Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Muhammad Sohaib Khan, Hee-Sun Kim, Ranhee Kim, Sang Ho Yoon, Sang Geon Kim
Summary: A significant number of couples worldwide suffer from polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), characterized by enhanced androgen synthesis, hyperandrogenemia, and ovarian dysfunction in women. Metabolic dysregulation and adaptive changes are key mechanisms underlying the observed symptoms and altered biomarker levels. Liver pathology may contribute to female endocrine disruption through the liver-to-ovary axis, particularly through hyperglycemic challenges and changes in liver-secretory protein(s) and insulin sensitivity, potentially leading to female infertility. This review aims to provide insight into the emerging metabolic mechanisms of PCOS and summarize potential therapeutic approaches.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Ilhame Diboun, Manjunath Ramanjaneya, Lina Ahmed, Mohammed Bashir, Alexandra E. Butler, Omar Albagha, Abdul Badi Abou-Samra, Stephen L. Atkin, Nayef A. Mazloum, Mohamed A. Elrayess
Summary: PCOS pregnancies lead to lower birth weight babies with a unique metabolic signature enriched in specific triglycerides and unsaturated fatty acids compared to healthy controls. Certain indicators such as systolic blood pressure and specific lipid species can predict baby birth weight effectively.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Xuechun Bai, Lianwen Zheng, Dandan Li, Ying Xu
Summary: Endometrial receptivity in PCOS patients is influenced by various factors such as hormone level changes, imbalance in cytokine proportions, insulin resistance, chronic inflammation, and endometrial morphological changes, which can damage endometrial receptivity, affecting embryo implantation and development.
REPRODUCTIVE BIOLOGY AND ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Valentina Vannuzzi, Caterina Bernacchioni, Angela Muccilli, Francesca Castiglione, Filippo Nozzoli, Silvia Vannuccini, Tommaso Capezzuoli, Marcello Ceccaroni, Paola Bruni, Chiara Donati, Felice Petraglia
Summary: This study found a significant dysregulation of the S1P signaling axis in adenomyosis, and the expression of ACTA2, which is associated with fibrosis, was positively correlated. This suggests that S1P may serve as a potential biomarker for adenomyosis.
REPRODUCTIVE BIOMEDICINE ONLINE
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Christina B. Bielmeier, Saskia Roth, Sabrina Schmitt, Stefaniya K. Boneva, Anja Schlecht, Mario Vallon, Ernst R. Tamm, Sueleyman Erguen, Andreas Neueder, Barbara M. Braunger
Summary: In this study, the transcriptional profile of mice carrying a model for autosomal dominant RP was characterized using RNASeq and WGCNA analysis. Dysregulated genes and gene modules associated with TGF-beta regulated pathways, immune response, and cellular homeostasis were identified. The study suggested that VPP-induced retinal degeneration may primarily involve neuroinflammation and activation of neuroprotective signaling pathways.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Maria Candida P. Baracat, Edmund C. Baracat, Ricardo S. Simoes, Manuel J. Simoes, Gustavo A. R. Maciel, Ricardo Azziz, Jose Maria Soares Jr
Summary: Our study aimed to investigate the effects of hormonal and metabolic factors on endometrial quality and progesterone action. Subjects were recruited from an outpatient reproductive endocrinology clinic. Endometrial biopsies were performed before and after progesterone treatment, and metabolic and hormonal serum levels were evaluated. The endometrium of women with PCOS in the second phase showed histomorphometric abnormalities, which were associated with androgen and insulin levels despite progesterone supplementation.
Article
Cell Biology
Jieqiong Qu, Valerie Betting, Ruben van Iterson, Florence M. Kwaschik, Ronald P. van Rij
Summary: The piRNA pathway in mosquitoes is characterized by an expanded PIWI gene family and antiviral defense functions. Core piRNA clusters, which are enriched for non-retroviral endogenous viral elements (nrEVEs), show ubiquitous expression in both somatic and germline tissues and depend on key biogenesis factors. Transcriptional readthrough is identified as a conserved mechanism for cluster-derived piRNA biogenesis in vector mosquitoes. These findings provide a foundation for further investigation of gene regulation, genome evolution, and piRNA function in important vector species.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Su Liu, Ling Hong, Ruochun Lian, Shan Xiao, Yuye Li, Lianghui Diao, Yong Zeng
Summary: The aim of this study was to identify the transcriptomic characteristics of the endometrium in normoweight and overweight/obese polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), and it was found that there are different gene expression patterns between these two subtypes of PCOS, which may affect endometrial functions in PCOS patients.
FRONTIERS IN GENETICS
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Avishay Dolitzky, Guy Shapira, Sharon Grisaru-Tal, Inbal Hazut, Shmulik Avlas, Yaara Gordon, Micahl Itan, Noam Shomron, Ariel Munitz
Summary: Eosinophils are multifunctional leukocytes involved in regulating tissue homeostasis, host defense, and cancer responses. They can respond to both Type 1 and Type 2 inflammatory stimuli based on recent RNA sequencing data, exhibiting distinct transcription profiles. These findings suggest that eosinophils exhibit heterogeneity and transcriptional differences between Type 1 and Type 2 cells, influencing their diverse activities in various disease settings.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Pathology
Lina Irshaid, Danielle C. Costigan, Fei Dong, Ursula A. Matulonis, Marisa R. Nucci, David L. Kolin
Summary: This study aimed to characterize the genetic landscape of Mullerian clear cell carcinoma (CCC) and correlate these findings with clinicopathologic features. The results showed that the genetic landscape of CCC is complex, with ARID1A and PIK3CA being the most frequently mutated genes. Furthermore, CCC can be classified into different molecular subgroups, which have different prognostic implications.
Article
Reproductive Biology
Haowen Wu, Bining Zhao, Qiyang Yao, Jihong Kang
Summary: After being induced with DHEA or DHEA + HFD, PCOS mice still require consecutive treatments to maintain reproductive phenotypes that meet the diagnostic criteria of PCOS. Withdrawal of treatment results in normalization of testosterone levels, regular estrous cycle, and relatively normal ovarian morphology in a short period of time.
JOURNAL OF OVARIAN RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
D. Abdulkhalikova, A. Sustarsic, E. Vrtacnik Bokal, N. Jancar, M. Jensterle, T. Burnik Papler
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the effects of weight loss on the endometrium specific proteome, endocrine-metabolic characteristics, and motor capabilities of obese women with PCOS and infertility. The results showed increased protein abundance in certain proteins and decreased abundance in others in the endometrium after weight loss, as well as significant reductions in fasting blood glucose and free testosterone levels, and improvements in body composition and physical capacity.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Julian Wolf, Thomas Reinhard, Rozina Ida Hajdu, Guenther Schlunck, Claudia Auw-Haedrich, Clemens Lange
Summary: This study characterizes the transcriptional profile and tumor microenvironment of conjunctival extranodal marginal zone lymphoma (EMZL) and identifies prognostically relevant biomarkers. The upregulated genes in conjunctival EMZL are involved in B cell proliferation and Rac protein signaling, while downregulated genes contribute to oxidative phosphorylation and UV protection. The tumor microenvironment is mainly composed of multiple B cell subtypes, along with various T cell and innate immune cell types. A 13-biomarker prognostic panel, including S100A8 and S100A9, shows promising prognostic value for conjunctival EMZL.
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Stefano Palomba
Summary: Regardless of ovulatory status, women with PCOS may have reduced reproductive potential due to altered oocytes, embryo and endometrial competence, infertility-related co-morbidities, and an increased risk of pregnancy complications.
HUMAN REPRODUCTION
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Veronica Quarato, Salvatore D'Antona, Petronilla Battista, Roberta Zupo, Rodolfo Sardone, Isabella Castiglioni, Danilo Porro, Marco Frasca, Claudia Cava
Summary: This study explored differentially expressed genes in the hippocampus of Alzheimer's disease patients, identifying potential drug targets and gene networks involved in various biological processes. The findings shed light on the genetic mechanisms of the disease and provide insights for further research.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Hyeong Seok Kim, Wookyeong Song, Wonho Choo, Sungyoung Lee, Youngmin Han, Claudio Bassi, Roberto Salvia, Giovanni Marchegiani, Christopher L. Wolfgang, Jin He, Alex B. Blair, Michael D. Kluger, Gloria H. Su, Song Cheol Kim, Ki-Byung Song, Masakazu Yamamoto, Takashi Hatori, Ching-Yao Yang, Hiroki Yamaue, Seiko Hirono, Sohei Satoi, Tsutomu Fujii, Satoshi Hirano, Wenhui Lou, Yasushi Hashimoto, Yasuhiro Shimizu, Marco Del Chiaro, Roberto Valente, Matthias Lohr, Dong Wook Choi, Seong Ho Choi, Jin Seok Heo, Fuyuhiko Motoi, Ippei Matsumoto, Woo Jung Lee, Chang Moo Kang, Yi-Ming Shyr, Shin-E Wang, Ho-Seong Han, Yoo-Seok Yoon, Marc G. Besselink, Nadine C. M. van Huijgevoort, Masayuki Sho, Hiroaki Nagano, Sang Geol Kim, Goro Honda, Yinmo Yang, Hee Chul Yu, Jae Do Yang, Jun Chul Chung, Yuichi Nagakawa, Hyung Il Seo, Seungyeoun Lee, Hongbeom Kim, Wooil Kwon, Taesung Park, Jin-Young Jang
Summary: A novel nomogram based on radiologic findings of intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMN) was developed and compared with existing American and Korean/Japanese nomograms. The results showed that this nomogram performed better than the American nomogram and was comparable to the Korean/Japanese nomogram. This nomogram would be clinically helpful in situations where tumor markers are not available.
JOURNAL OF HEPATO-BILIARY-PANCREATIC SCIENCES
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Oncology
Sun Young Rha, Chang Gon Kim, Minkyu Jung, Hyo Song Kim, Choong-kun Lee, Hei-Cheul Jeung, Dong-Hoe Koo, Woo Kyun Bae, Dae Young Zang, Hyunki Kim, Hyun Cheol Cheol Chung
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jae-Ho Cheong, Sam C. Wang, Sunho Park, Matthew R. Porembka, Alana L. Christie, Hyunki Kim, Hyo Song Kim, Hong Zhu, Woo Jin Hyung, Sung Hoon Noh, Bo Hu, Changjin Hong, John D. Karalis, In-Ho Kim, Sung Hak Lee, Tae Hyun Hwang
Summary: The ability to predict the survival and response to treatment of gastric cancer patients can be improved by generating a 32 gene signature. This study identifies four prognostic molecular subtypes through genomic profiling and shows that the 32-gene signature is a promising prognostic and predictive biomarker for guiding the clinical care of gastric cancer patients.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Han Ah Lee, Hyun Woong Lee, Younhee Park, Hyon-Suk Kim, Yeon Seok Seo
Summary: The level of HBcrAg is important in predicting the clinical phase and NA-induced HBeAg seroconversion in patients with CHB.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
So Dam Lee, Haengdueng Jeong, Bo Ram Hwang, Byeong Min Yu, Yejin Cho, Ki Teak Nam, Hyunki Kim, Yong Chan Lee
Summary: Strains of Helicobacter pylori positive for CagA may contribute to the development of gastric cancer through the induction of CK2 activation and CK28 degradation. The downregulation of CK28 and subsequent activation of AKT and Snail signaling pathways may play a crucial role in the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in gastric cancer. CK2 could be a potential molecular target for the treatment of H. pylori-infected gastric cancer.
BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR BASIS OF DISEASE
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Yeon Seung Chung, Youngsic Jeon, Jeong Eun Yoo, Taek Chung, Hyang Joo Ryu, Hyunki Kim, Hyungjin Rhee, Young Nyun Park
Summary: In this study, a method was developed to differentiate intrahepatic cholangiocarcinomas (iCCAs) from adenocarcinomas originating from extrahepatic organs adjacent to the liver. The combination of albumin mRNA in situ hybridization (ISH) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining for filamin-A and cytokeratin 19 (CK19) showed better diagnostic performance than albumin ISH alone. The newly developed iCCA-score consisting of these three markers can accurately differentiate iCCA from extrahepatic adenocarcinomas.
HEPATOLOGY INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Jung Yong Hong, Hee Jin Cho, Kum-Hee Yun, Young Han Lee, Seung Hyun Kim, Wooyeol Baek, Sang Kyum Kim, Yurimi Lee, Yoon-La Choi, Minsuk Kwon, Hyo Song Kim, Jeeyun Lee
Summary: This study investigated the molecular determinants of pazopanib response in refractory soft tissue sarcoma patients. It identified CDK4 amplification as a predictor of poor response and shorter progression-free survival. Additionally, the combination of pazopanib and durvalumab showed efficacy in patients with high immune/stromal cell infiltration and increased CD19 expression.
CANCER RESEARCH AND TREATMENT
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kwang Sik Lee, Bo Yeon Kim, Yun Hui Kim, Yong Soo Choi, Byung Rae Jin
Summary: In this study, a novel protein component called Amwaprin was identified and characterized from honeybee venom. Amwaprin showed inhibitory activity against microbial serine proteases and elastases, as well as microbicidal activity by damaging bacterial and fungal cell walls. It acts as a microbicidal and anti-elastolytic agent.
COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY C-TOXICOLOGY & PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Jieun Yang, Se Hyun Kim, Eun Hee Jung, Sang-A Kim, Koung Jin Suh, Ji Yun Lee, Ji-Won Kim, Jin Won Kim, Jeong-Ok Lee, Yu Jung Kim, Keun-Wook Lee, Jee Hyun Kim, Soo-Mee Bang, Jong Seok Lee
Summary: The concurrent use of metformin and DPP4 inhibitors with ICIs significantly improves clinical outcomes in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer without increasing the incidence of immune-related adverse events (irAEs).
Article
Oncology
Young Soo Park, Myeong-Cherl Kook, Baek-hui Kim, Hye Seung Lee, Dong-Wook Kang, Mi-Jin Gu, Ok Ran Shin, Younghee Choi, Wonae Lee, Hyunki Kim, In Hye Song, Kyoung-Mee Kim, Hee Sung Kim, Guhyun Kang, Do Youn Park, So -Young Jin, Joon Mee Kim, Yoon Jung Choi, Hee Kyung Chang, Soomin Ahn, Mee Soo Chang, Song-Hee Han, Yoonjin Kwak, An Na Seo, Sung Hak Lee, Mee-Yon Cho
Summary: This edition is composed of standard data elements and conditional data elements. Standard data elements contain basic pathological findings and necessary items to predict the prognosis of GC patients, while conditional data elements include additional diagnostic and prognostic factors relevant to adjuvant therapy, such as molecular biomarkers. They are designed to allow pathologists to selectively choose appropriate items based on their institution's environment. The standardized pathology report aims to improve GC diagnosis and facilitate large-scale research.
JOURNAL OF GASTRIC CANCER
(2023)
Review
Pathology
Young Soo Park, Myeong-Cherl Kook, Baek-hui Kim, Hye Seung Lee, Dong-Wook Kang, Mi-Jin Gu, Ok Ran Shin, Younghee Choi, Wonae Lee, Hyunki Kim, In Hye Song, Kyoung-Mee Kim, Hee Sung Kim, Guhyun Kang, Do Youn Park, So -Young Jin, Joon Mee Kim, Yoon Jung Choi, Hee Kyung Chang, Soomin Ahn, Mee Soo Chang, Song-Hee Han, Yoonjin Kwak, An Na Seo, Sung Hak Lee, Mee-Yon Cho
Summary: The first edition of 'A Standardized Pathology Report for Gastric Cancer' was initiated by the Gastrointestinal Pathology Study Group of the Korean Society of Pathologists and published 17 years ago. This second edition consists of standard data elements and conditional data elements, including basic pathologic findings and items necessary for predicting the prognosis of GC patients. Other factors relevant to adjuvant therapy are classified as conditional data elements. The standardized pathology report will be helpful for GC diagnosis and facilitate collaborative studies.
JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Entomology
Yun Hui Kim, Bo Yeon Kim, Yong Soo Choi, Kwang Sik Lee, Byung Rae Jin
Summary: The study found that feeding nurse bees peppermint oil (PO) and a cocktail of pathogens can promote the induction of immune memory, increase body weight, and upregulate marker genes.
JOURNAL OF ASIA-PACIFIC ENTOMOLOGY
(2023)
Letter
Medical Laboratory Technology
Heejeong Kim, In-suk Kim, Hyerim Kim
ANNALS OF LABORATORY MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Fisheries
Yun Hui Kim, Bo Yeon Kim, Yong Soo Choi, Kwang Sik Lee, Byung Rae Jin
Summary: Feeding honeybees with a heat-killed pathogen cocktail can induce transgenerational immune responses, as shown by the upregulation of vitellogenin and defensin-1 in nurse bees. The Toll signaling pathway and the expression of defensin-1 were also upregulated upon ingestion of the pathogen cocktail. Furthermore, the introduction of the cocktail resulted in increased resistance to pathogen infection in worker larvae.
DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Hyejo Ryu, Changhoon Song, Jae-Sung Kim, Jae Hyun Jeon, Sukki Cho, Kwhanmien Kim, Sanghoon Jheon, Se Hyun Kim, Yu Jung Kim, Jong Seok Lee
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the prognostic nutritional index (PNI) and survival and recurrence in NSCLC patients who underwent postoperative radiotherapy (PORT). 97 NSCLC patients were included in the study, and higher post-RT PNI was significantly associated with better overall survival. This finding suggests that PNI can be used as a prognostic marker in this patient population.