Article
Infectious Diseases
Sean Lee, Neha Nanda, Kenichiro Yamaguchi, Yelim Lee, Rosemary C. She
Summary: This study investigated the validity of using toxin B PCR cycle threshold (tcdB C-t) as a rapid and accurate method for detecting Clostridioides difficile toxin. The findings suggest that very low C-t values may have limited value in predicting positive toxin status using the cell cytotoxin neutralization assay (CCNA). Additional data are needed to support the use of C-t values in clinical laboratory reporting.
Article
Microbiology
Ching-Chi Lee, Jen-Chieh Lee, Chun-Wei Chiu, Pei-Jane Tsai, Wen-Chien Ko, Yuan-Pin Hung
Summary: The importance of detecting toxins or toxin genes when diagnosing Clostridioides difficile infections (CDIs) or predicting the severity and outcomes of CDI has been emphasized. Although the usefulness of stool cultures in CDI diagnoses is limited, the absence of C. difficile growth in stool may predict successful CDI therapy.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Carolina Albuquerque, Davide Pagnossin, Kirsten Landsgaard, Jessica Simpson, Derek Brown, June Irvine, Denise Candlish, Alison E. Ridyard, Gillian Douce, Caroline Millins
Summary: The study indicates that canine carriage of Clostridioides difficile is 18.7%, with 34% of strains being toxigenic. Previous antibiotic treatment is significantly associated with carriage, but toxigenic strains do not correlate with diarrhoeal disease in dogs.
Article
Microbiology
Raymond Kiu, Alexander G. Shaw, Kathleen Sim, Antia Acuna-Gonzalez, Christopher A. Price, Harley Bedwell, Sally A. Dreger, Wesley J. Fowler, Emma Cornwell, Derek Pickard, Gusztav Belteki, Jennifer Malsom, Sarah Phillips, Gregory R. Young, Zoe Schofield, Cristina Alcon-Giner, Janet E. Berrington, Christopher J. Stewart, Gordon Dougan, Paul Clarke, Gillian Douce, Stephen D. Robinson, J. Simon Kroll, Lindsay J. Hall
Summary: Genomic and phenotypic analyses of 272 infant-associated Clostridium perfringens isolates suggest that pfoA is an important toxin gene in C. perfringens linked with preterm infant intestinal diseases. The gene encoding toxin perfringolysin O, pfoA, was largely deficient in a human-derived hypovirulent lineage, as well as certain colonization factors, in contrast to typical pfoA-encoding virulent lineages. These findings suggest both the importance of pfoA(+)C. perfringens as a gut pathogen in preterm infants and areas for further investigation, including potential intervention and therapeutic strategies.
NATURE MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Bilal Ahmed Abbasi, Aishwarya Dharan, Astha Mishra, Devansh Saraf, Irsad Ahamad, Prashanth Suravajhala, Jayaraman Valadi
Summary: In this study, the genomes of six strains of Clostridium difficile were annotated and characterized using in silico approaches. The functional properties of proteins involved in the pathophysiology of the disease were identified, providing valuable information for understanding the biological nature of the strains and developing pharmaceutical targets.
FRONTIERS IN GENETICS
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Cheon-Hoo Jeon, Si-Ho Kim, Yu Mi Wi
Summary: This study investigated the prevalence and clinical characteristics of non-toxigenic Clostridioides difficile (NTCD) in diarrhoea patients. The results showed that a considerable portion of diarrhoea patients had NTCD strains, and community-onset diarrhoea, underlying diabetes, previous use of glycopeptides, and the lack of use of proton pump inhibitors were associated with NTCD strains.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Laila Darwich, Chiara Seminati, Jorge R. Lopez-Olvera, Anna Vidal, Laia Aguirre, Marina Cerda, Biel Garcias, Marta Valldeperes, Raquel Castillo-Contreras, Lourdes Migura-Garcia, Carles Conejero, Gregorio Mentaberre
Summary: This study in the Metropolitan Area of Barcelona, Spain found Escherichia coli carrying antimicrobial resistance genes and toxigenic Clostridioides difficile in wild boars, highlighting their role as sentinels of environmental antimicrobial-resistant bacteria sources, especially in urban areas. Wild boars foraging in urban and peri-urban locations were more exposed to antimicrobial-resistant bacteria sources compared to those in natural environments. Further efforts are needed to identify and control potential anthropogenic sources of antimicrobial resistance.
Article
Medical Laboratory Technology
Daniel Castaneda-Mogollon, Cody P. Doolan, Noah B. Toppings, Ranmalee Amarasekara, Thuy-Ann Tran, Dylan R. Pillai
Summary: This study aims to determine the relationship between clinical factors and the stool bacteriome of CDI-positive patients and CDI-negative patients with diarrheal symptoms. The results showed that the stool bacteriome differed significantly by severity assessment regardless of CDI status. Clinical severity of CDI significantly influenced the stool microbiome of infected patients.
ARCHIVES OF PATHOLOGY & LABORATORY MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Tahmineh Jalali, Mostafa Salehi-Vaziri, Mohammad Hassan Pouriayevali, Seyed Latif Mousavi Gargari
Summary: Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever is an acute viral zoonotic disease that requires rapid diagnosis for effective patient management. Aptamers, specifically Apt33, have been successfully used in ELASA tests to detect CCHF NP with high specificity and sensitivity, showing potential as a rapid diagnostic tool for CCHF virus infection.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Jen-Chieh Lee, Yuan -Pin Hung, Bo -Yang Tsai, Pei -Jane Tsai, Wen -Chien Ko
Summary: Severe CDIs in the ICU were not rare in this study. The ileus group tended to have more severe presentation, with severe and fulminant CDIs accounting for 65.2% and an ICU mortality rate of 39.1%. Clinicians should be aware of abdominal symptoms and signs other than diarrhea, such as ileus, for timely diagnosis and management of CDI.
JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY IMMUNOLOGY AND INFECTION
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Shuwen Qian, Dingran Chang, Jimmy Gu, Bruno J. Salena, Yingfu Li
Summary: Clostridium difficile is a common bacteria that causes an infectious disease, and there is a need for rapid diagnostic tests. Researchers have developed a RNA-cleaving fluorogenic DNAzyme probe, RFD-CD2, which can detect different pathogenic strains of C. difficile with high specificity. RFD-CD2 can detect C. difficile at a concentration as low as 100 CFU/mL, making it an attractive molecular probe for rapid diagnosis of CDI.
CHEMISTRY-A EUROPEAN JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Bilal Djeghout, Samuel J. Bloomfield, Steven Rudder, Ngozi Elumogo, Alison E. Mather, John Wain, Nicol Janecko
Summary: This study investigated the genomic diversity of Campylobacter jejuni within individual stool specimens from four campylobacteriosis patients. The findings show that the C. jejuni population recovered from an individual patient's stool are genetically diverse even within the same sequence type, indicating that patients were likely infected with a heterogeneous C. jejuni population. The diversity of the C. jejuni population found within individual stool specimens can inform future methodological approaches to attribution and outbreak investigations.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Ki-Byung Lee, Mina Lee, Jin Woong Suh, Kyung-Sook Yang, Youseung Chung, Jeong Yeon Kim, Sun Bean Kim, Jang Wook Sohn, Young Kyung Yoon
Summary: This study aimed to develop and validate a clinical prediction rule to screen older patients at risk of being toxigenic Clostridioides difficile carriers at the time of hospital admission. The prediction rule was derived from a cohort of patients and was evaluated in a separate validation cohort. The rule includes factors such as septic shock, connective tissue diseases, anemia, recent use of antibiotics, and recent use of proton-pump inhibitors.
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Yasuka Hara, Kiwamu Nakamura, Daiki Tanno, Masahiro Toyokawa, Hiroko Suzuki, Kazutaka Ohashi, Rie Harada, Tomoo Hidaka, Takashi Nagano, Kuniaki Torii, Keiji Kanemitsu
Summary: We evaluated the accuracy of quenching probe-polymerase chain reaction (QP-PCR) for detecting Clostridioides difficile toxin B gene (tcdB) in stools from suspected C. difficile infection patients and compared it with other nucleic acid amplification tests (NAATs). Toxigenic culture results were used as a reference. QP-PCR showed comparable diagnostic accuracy with other NAATs and enabled detection of tcdB in specimens deemed negative without bead-beating. Overall, QP-PCR, with or without bead-beating, was effective in detecting tcdB in stool specimens.
JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGICAL METHODS
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Farhan Anwar, Marielle Clark, Jason Lindsey, Rachel Claus-Walker, Asad Mansoor, Evy Nguyen, Justin Billy, William Lainhart, Kareem Shehab, V. K. Viswanathan, Gayatri Vedantam
Summary: This study highlights the dominance of Toxin EIA-negative CDI specimens in a clinical setting and the high frequency of known virulent ribotypes in these specimens. Therefore, a careful reevaluation of the clinical relevance of diagnostically-discrepant specimens particularly in the context of missed CDI diagnoses and C. difficile persistence, is warranted.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Pathology
Blake W. Buchan, Katherine M. Riebe, Markus Timke, Markus Kostrzewa, Nathan A. Ledeboer
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY
(2014)
Review
Microbiology
Blake W. Buchan, Nathan A. Ledeboer
CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY REVIEWS
(2014)
Article
Immunology
Tyler K. Ulland, Ann M. Janowski, Blake W. Buchan, Matthew Faron, Suzanne L. Cassel, Bradley D. Jones, Fayyaz S. Sutterwala
INFECTION AND IMMUNITY
(2013)
Article
Microbiology
Neil W. Anderson, Blake W. Buchan, Katherine M. Riebe, Lauren N. Parsons, Stacy Gnacinski, Nathan A. Ledeboer
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY
(2012)
Article
Microbiology
Blake W. Buchan, Katherine M. Riebe, Nathan A. Ledeboer
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY
(2012)
Article
Microbiology
Blake W. Buchan, Wendy J. Olson, Michael Pezewski, Mario J. Marcon, Thomas Novicki, Timothy S. Uphoff, Lakshmi Chandramohan, Paula Revell, Nathan A. Ledeboer
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY
(2013)
Article
Microbiology
Neil W. Anderson, Blake W. Buchan, Carol L. Young, Duane W. Newton, Connie Brenke, Linda Lapsley, Paul A. Granato, Nathan A. Ledeboer
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY
(2013)
Article
Microbiology
Neil W. Anderson, Blake W. Buchan, Donna Mayne, Joel E. Mortensen, Tami-Lea A. Mackey, Nathan A. Ledeboer
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY
(2013)
Article
Microbiology
Karen C. Carroll, Blake W. Buchan, Sokha Tan, Paul D. Stamper, Katherine M. Riebe, Preeti Pancholi, Cheryl Kelly, Arundhati Rao, Robert Fader, Robert Cavagnolo, Wendy Watson, Richard V. Goering, Ernest A. Trevino, Alice S. Weissfeld, Nathan A. Ledeboer
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY
(2013)
Review
Microbiology
Blake W. Buchan, Nathan A. Ledeboer
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY
(2013)
Review
Microbiology
Neil W. Anderson, Blake W. Buchan, Nathan A. Ledeboer
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY
(2014)
Article
Microbiology
Blake W. Buchan, Wendy J. Olson, Tami-Lea A. Mackey, Nathan A. Ledeboer
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY
(2014)
Article
Microbiology
Eric T. Beck, Blake W. Buchan, Katherine M. Riebe, Brenda R. Alkins, Preeti Pancholi, Paul A. Granato, Nathan A. Ledeboer
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY
(2014)
Article
Microbiology
Neil W. Anderson, Blake W. Buchan, Nathan A. Ledeboer
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY
(2014)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Blake W. Buchan, Christine C. Ginocchio, Ryhana Manii, Robert Cavagnolo, Preeti Pancholi, Lettie Swyers, Richard B. Thomson, Christopher Anderson, Karen Kaul, Nathan A. Ledeboer