Review
Cell Biology
Hezhen Chu, Zhenqian Qin, Jun Ma, Yimin Xie, Haifeng Shi, Jie Gu, Baiqiang Shi
Summary: This review provides an overview of the recent research progress on the various regulatory mechanisms of the CaSR in related cardiovascular diseases and the heart-kidney interaction, and discusses the associated common causes.
Article
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Alexandra V. Panova, Kristina S. Kulikova, Natalia V. Klementieva, Ivan D. Krylov, Irina O. Snezhko, Anatoly N. Tiulpakov, Sergey L. Kiselev
Summary: Neonatal severe primary hyperparathyroidism (NSHPT) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder caused by mutations in the CASR gene, leading to hypercalcemia and bone disease shortly after birth. By reprogramming dermal fibroblasts from a NSHPT patient carrying CASR gene mutations into iPSCs, a valuable resource for modeling hyperparathyroidism related to CASR mutations was established, showing expression of pluripotency markers and differentiation into all three germ layers.
STEM CELL RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Pediatrics
Julie Bernardor, Sacha Flammier, Jean-Pierre Salles, Cyril Amouroux, Mireille Castanet, Anne Lienhardt, Laetitia Martinerie, Ivan Damgov, Agnes Linglart, Justine Bacchetta
Summary: In this study, the French experience in using Cinacalcet for pediatric primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) was reported. The results showed that Cinacalcet can effectively control hypercalcemia and parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels without significant side effects.
FRONTIERS IN PEDIATRICS
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Nan Gao, Xiujing Dou, Ting Yin, Yang Yang, Di Yan, Ziwen Ma, Chongpeng Bi, Anshan Shan
Summary: Tryptophan regulates intestinal immunity by promoting the expression of AMPs, specifically pBD1 and pBD2, through the CaSR-tryptophan metabolic pathways. Moreover, tryptophan alleviates intestinal inflammation induced by LPS both in vitro and in vivo by activating the CaSR-AMPK pathways, and maintaining kynurenine homeostasis during the inflammatory response.
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jaruwan Ngamkam, Somratai Vadcharavivad, Nutthada Areepium, Titinun Auamnoy, Kullaya Takkavatakarn, Pisut Katavetin, Khajohn Tiranathanagul, Kearkiat Praditpornsilpa, Somchai Eiam-Ong, Paweena Susantitaphong
Summary: The study aimed to investigate the impact of CASR A990G genetic polymorphism on cinacalcet treatment response in hemodialysis patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism. Results showed that G carriers had significantly lower intact PTH levels and higher odds of achieving 30% PTH reduction after 12-week cinacalcet treatment, indicating a significant influence of CASR A990G polymorphism on cinacalcet response in this patient population.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Physiology
Jamie S. S. Lindner, Salil R. R. Rajayer, Briana J. J. Martiszus, Stephen M. M. Smith
Summary: The calcium-sensing receptor agonist, cinacalcet, regulates neuronal excitability by modulating the voltage-dependence of voltage-gated sodium channel (VGSC) currents. This regulation is achieved by shifting the voltage-dependence of VGSC currents and involves an unidentified inhibitory molecule that is G-protein dependent.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Aoife Courtney, Arnold Hill, Diarmuid Smith, Amar Agha
Summary: This case report describes two cases of familial hypocalciuric hypercalcaemia (FHH) caused by a novel pathogenic missense variant in the CaSR gene. Despite sharing the same mutation, these cases have different phenotypes. Further research and genetic counseling are important for understanding the natural history of the disease and assessing the risk for relatives.
BMC ENDOCRINE DISORDERS
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
S. Agarwal, S. Kardam, P. Chatterjee, C. Kumar, M. Boruah, M. C. Sharma, M. Tabin, L. Ramakrishnan
Summary: The study investigated the immunostaining of CaSR in parathyroid tissues, finding that membrane expression was predominantly incomplete in normal tissues, while cytoplasmic expression varied in pathological tissues. This suggests a potential role of CaSR expression patterns in parathyroid disorders.
JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGICAL INVESTIGATION
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Diana Cheshmedzhieva, Sonia Ilieva, Eugene A. Permyakov, Sergei E. Permyakov, Todor Dudev
Summary: The extracellular calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) plays a crucial role in regulating bone cell functions such as growth, differentiation, and apoptosis. Strontium has been identified as a CaSR agonist, contributing to anti-osteoporosis effects by inducing osteoclast apoptosis and osteoblast differentiation. Through computational methods, it has been found that the binding sites of Ca2+ in activated CaSR exhibit stronger selectivity over Sr2+, shedding light on the competition between metal cations for the receptor and providing insights into strontium's therapeutic effects.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tomohiro Saito, Masahide Mizobuchi, Mariko Sakai, Takehisa Kawata, Tetsuya Kitayama, Tadashi Kato, Taihei Suzuki, Hiroaki Ogata, Fumihiko Koiwa, Hirokazu Honda
Summary: This study investigated the effect of calcimimetic evocalcet (Evo) on the expression of parathyroid calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) and vitamin D receptor (VDR). The results showed that Evo and cinacalcet (Cina) can increase the expression of CaSR and VDR in uremic rats with secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT). The upregulation of these receptors may provide better control of mineral and bone disorder markers.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tomohiro Saito, Masahide Mizobuchi, Mariko Sakai, Takehisa Kawata, Tetsuya Kitayama, Tadashi Kato, Taihei Suzuki, Hiroaki Ogata, Fumihiko Koiwa, Hirokazu Honda
Summary: It has been found that the expression of calcium and vitamin D receptors is reduced during hemodialysis. However, treatment with calcimimetic evocalcet (Evo) can enhance the expression of these receptors in hemodialysis patients, which contributes to better control of mineral and bone disorder markers.
Article
Surgery
Xin Li, Yao Lu, Ling Zhang, Aiping Song, Honglei Zhang, Bo Pang, Jun Liu, Xiaoliang Sun, Haoyang Ji, Linping Huang, Meng Yang
Summary: The expression of calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) was found to be downregulated in both primary and secondary hyperparathyroidism (HPT). However, secondary HPT exhibited higher levels of CaSR mRNA and protein compared to primary HPT.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Yu Hao, Zhikai Lei, Nanjing Shi, Lingying Yu, Weiqin Ji, Xianfeng Zhang
Summary: A novel mutation in the CaSR gene was identified in a patient with refractory hypocalciuric hypercalcemia, and its function was analyzed. The effectiveness of radiofrequency ablation of the parathyroid glands for treating hypercalcemia caused by this mutation was explored. Cell line studies showed that the D99N mutation reduced CaSR activity and resulted in more severe hypocalciuric hypercalcemia.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Alex Tuffour, Anthony Adebayiga Kosiba, Yao Zhang, Frank Addai Peprah, Jie Gu, Haifeng Shi
Summary: The calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) plays a dual role in cancer, enhancing proliferation in some types such as breast, lung, prostate, and kidney cancers at the primary site while suppressing colon cancer. CaSR activity not only increases cancer cell proliferation, migration, and suppression of apoptosis, but also promotes osteolytic activity and osteoblastic suppression, contributing to cancer metastasis to bone.
BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-REVIEWS ON CANCER
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Laura Wade, Anita Aindow, Lorraine Isherwood, M. Zulf Mughal, Renuka Ramakrishnan
Summary: This report presents two cases of NSHPT due to homozygous CASR mutations, highlighting the role of cinacalcet monotherapy as an alternative to surgery. Early use of cinacalcet can lead to improvements in symptoms, growth and neurodevelopmental outcomes.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRIC ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2022)