Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Ignatios Ikonomidis, George Pavlidis, Nikolaos Kadoglou, George Makavos, Konstantinos Katogiannis, Aikaterini Kountouri, John Thymis, Gavriella Kostelli, Irini Kapniari, Konstantinos Theodoropoulos, John Parissis, Pelagia Katsimbri, Evangelia Papadavid, Vaia Lambadiari
Summary: The phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitor apremilast has significant effects on endothelial glycocalyx, vascular, and myocardial function in the treatment of psoriasis. It restores glycocalyx integrity and confers greater improvement in vascular and myocardial function compared to anti-tumor necrosis factor-alpha or cyclosporine.
Article
Physiology
Hannah Oakland, Phillip Joseph, Robert Naeije, Ahmed Elassal, Marjorie Cullinan, Paul M. Heerdt, Inderjit Singh
Summary: This study demonstrates that Z(c) and wave reflection coefficient lambda can be derived from RV pressure waveform analysis to improve estimation of RV afterload. Lambda is the only afterload measure associated with RV-PA uncoupling in PAH, while RV-PA uncoupling in PH-HFpEF appears to be independent of afterload. Pulmonary vascular impedance (PVZ) provides a comprehensive measurement of right ventricle (RV) afterload.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biophysics
Ryan Pewowaruk, David Rutkowski, Cody Johnson, Amanda Wolfinger, Alejandro Roldan-Alzate
Summary: This study found differences in cardiac flow between men and women, but ventricular and aortic flow coupling were similar between sexes. Dimensional analysis helped explain the sex differences in cardiac flow.
JOURNAL OF BIOMECHANICS
(2021)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Julian C. Dunkley, Camila I. Irion, Keyvan Yousefi, Serene A. Shehadeh, Guerline Lambert, Krista John-Williams, Keith A. Webster, Jeffrey J. Goldberger, Lina A. Shehadeh
Summary: In a mouse model of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), exercise and carvedilol synergistically improved systolic function without affecting diastole. Carvedilol alone or in combination with exercise also improved kidney function. The observed improvements in cardiorenal functions were mediated at least in part by effects on serum osteopontin and related inflammatory cytokine cascades, presenting new potential therapeutic targets and approaches for HFpEF.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-HEART AND CIRCULATORY PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Editorial Material
Urology & Nephrology
Raad Chowdhury, Manisha Jhamb
Summary: The study found that a 6-month intradialytic cycling program led to a significant reduction in left ventricular mass in hemodialysis patients, but did not have a significant effect on physical function, physical activity, or health-related quality of life.
KIDNEY INTERNATIONAL
(2021)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Deepak Acharya, Toshinobu Kazui, Dina Al Rameni, Tushar Acharya, Edward Betterton, Elizabeth Juneman, Renzo Loyaga-Rendon, Kapildeo Lotun, Ranjith Shetty, Arka Chatterjee
Summary: Aortic valve disorders, including pre-existing and de novo aortic insufficiency, can lead to worsened LVAD effectiveness and heart failure symptoms. Severe AI is associated with poor outcomes in LVAD patients. Diagnosis of AI requires echocardiographic, device assessment, and/or catheterization studies, as standard echocardiographic criteria are insufficient. Management includes repair or replacement of the aortic valve at the time of LVAD implantation for pre-existing AI, while de novo AI on LVAD support poses challenges and may require repeat surgical intervention or percutaneous techniques.
FRONTIERS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Yuriko Yoshida, Koki Nakanishi, Masao Daimon, Kazutoshi Hirose, Jumpei Ishiwata, Hidehiro Kaneko, Tomoko Nakao, Yoshiko Mizuno, Hiroyuki Morita, Marco R. Di Tullio, Shunichi Homma, Issei Komuro
Summary: Aortic valve sclerosis (AVS) is associated with cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, independent of left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy. This study examined the prevalence of AVS and its association with subclinical LV systolic and diastolic dysfunction in individuals with normal LV geometry free of cardiovascular disease.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE CARDIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Aleksandra Budkiewicz, Michal A. Surdacki, Aleksandra Gamrat, Katarzyna Trojanowicz, Andrzej Surdacki, Bernadeta Chyrchel
Summary: Although traditional ECG-LVH criteria have some association with echocardiographic LVH, they show distinct relationships with stenosis severity in aortic stenosis. Among these criteria, the Cornell voltage criterion has a moderate diagnostic superiority in identifying anatomic LVH.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Steele C. Butcher, Stephan M. Pio, William K. F. Kong, Gurpreet K. Singh, Arnold C. T. Ng, Rebecca Perry, Ching-Hui Sia, Kian Keong Poh, Ana G. Almeida, Ariana Gonzalez, Mylene Shen, Tiong Cheng Yeo, Miriam Shanks, Bogdan A. Popescu, Laura Galian Gay, Marcin Fijalkowski, Michael Liang, Edgar Tay, Nina Ajmone Marsan, Joseph Selvanayagam, Fausto Pinto, Jose L. Zamorano, Philippe Pibarot, Arturo Evangelista, Jeroen J. Bax, Victoria Delgado
Summary: The study found that LV hypertrophy or remodelling were independently associated with the composite endpoint of AV repair/replacement and all-cause mortality for patients with isolated AS and isolated AR, although not for patients with MAVD.
EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL-CARDIOVASCULAR IMAGING
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Jin Kyung Oh, Sun Hack Lee, Seung-Ah Lee, Do-Yoon Kang, Sahmin Lee, Ho Jin Kim, Jung-Min Ahn, Joon Bum Kim, Duk-Woo Park, Jong-Min Song, Suk Jung Choo, Duk-Hyun Kang, Jae-Kwan Song, Seung-Jung Park, Dae-Hee Kim
Summary: The degree of LVMi regression is an independent predictor of postoperative outcomes after TAVR in patients with severe AS who received successful TAVR without significant PVR.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Jan Stassen, Gurpreet K. Singh, Stephan M. Pio, Suren Chimed, Steele C. Butcher, Kensuke Hirasawa, Nina Ajmone Marsan, Jeroen J. Bax
Summary: This study investigated the prognostic value of LV global longitudinal strain (GLS) in patients with moderate AS and reduced LV systolic dysfunction. The results showed that patients with LVGLS <11% had higher 1-year and 5-year mortality rates compared to patients with LVGLS >= 11%. LVGLS was independently associated with outcomes, while LVEF was not. Therefore, LVGLS has independent prognostic value in patients with moderate AS and reduced LV systolic dysfunction.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Ignas B. Houben, Angel K. Y. Chu, Bo Yang, Karen M. Kim, Shinichi Fukuhara, Joost A. van Herwaarden, Frans L. Moll, David A. Nordsletten, C. Alberto Figueroa, Nicholas S. Burris, Himanshu J. Patel
Summary: Proximal aortic repair with stiff polyester grafts may lead to increased left ventricular mass in the first year post-operative, promoting long-term adverse cardiac remodeling. Surgery, baseline LVMI, age, and sex were identified as independent predictors of increased LVMI.
FRONTIERS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Luna Cavigli, Gian Luca Ragazzoni, Laura Quer, Nicola Cangiano, Alfonso Santoro, Veronica Ferasin, Giulia Elena Mandoli, Maria Concetta Pastore, Giovanni Benfari, Flavio Luciano Ribichini, Marta Focardi, Serafina Valente, Matteo Cameli, Flavio D'Ascenzi
Summary: This study reported the ratio between aortic root diameter and left ventricular diameter in a cohort of healthy athletes, providing additional parameters to confirm the harmonic remodelling in the athlete's heart.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Adil Wani, Daniel R. Harland, Tanvir K. Bajwa, Stacie Kroboth, Khawaja Afzal Ammar, Suhail Q. Allaqaband, Sue Duval, Bijoy K. Khandheria, A. Jamil Tajik, Renuka Jain
Summary: By analyzing patients with different subtypes of severe AS after TAVR, it was found that myocardial mechanics improved post-TAVR and the recovery of GLS was associated with a survival benefit. Patients with low-flow AS showed significant improvement in GLS post-TAVR, but still had impaired function.
FRONTIERS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Massimiliano Camilli, Lisa Birritella, Angelica Bibiana Delogu, Priscilla Lamendola, Antonio De Vita, Veronica Melita, Alberto Romano, Antonio Ruggiero, Giorgio Attina, Gaetano Antonio Lanza, Massimo Massetti, Filippo Crea, Antonella Lombardo
Summary: This study aimed to assess the changes in left ventricular-arterial coupling (LVAC) in childhood cancer survivors (CCSs) and their relationship with endothelial function. The results showed significantly impaired 3D stroke volume (SV) and LVAC in CCSs compared to controls, while arterial elastance, end-systolic elastance, and elastance ratio were not different between the groups. These findings suggest the presence of cardiovascular changes in CCSs and their association with cumulative anthracycline doses and time after drug exposure.
REVIEWS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Huilin Tang, Stephen E. Kimmel, Inmaculada Hernandez, Maria M. Brooks, Kenneth Cusi, Steven M. Smith, Weilong Shi, Almut G. Winterstein, Jared W. Magnani, Jingchuan Guo
DIABETES OBESITY & METABOLISM
(2022)
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Scott Martin Vouri, Earl J. Morris, Xinyi Jiang, Ann-Kathrin Hofer, Stephan Schmidt, Carl Pepine, Almut G. Winterstein, Steven M. Smith
Summary: This study assessed the use of loop diuretics following beta-blocker initiation and found that there was an excess use of loop diuretics, which could not be fully explained by secular trends or hypertension progression.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HYPERTENSION
(2022)
Editorial Material
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Steven M. Smith, Rhonda M. Cooper-DeHoff
Article
Urology & Nephrology
Haesuk Park, Raj Desai, Xinyue Liu, Steven M. Smith, Juan Hincapie-Castillo, Linda Henry, Amie Goodin, Saraswathi Gopal, Carl J. Pepine, Raj Mohandas
Summary: The study found that changes in policies led to a significant decrease in erythropoietin-stimulating agent use and an increase in blood transfusion use. Patient hemoglobin levels decreased, but the risks of cardiovascular events, stroke, mortality, and heart failure decreased, while the risk of acute myocardial infarction increased.
CLINICAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF NEPHROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Huilin Tang, Stephen E. Kimmel, Steven M. Smith, Kenneth Cusi, Weilong Shi, Matthew Gurka, Almut G. Winterstein, Jingchuan Guo
Summary: This study aims to compare the cardiorenal benefits of SGLT2 inhibitors and GLP-1 receptor agonists between White and Asian populations, as well as between the two agents in Asian patients. The findings suggest that there are comparable cardiorenal benefits of these drugs in both populations.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Raj Desai, Haesuk Park, Joshua D. Brown, Rajesh Mohandas, Steven M. Smith
Summary: This study aimed to compare the risk of antihypertensive treatment intensification (TI) and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in patients with stable hypertension and depression who initiated serotonin norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRI) versus selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). The study found no difference in the risk of TI and MACE between SNRI and SSRI initiation.
Article
Anthropology
Andrew Y. Hwang, Michelle Cardel, Steven M. Smith
Summary: This study examined population-level changes in blood pressure following the 2016 U.S. presidential election and found differences in blood pressure changes among different racial and ethnic groups. Non-Hispanic Asian participants showed increased systolic blood pressure, while non-Hispanic Black and Mexican American participants showed increased diastolic blood pressure, possibly associated with gender differences.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HUMAN BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
John M. Allen, Devi Surajbali, Dalena Q. Nguyen, Jolanta Kuczek, Maithi Tran, Brianna Hachey, Carinda Feild, Bethany R. Shoulders, Steven M. Smith, Stacy A. Voils
Summary: This article investigates the rate and impact of piperacillin-tazobactam dose adjustment in early phase septic shock patients. The study found that dose reduction is associated with worsened clinical outcomes.
ANNALS OF PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Grace Hsin-Min Wang, Earl J. Morris, Steven M. Smith, Jesper Hallas, Scott M. Vouri
Summary: Based on the analysis of Medicare data, we found that it is common for older adults to receive potassium supplementation simultaneously or after loop diuretic initiation, and some patients continue to use potassium even after discontinuing the loop diuretic. This phenomenon, known as relics, highlights the need for clinicians to be aware of and address unnecessary drug use.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Steven M. M. Smith, Almut G. G. Winterstein, Matthew J. J. Gurka, Marta G. G. Walsh, Shailina Keshwani, Anne M. M. Libby, William R. R. Hogan, Carl J. J. Pepine, Rhonda M. M. Cooper-DeHoff
Summary: This study reveals significant variation in initial antihypertensive prescribing among new users, highlighting a gap between current guideline recommendations and real-world implementation in early hypertension care.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HEART ASSOCIATION
(2023)
Editorial Material
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Rhonda M. M. Cooper-DeHoff, Steven M. M. Smith
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HEART ASSOCIATION
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Scott M. Vouri, Earl J. Morris, Marta Walsh, Jessica Agalliu, Alyssa Dempsey, Leonie Hochleitner, Matthew R. Muschett, Stephan Schmidt, Carl J. Pepine, Steven M. Smith
Summary: This study aimed to comprehensively assess prescribing cascades related to statin medications. The results identified potential prescribing cascades, including laxatives, analgesics, and cephalosporins. These findings are important for reducing the occurrence of prescribing cascades.
PHARMACOEPIDEMIOLOGY AND DRUG SAFETY
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Munaza Riaz, Steven M. Smith, Eric A. Dietrich, David E. Winchester, Jingchuan Guo, Haesuk Park
Summary: This study found that the use of empagliflozin was associated with a decreased risk of heart failure-related and all-cause hospitalizations compared to canagliflozin or dapagliflozin.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Grace Hsin-Min Wang, Earl Morris, Scott M. Vouri, Shailina Keshwani, Stephan Schmidt, Carl J. Pepine, Steven M. Smith
Summary: This study aims to identify modifiable statin characteristics associated with lower risk of prescribing cascades. The results show that compared to low-intensity statins, moderate- or high-intensity statins and the choice of individual statin agents are associated with increased risk of prescribing cascades.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Raj Desai, Steven Smith, Rajesh Mohandas, Joshua Brown, Haesuk Park
Summary: This study found that concomitant use of calcium channel blockers (CCBs) and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) was associated with an increased risk of fractures compared to CCB-only users. However, there was no difference in fracture risk between concomitant users of CCBs with CYP3A4-inhibiting SSRIs and CCBs with non-CYP3A4 inhibiting SSRIs.
ANNALS OF PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2023)