Befano, Malini Chandra, Greg Rydzak, Thomas Lorey, Nicolas Wentzensen
Summary: This study aims to assess the effectiveness of different screening and triage strategies to identify individuals at highest risk for cervical cancer progression. The data from the IRIS study provides robust evidence for cervical cancer screening, management, and posttreatment follow-up, and also offers opportunities for biomarker research associated with other gynecologic cancers.
CANCER EPIDEMIOLOGY BIOMARKERS & PREVENTION
(2022)
Letter
Oncology
Philip E. Castle, Nicolas Wentzensen
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Philip E. Castle, Brian Befano, Mark Schiffman, Nicolas Wentzensen, Thomas Lorey, Nancy Poitras, Marianne Hyer, Li C. Cheung
Summary: This study compared the risks of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2 (CIN2) or more severe diagnoses (CIN2+) between women living with HIV (WLWH) and women not known to have HIV (HIV[-]) following cervical cancer screening. WLWH were more likely to test HPV positive and have abnormal cytology compared to HIV[-] women. The results suggest that both populations could be managed similarly once the screening results are known.
PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Gad Murenzi, Fabienne Shumbusho, Natasha Hansen, Athanase Munyaneza, Julia C. Gage, Benjamin Muhoza, Faustin Kanyabwisha, Amanda Pierz, Patrick Tuyisenge, Kathryn Anastos, Philip E. Castle
Summary: This study aims to compare the effectiveness of prophylactic HPV vaccines in women living with HIV. The study will compare different groups, including those who received the vaccine and those who did not, and analyze various outcomes such as infection rates and immune response.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Anthere Murangwa, Kanan T. Desai, Julia C. Gage, Gad Murenzi, Patrick Tuyisenge, Faustin Kanyabwisha, Aimable Musafili, Gallican Kubwimana, Leon Mutesa, Kathryn Anastos, Hae-Young Kim', Philip E. Castle
Summary: This study analyzed the agreement between the established Xpert HPV assay and the novel AmpFire HPV genotyping assay for detection of high-risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV). The results showed good to excellent agreement between the two tests when testing hrHPV types among women living with HIV. The AmpFire assay was more likely to detect additional HPV16 infections.
AFRICAN JOURNAL OF LABORATORY MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Camryn M. Cohen, Nicolas Wentzensen, Philip E. Castle, Mark Schiffman, Rosemary Zuna, Rebecca C. Arend, Megan A. Clarke
Summary: This study conducted an integrated population-based analysis on histologic subtype-specific cervical cancer incidence, survival, and incidence-based mortality among different races and ethnicities. The results showed that Black and Hispanic women had the highest incidence rates of cervical squamous cell carcinoma, while Hispanic and White women had the highest incidence rates of cervical adenocarcinoma. Black women had the highest overall mortality rates and lowest 5-year relative survival.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Editorial Material
Oncology
Lori M. Minasian, Paul Pinsky, Hormuzd A. Katki, Tony Dickherber, Paul K. J. Han, Lyndsay Harris, Christos Patriotis, Sudhir Srivastava, Carol J. Weil, Philip C. Prorok, Philip E. Castle
Summary: This article introduces a blood-based assay for multicancer early detection and highlights the need for a randomized controlled trial (RCT) to determine its clinical effectiveness. Screening for multiple cancers simultaneously presents new challenges, including diagnostic workup, follow-up, potential harms, dissemination strategies, and ethical implications. The development of a flexibly designed RCT is necessary to fully understand the benefits and risks of this promising technology.
JNCI-JOURNAL OF THE NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE
(2023)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Chelsey A. Smith, Megan M. Chang, Kathryn A. Kundrod, Emilie N. Novak, Sonia G. Parra, Leticia Lopez, Celda Mavume, Cesaltina Lorenzoni, Mauricio Maza, Mila P. Salcedo, Jennifer L. Carns, Ellen Baker, Jane Montealegre, Michael Scheurer, Philip E. Castle, Kathleen M. Schmeler, Rebecca R. Richards-Kortum
Summary: This study developed a low-cost and point-of-care cervical cancer screening test using a two-dimensional paper network. The test can detect high-risk HPV DNA within an hour, overcoming the limitations of expensive and complicated laboratory-based tests. Its performance was evaluated in both controlled laboratory settings and field settings, showing promise for use in low-resource settings.
Article
Virology
Louiza S. Veientzis, David Hawkes, Michael Caruanaa, Julia ML. Brotherton, Megan A. Smith, Lara Roeske, Khurram A. Karim, Suzanne M. Garland, C. David Wrede, Jeffery Tan, Cosette Wheeler, Philip E. Castle, Marion Saville, Karen Canfell
Summary: Australia's cervical screening program transitioned to HPV testing in December 2017 and we investigated the impact of the HPV vaccination program on HPV16/18 prevalence. The results showed a significant reduction in HPV16/18 prevalence after vaccination compared to pre-vaccination levels.
TUMOUR VIRUS RESEARCH
(2023)
Editorial Material
Oncology
Marc Arbyn, Stefanie Costa, Ardashel Latsuzbaia, Eliane Kellen, Paolo Girogi Rossi, Clementina E. Cocuzza, Partha Basu, Philip E. Castle
Summary: In 2017, cervical cancer screening in the Netherlands was switched to HPV testing using cobas 4800. Women were provided with a self-sampling kit for free and could collect samples at home. Initially, only 7% of tests were done through self-sampling, but with improved promotion and accessibility, the proportion increased to 16% in 2020. Self-sampling showed lower HPV positivity and detection rate of precancer compared to clinician sampling, suggesting a need for optimization in handling and testing protocols.
CANCER EPIDEMIOLOGY BIOMARKERS & PREVENTION
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Jack Cuzick, Rachael Adcock, Walter E. Kinney, Philip E. Castle, Michael M. Robertson, Ruth M. H. McDonald, Mark H. Stoler, Ruofei M. Du, Cosette M. Wheeler
Summary: HPV testing increases the diagnosis of precancer and reduces the incidence of cervical cancer more than cytology alone. A real-world evidence study conducted in New Mexico showed that adding HPV testing to cytology substantially increased the detection of CIN2+ and CIN3+ cases, supporting primary HPV-only screening in the United States.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2023)
Editorial Material
Oncology
Philip E. Castle
JNCI-JOURNAL OF THE NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE
(2023)