Article
Neurosciences
R. J. Rushmore, J. A. McGaughy, A. C. Amaral, D. J. Mokler, P. J. Morgane, J. R. Galler, D. L. Rosene
Summary: Protein malnutrition during gestation can have long-lasting effects on brain development, leading to behavioral and cognitive changes in adulthood and increasing the risk of neuropsychiatric disorders. Studies have shown that prenatal protein malnutrition specifically affects functions associated with the prefrontal cortex, resulting in decreased task performance and reduced prefrontal cortical activity in adulthood.
Article
Neurosciences
R. J. Rushmore, J. A. McGaughy, D. J. Mokler, D. L. Rosene
Summary: There is increasing evidence that the maternal environment has a long-lasting impact on the fetal brain. Certain environmental stimuli during pregnancy can alter the course of brain development, leading to specific changes in brain anatomy and physiology. These changes can result in alteration of adult cognitive function. The impact on brain and behavior may be linked, with prenatal stimuli influencing brain development and the selection of beneficial brain circuits and behaviors. The altered brain development caused by prenatal factors may explain the increased risk factors for neurological and psychiatric illnesses.
NUTRITIONAL NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Alexandre A. Lussier, Tamara S. Bodnar, Michelle Moksa, Martin Hirst, Michael S. Kobor, Joanne Weinberg
Summary: The study revealed that prenatal alcohol exposure and food-related stress can affect neurodevelopment and immune function through their influence on DNA methylation levels in the rat brain, potentially in a sex-dependent manner. These epigenetic changes may reflect the sex-specific effects of prenatal insults on long-term functional and health outcomes.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Julian Klingbeil, Max-Lennart Brandt, Max Wawrzyniak, Anika Stockert, Hans R. Schneider, Petra Baum, Karl-Titus Hoffmann, Dorothee Saur
Summary: Lesions in the left ventrolateral prefrontal cortex increase the risk of depressive symptoms 6 months poststroke. Lesions within the right hemisphere are unrelated to depressive symptoms.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Julian Klingbeil, Max-Lennart Brandt, Max Wawrzyniak, Anika Stockert, Hans R. Schneider, Petra Baum, Karl-Titus Hoffmann, Dorothee Saur
Summary: Lesions in the left ventrolateral prefrontal cortex increase the risk of depressive symptoms 6 months poststroke, while lesions within the right hemisphere are unrelated to depressive symptoms. Early prediction factors for poststroke depression include depressive symptoms within the first 4 weeks poststroke.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Dongsheng Zhang, Yang Huang, Shasha Liu, Jie Gao, Weirui Liu, Wanting Liu, Kai Ai, Xiaoyan Lei, Xiaoling Zhang
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the role of structural and functional alterations of the cingulate gyrus in early cognitive impairment in Type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. The results showed no significant differences in the cortical thickness of the cingulate gyrus between the patients and healthy controls, but the functional connectivity between specific brain regions was significantly different. These findings suggest that the functional connectivity of the cingulate gyrus may play a role in compensatory mechanisms for cognitive impairment in Type 2 diabetes mellitus.
ANNALS OF CLINICAL AND TRANSLATIONAL NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Wiktor Bilecki, Joachim Latusz, Kinga Gawlinska, Magdalena Chmelova, Marzena Mackowiak
Summary: The study showed that short-term adolescent social isolation did not significantly affect fear memory and anxiety in adult rats, but altered protein levels related to synapse maturation and energy transfer. Additionally, the impact of adolescent social isolation on normally developing brains was different than those with a history of MAM administration.
BEHAVIOURAL BRAIN RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Radhika Chadha, Khaled Alganem, Robert E. Mccullumsmith, James H. Meador-Woodruff
Summary: The study found disruptions in the mTOR signaling pathway in patients with schizophrenia, leading to abnormal expression and activity of downstream effector proteins. Further research showed that schizophrenia patients are more sensitive to rapamycin treatment, potentially due to the involvement of AMP-activated protein kinase.
MOLECULAR PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Byoung-Kyong Min, Hyun-Seok Kim, Wonjun Ko, Min-Hee Ahn, Heung-Il Suk, Dimitrios Pantazis, Robert T. Knight
Summary: By applying regularized linear discriminant analysis to human scalp EEG data, we were able to accurately distinguish between mental-rotation task and color-perception task, with dominant features found in the dorsal and ventral areas of the lateral PFC. This study highlights the ability of EEG to decode independent task states from PFC and underscores the functional specificity of dorsal and ventral PFC in processing different types of tasks.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Anika Stockert, Sophia Hormig-Rauber, Max Wawrzyniak, Julian Klingbeil, Hans Ralf Schneider, Mandy Pirlich, Stefan Schob, Karl-Titus Hoffmann, Dorothee Saur
Summary: This study investigated the relationship between thalamic stroke and aphasia by examining the integration of the thalamus into cortical networks. The results showed a correlation between lesions in the thalamus and language impairments, suggesting that dysfunction in thalamocortical networks may contribute to thalamic aphasia.
Article
Neurosciences
Emmanuel Guizar Rosales, Thomas Baumgartner, Daria Knoch
Summary: This study combines neuroscientific and behavioral methods to investigate interindividual differences in intergenerational sustainability. The results suggest that individuals who behave sustainably have greater cortical thickness of the dorsomedial and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, which may enable them to take the perspective of future generations and resist temptations to prioritize personal benefits.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Anika Stockert, Sophia Hormig-Rauber, Max Wawrzyniak, Julian Klingbeil, Hans Ralf Schneider, Mandy Pirlich, Stefan Schob, Karl-Titus Hoffmann, Dorothee Saur
Summary: Thalamic aphasia is associated with lesions in the left mediodorsal thalamic nucleus and functionally connected cortical language networks as well as bilateral cortical networks for cognitive control. Dysfunction in thalamocortical networks contributes to the development of thalamic aphasia, specifically due to inefficient integration between otherwise undamaged domain-general and language networks.
Review
Behavioral Sciences
Sihai Li, Matthew C. Rosen, Suha Chang, Samuel David, David J. Freedman
Summary: This article reviews the neural correlates and functional importance of working memory-related activity in higher-order cortical regions, particularly the prefrontal cortex. It also discusses emerging evidence of electrical stimulation as a potential therapy for ameliorating working memory deficits.
FRONTIERS IN BEHAVIORAL NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Biology
Kathleen Kang, Robert Rosenkranz, Kaan Karan, Ercan Altinsoy, Shu-Chen Li
Summary: This study investigates how congruence cues and congruence-based expectations shape perception in virtual reality (VR) by assessing brain responses during vehicle riding experiences in VR scenarios. The results suggest that plausible scenarios elicit greater cortical responses, and weaker but plausible stimulations result in greater responses in the sensorimotor cortex.
COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Sihai Li, Christos Constantinidis, Xue-Lian Qi
Summary: The study investigated the roles of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and posterior parietal cortex in working memory, finding that neuronal activity can predict categorical judgments of information and deviations in firing rates reflect the contents of working memory.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Birgit Kaehler, Eva Viktoria Romswinkel, Mira Jakovcevski, Ashley Moses, Melitta Schachner, Fabio Morellini
Summary: Studies in humans and rodents suggest a link between impulsivity, stress response, and addiction vulnerability. NCAM deficiency in mice affects responses to cocaine, leading to enhanced sensitization, CPP, impaired extinction, and increased hyperlocomotion. NCAM-/- mice show specific behavioral alterations in response to cocaine, indicating a correlation between stress response system hyperfunction, novelty reactivity, and behavioral responses to cocaine.
Review
Psychiatry
Yueyan Zhu, Daijing Sun, Mira Jakovcevski, Yan Jiang
TRANSLATIONAL PSYCHIATRY
(2020)
Article
Neurosciences
R. J. Rushmore, J. A. McGaughy, A. C. Amaral, D. J. Mokler, P. J. Morgane, J. R. Galler, D. L. Rosene
Summary: Protein malnutrition during gestation can have long-lasting effects on brain development, leading to behavioral and cognitive changes in adulthood and increasing the risk of neuropsychiatric disorders. Studies have shown that prenatal protein malnutrition specifically affects functions associated with the prefrontal cortex, resulting in decreased task performance and reduced prefrontal cortical activity in adulthood.
Article
Neurosciences
R. J. Rushmore, J. A. McGaughy, D. J. Mokler, D. L. Rosene
Summary: There is increasing evidence that the maternal environment has a long-lasting impact on the fetal brain. Certain environmental stimuli during pregnancy can alter the course of brain development, leading to specific changes in brain anatomy and physiology. These changes can result in alteration of adult cognitive function. The impact on brain and behavior may be linked, with prenatal stimuli influencing brain development and the selection of beneficial brain circuits and behaviors. The altered brain development caused by prenatal factors may explain the increased risk factors for neurological and psychiatric illnesses.
NUTRITIONAL NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ana Claudia Amaral, Beatriz G. Perez-Nievas, Michael Siao Tick Chong, Alicia Gonzalez-Martinez, Herminia Argente-Escrig, Sara Rubio-Guerra, Caitlin Commins, Serra Muftu, Bahareh Eftekharzadeh, Eloise Hudry, Zhanyun Fan, Prianca Ramanan, Shuko Takeda, Matthew P. Frosch, Susanne Wegmann, Teresa Gomez-Isla
Summary: Partial reduction of GSK-3 beta can decrease pathological tau changes in the brain of AD mice, including hyperphosphorylation and aggregation, reducing tau protein spread between neurons. This suggests GSK-3 beta as a promising therapeutic target for AD and other tauopathies.
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Nicholas T. Church, Wendy Weissner, Janina R. Galler, Ana C. Amaral, Douglas L. Rosene, Jill A. McGaughy, Richard J. Rushmore, Eben Larrabee, David J. Mokler
Summary: The study found that prenatal protein malnutrition may alter the levels of neurotransmitters in the brain, especially norepinephrine. Acute stress may increase serotonin levels, while norepinephrine and dopamine levels remain relatively stable.
BEHAVIORAL NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Ajay Uprety, Mark B. Moss, Douglas L. Rosene, Ronald J. Killiany, Tara L. Moore
Summary: Studies suggest that curcumin (CUR) may improve specific aspects of executive function in rhesus monkeys, but has minimal impact on spatial reversal learning.
BEHAVIORAL NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Tiziana Petrozziello, Ana C. Amaral, Simon Dujardin, Sali M. K. Farhan, James Chan, Bianca A. Trombetta, Pia Kivisakk, Alexandra N. Mills, Evan A. Bordt, Spencer E. Kim, Patrick M. Dooley, Caitlin Commins, Theresa R. Connors, Derek H. Oakley, Anubrata Ghosal, Teresa Gomez-Isla, Bradley T. Hyman, Steven E. Arnold, Tara Spires-Jones, Merit E. Cudkowicz, James D. Berry, Ghazaleh Sadri-Vakili
Summary: This study found alterations in tau phosphorylation in post-mortem motor cortex of ALS patients, especially increased total tau and pTau-S396 in C9ORF72-ALS. Levels of total tau in cerebrospinal fluid were associated with disease progression speed, while the pTau-T181:tau ratio correlated with disease progression speed.
Article
Anatomy & Morphology
Carolin Nieder, Douglas L. Rosene, Farzad Mortazavi, Adrian L. Oblak, Darlene R. Ketten
Summary: The superior olivary complex (SOC) in mammals plays a crucial role in sound localization, with toothed whales relying heavily on hearing and echolocation. A study on the SOC in odontocetes provides insights into their adaptations to underwater hearing and echolocation. The investigation on the lateral superior olive (LSO) in common dolphins reveals unique anatomical characteristics that contribute to their superb sensitivity to ultra-high frequencies for underwater spatial localization and echolocation tasks.
JOURNAL OF MORPHOLOGY
(2022)
Editorial Material
Neurosciences
Yan Jiang, Julia M. Schulze-Hentrich, Mira Jakovcevski
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Simon Chang, Federica Fermani, Chu-Lan Lao, Lianyun Huang, Mira Jakovcevski, Rossella Di Giaimo, Miriam Gagliardi, Danusa Menegaz, Alexandru Adrian Hennrich, Michael Ziller, Matthias Eder, Rudiger Klein, Na Cai, Jan M. Deussing
Summary: An adaptive stress response involves various mediators and circuits orchestrating a complex interplay of physiological, emotional, and behavioral adjustments. In this study, we identified a circuit related to CRH that connects the extended amygdala and basal ganglia nuclei, driving locomotor activation and avoidance behavior.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
David J. Mokler, Shelley Cohen Konrad, Kris Hall, Kim Rodriguez, Sue St Pierre, Victoria S. Thieme, Jenifer Van Deusen
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN OSTEOPATHIC ASSOCIATION
(2020)
Article
Neurosciences
Yang He, Jun Tang, Meng Zhang, Junjie Ying, Dezhi Mu
Summary: This study investigated the protective effects and mechanisms of human placenta derived mesenchymal stem cells (hPMSCs) transplantation in a rat model of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE). The results showed that hPMSCs transplantation reduced apoptosis and improved long-term neurological prognosis. Furthermore, the downregulation of Sema 3A/NRP-1 expression and activation of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway played a key role in the protective effects of hPMSCs.
Article
Neurosciences
Emily L. Isenstein, Edward G. Freedman, Jiayi Xu, Ian A. DeAndrea-Lazarus, John J. Foxe
Summary: This study evaluated electrophysiological discrimination of parametric somatosensory stimuli in healthy young adults to understand how the brain processes the duration of tactile information. The results showed that participants did not electrophysiologically discriminate between 100 and 115 ms, but they exhibited distinct electrophysiological responses when the deviant stimuli were 130, 145, and 160 ms. These findings contribute to a better understanding of tactile sensitivity in different clinical conditions.
Article
Neurosciences
Juliana R. Souza, Ludmila Lima-Silveira, Daniela Accorsi-Mendonca, Benedito H. Machado
Summary: This study demonstrates that A2A receptors play a crucial role in modulating synaptic transmission in the NTS neurons and are required for the enhancement of glutamatergic transmission observed under short-term sustained hypoxia conditions.
Article
Neurosciences
Miki Hashizume, Rina Ito, Rie Suge, Yasushi Hojo, Gen Murakami, Takayuki Murakoshi
Summary: The basolateral amygdaloid complex (BLA) is closely involved in the formation of emotional memories, including both aversive memory and contextual fear memory. Acute sleep deprivation (SD) disrupts the acquisition of tone-associated fear memory in juvenile rats, but has no significant effect on contextual fear memory. Slow network oscillation in the amygdala contributes to the formation of amygdala-dependent fear memory in relation to sleep.
Article
Neurosciences
Qunxian Wang, Shipeng Guo, Dongjie Hu, Xiangjun Dong, Zijun Meng, Yanshuang Jiang, Zijuan Feng, Weihui Zhou, Weihong Song
Summary: GSDME plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease by regulating the switch from apoptosis to pyroptosis and participating in neuroinflammatory response. Knockdown of GSDME has been shown to improve cognitive impairments, indicating that GSDME could be a therapeutic target for Alzheimer's disease.
