Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Fuka Tabata, Yasuaki Wada, Satomi Kawakami, Kazuhiro Miyaji
Summary: Serum albumin, the most abundant circulating protein in mammals, has three isoforms based on its redox state, traditionally considered a biomarker of systemic oxidative stress but recent research indicates oxidized albumin itself may worsen pathological conditions. Experimental evidence also suggests its potential as a sensitive protein nutrition biomarker.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
A. N. Stephen, S. R. Dennison, M. A. Holden, S. M. Reddy
Summary: Rapid detection of biologicals is important for various applications, and this study investigates the use of electropolymerized molecularly imprinted polymers (E-MIPs) as alternative biosensors with high selectivity and sensitivity. The results show that E-MIPs can rapidly and selectively recognize target proteins, and the sensitivity depends on the nature of the electrode surface area.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Gianni Turcato, Arian Zaboli, Serena Sibilio, Massimiliano Fanni Canelles, Eleonora Rella, Alberto Giudiceandrea, Norbert Pfeifer, Francesco Brigo
Summary: This study aimed to confirm the possible prognostic role of serum albumin concentration upon arrival of infected patients in the emergency department. Logistic regression and decision tree analysis revealed that albumin was an independent risk factor for 30-day mortality, showing better predictive abilities in patients with low-to-medium SOFA scores.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Roman Zazula, Michal Moravec, Frantisek Pehal, Tomas Nejtek, Marek Protus, Martin Muller
Summary: Myristic acid has been identified as a metabolite with high diagnostic sensitivity and specificity in patients with bacteraemia, sepsis, and SIRS. Its levels are significantly associated with severe trauma outcomes and inflammatory responses, making it a potential candidate marker for severe inflammation and sepsis. Patients with infection tended to have higher levels of myristic acid, especially within the first 24 hours of diagnosis.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Wei Huang, Xiaoting Wang, Fang Xie, Hongmin Zhang, Dawei Liu
Summary: This study found that serum NLRP3 levels can serve as a potential inflammatory biomarker to predict the status of septic patients, particularly those with septic shock. Higher NLRP3 levels were associated with increased mortality rate.
Review
Oncology
Long-Bin Jeng, Wen-Ling Chan, Chiao-Fang Teng
Summary: This review summarizes the prognostic significance of serum albumin (ALB) level and ALB-based mono- and combination biomarkers in predicting the prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients after different therapies. It emphasizes the importance of developing valuable and independent prognostic biomarkers for early prediction of poor prognosis in HCC patients. The review also highlights the diverse biological functions of ALB and its common use as a biomaterial and therapeutic agent in clinical settings.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jana Reiterova, Vladimir Tesar
Summary: Alport syndrome (AS) is a genetic kidney disease caused by mutations in COL4A3, COL4A4, or COL4A5 genes. It is characterized by hematuria, proteinuria, and kidney failure. Current treatment options are limited, but RAS inhibitors and SGLT-2 inhibitors show promise. Ongoing studies are exploring the use of combined receptor inhibitors and lipid-lowering agents. Molecular genetic diagnosis is crucial for prognosis and future therapies.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Urology & Nephrology
Judy Savige, Alessandra Renieri, Elisabet Ars, Sergio Daga, Anna Maria Pinto, Hansjorg Rothe, Daniel P. Gale, Marina Aksenova, Agne Cerkauskaite, Olga Bielska, Beata Lipska-Zietkiewicz, Joel T. Gibson
Summary: Digenic Alport syndrome refers to the inheritance of pathogenic variants in COL4A5 plus COL4A3 or COL4A4, or in COL4A3 plus COL4A4. The consequences depend on sex, severity of COL4A5 variant, and nature of COL4A3 or COL4A4 change. In males with COL4A5 variant, all collagen IV ?3?4?5-heterotrimers are affected. In females with COL4A5 variant, on average 50% of heterotrimers are affected, increased to 75% with additional COL4A3 or COL4A4 variant. In digenic Alport syndrome with COL4A3 and COL4A4 variants, 75% of heterotrimers are affected. Inheritance is autosomal dominant or recessive based on variants' effect on the same or different chromosomes. This form of digenic disease results in increased proteinuria and median age of kidney failure intermediate between autosomal dominant and autosomal recessive Alport syndrome. Previous guidelines recommend identification and reporting of all pathogenic or likely pathogenic digenic variants, as well as identification and treatment of affected family members.
CLINICAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF NEPHROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Li Wang, Xinyi Cha, Zhongxiao Zhang, Jihong Qian
Summary: Sepsis in infants is an important problem in pediatrics, characterized by insidious onset, rapid progression, and high rates of severe infection and mortality. This study used serum metabolomic approaches to analyze samples from infants with sepsis and noninfectious diseases. Six differential metabolites were identified, and prolylhydroxyproline showed potential diagnostic value for infant sepsis. Pathway and network analyses revealed the involvement of glycerophospholipid metabolism, aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis, necroptosis pathways, and classical inflammatory and metabolic signaling pathways. These findings contribute to the early diagnosis of sepsis in infants.
BMC INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Bibiana Quirant-Sanchez, Oriol Plans-Galvan, Ester Lucas, Eduard Argudo, Eva Maria Martinez-Caceres, Fernando Armestar
Summary: The early identification and treatment of at-risk patients with sepsis is crucial for reducing mortality. This study assessed the correlation between HLA-DR expression on monocytes ((M)HLA-DR ratio), sepsis index (CD64 expression on neutrophils/(M)HLA-DR ratio), C-reactive protein (CRP), and sepsis development. Biomarkers were tested in 77 critically ill patients over a period of 15 days. Most patients (71%) developed sepsis within 4.2±1.3 days after admission. On day 3, patients who subsequently developed sepsis had lower (M)HLA-DR+ levels and higher sepsis indexes compared to those who did not develop sepsis. The (M)HLA-DR ratio recovered slowly before day 6, while the sepsis index remained elevated up to day 9 in septic patients. Optimal cut-offs for predicting sepsis development were CRP levels > 106.90 mg/mL and (M)HLA-DR expression rate < 72.80%. Periodic monitoring of (M)HLA-DR expression, CRP, and sepsis index may help identify high-risk sepsis patients in the ICU.
Review
Immunology
Jiyun Hu, Shucai Xie, Wenchao Li, Lina Zhang
Summary: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to explore the diagnostic and prognostic value of serum S100 calcium-binding protein B (S100B) in Sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE) patients. The results showed that higher serum S100B levels are moderately associated with SAE and unfavorable outcomes, suggesting that serum S100B level may serve as a useful diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for SAE.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sapna Balayan, Nidhi Chauhan, Ramesh Chandra, Utkarsh Jain
Summary: Neonatal septicemia is a bacterial infection in newborns, which can be challenging to diagnose due to nonspecific symptoms. Researchers have developed an electrochemical biosensor based on nanomaterials and molecularly imprinted polymer technique to detect sepsis at early stages.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Margret Paar, Katharina Seifried, Gerhard Cvirn, Arabella Buchmann, Michael Khalil, Karl Oettl
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the redox state of human serum albumin (HSA) in patients with multiple sclerosis in serum and CSF and its possible correlations with disease activity and severity. The results showed significant differences in the redox state of albumin in CSF compared to controls, while there was no difference in serum. The redox state of albumin in serum was associated with physical disability in remission, while the redox state in CSF was related to disease activity.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture
Tingbin Liu
Summary: This study discusses the application of Internet of Things and digital image processing technologies in agriculture, as well as the use of procalcitonin as a marker to improve the diagnosis of bacterial infections. The research found that PCT has potential value in determining antibiotic treatment.
MICROPROCESSORS AND MICROSYSTEMS
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Ren-Qi Yao, Zong Shen, Qi-Min Ma, Ping Ling, Chen-Ru Wei, Li-Yu Zheng, Yu Duan, Wei Li, Feng Zhu, Yu Sun, Guo-Sheng Wu
Summary: This study aimed to develop a model that combines transcriptional biomarkers and clinical parameters to predict the development of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in septic patients. Six differentially expressed genes were identified as risk factors, and a prediction model based on these genes was established, showing good performance in predicting ARDS occurrence.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
