Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Angela John Thurman, Amanda Dimachkie Nunnally
Summary: This study compared joint attention between preschool-aged boys with autism and fragile X syndrome (FXS). While joint attention appeared similar, differences were observed after controlling for other factors, particularly in language and anxiety symptoms.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Igor Albizua, Krista Charen, Lisa Shubeck, Amy Talboy, Elizabeth Berry-Kravis, Walter E. Kaufmann, Jennifer L. Stallworth, Katy T. Drazba, Craig A. Erickson, John A. Sweeney, Nicole Tartaglia, Steven F. Warren, Randi Hagerman, Stephanie L. Sherman, Stephen T. Warren, Peng Jin, Emily G. Allen
Summary: This study found that the concordance of seizure types observed by parents and medical specialists varied in fragile X syndrome patients. The most common comorbid condition among those with seizures was autism spectrum disorder. Furthermore, a slightly higher frequency of family members who experienced seizures was found among the seizure group.
MOLECULAR GENETICS & GENOMIC MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Ramkumar Aishworiya, Dragana Protic, Randi Hagerman
Summary: There is increasing recognition of the heterogeneity of origin of cases of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), with genetic etiology identified in 20-40% of cases. The Fragile X premutation state is a newly discovered disease state associated with various disorders, including ASD, and understanding molecular mechanisms may facilitate targeted treatments in the future.
JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Psychiatry
Carla A. Wall, Jane E. Roberts
Summary: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex disorder with co-occurring disorders. Biobehavioral measurement approaches revealed that negative affect is prevalent in children with ASD and is associated with social anxiety, while respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) is related to the severity of ASD.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Carla A. Wall, Frederick Shic, Sreeja Varanasi, Jane E. Roberts
Summary: Social attention is critical for learning and development. This study investigated social attention profiles in preschool children with non-syndromic autism spectrum disorder (nsASD) and fragile X syndrome (FXS) and found differences in naturalistic initial eye contact, facial attention, and social scene attention. The findings suggest that children with nsASD may have a global social attention deficit, while FXS profiles may reflect context-dependent social avoidance.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Olga Cregenzan-Royo, Carme Brun-Gasca, Albert Fornieles-Deu
Summary: This systematic review examined studies conducted in the past 20 years on behavior and social problems in Fragile X syndrome (FXS), taking into account environmental and personal variables that may influence these problems. The review found that attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) remains the most significant behavior problem in FXS, and behavior problems and social competence have remained stable over the past 20 years. Comorbidity with autism in FXS individuals increases behavior problems and worsens social competence profiles. Environmental factors and parental characteristics play a role in behavior problems and social competence.
Article
Behavioral Sciences
John E. Richards, Maggie W. Guy, Abigail L. Hogan, Jane E. Roberts
Summary: This study examined the patterns of event-related potential responses during a face processing task in groups of preschoolers uniquely impacted by autism spectrum disorder (ASD), including children with ASD, children with fragile X syndrome (FXS), children with familial risk for ASD but without a diagnosis (ASIBs), and a low-risk control (LRC) group. The results showed that the FXS group had larger ERP components compared to the other groups, while the ASD and ASIB groups showed smaller responses for specific stimuli. The similarity of the ASD and ASIB responses suggested a common genetic or environmental origin for the reduced response.
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Heather Fielding-Gebhardt, Shelley L. Bredin-Oja, Steven F. Warren, Nancy C. Brady
Summary: Accurate representation of ASD in FXS is essential for the field. Different classification methods yielded discrepant results, suggesting that a singular measure of autism symptomology is insufficient to characterize autism in FXS.
JOURNAL OF AUTISM AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Dragana D. Protic, Ramkumar Aishworiya, Maria Jimena Salcedo-Arellano, Si Jie Tang, Jelena Milisavljevic, Filip Mitrovic, Randi J. Hagerman, Dejan B. Budimirovic
Summary: FXS is a neurodevelopmental disorder that can be improved through early diagnosis and interventions targeting behavior symptoms.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Susan D. Mayes, Susan L. Calhoun, Raman Baweja, Daniel A. Waschbusch
Summary: A study found that children with autism commonly exhibit symptoms such as ADHD, oppositional defiant disorder, disruptive mood dysregulation disorder, and language disorders, with high overlap of symptoms with ADHD-Combined. These comorbidities are perceived as most serious by mothers, highlighting the importance for clinicians to evaluate and treat these issues.
JOURNAL OF AUTISM AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Toshihiro Nomura
Summary: The imbalance of excitatory-inhibitory (E-I) balance has been implicated in various neurological and psychiatric diseases, including autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Fragile X syndrome (FXS) is a single-gene disorder that is the most common known cause of ASD, and deficits in inhibitory circuits in FXS tip the E-I balance towards excitation. Manipulating the activity of inhibitory interneurons can ameliorate symptoms in FXS, suggesting the potential for targeting interneurons to correct disrupted E-I balance in FXS.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Benjamin Lebwohl, Linnea Haggard, Louise Emilsson, Jonas Soderling, Bjorn Roelstraete, Agnieszka Butwicka, Peter H. R. Green, Jonas F. Ludvigsson
Summary: A population-based study in Sweden found that childhood celiac disease is associated with subsequent psychiatric disorders, with increased risks persisting into adulthood. The study showed that children with celiac disease have a higher risk of various psychiatric disorders.
CLINICAL GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Angel Belle C. Dy, Lourdes Bernadette S. Tanchanco, Jenica Clarisse Y. Sy, Myla Dominicina Levantino, Randi J. Hagerman
Summary: This study aimed to determine the presence of FXS or premutation carriers among Filipino children with autism and describe the phenotypic characteristics of the identified cases.
JOURNAL OF AUTISM AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Cara J. Westmark
Summary: Long-term or exclusive breastfeeding is associated with reduced prevalence of key comorbidities in FXS, however, it is also linked to the earlier development of gastrointestinal problems and allergies.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Sameer Aryal, Francesco Longo, Eric Klann
Summary: Through ribosome profiling and RNA sequencing, we found reduced ribosome footprint abundance in the majority of differentially translated genes in FXS mice, which can be corrected by genetic reduction of S6K1. Additionally, genetic removal of S6K1 prevented alterations in translation efficiencies with coding sequence length across mRNAs in FXS mouse cortices.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Marianthi-Anna Kioumourtzoglou, Raanan Raz, Ander Wilson, Ronen Fluss, Ronit Nirel, David M. Broday, Yuval, Michele R. Hacker, Thomas E. McElrath, Itamar Grotto, Petros Koutrakis, Marc G. Weisskopf
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Ezra Aydin, Rosemary Holt, Daren Chaplin, Rebecca Hawkes, Carrie Allison, Gerald Hackett, Topun Austin, Alex Tsompanidis, Lidia Gabis, Shimrit Ilana Ziv, Simon Baron-Cohen
PRENATAL DIAGNOSIS
(2019)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Leonardo Emberti Gialloreti, Luigi Mazzone, Arianna Benvenuto, Alessio Fasano, Alicia Garcia Alcon, Aletta Kraneveld, Romina Moavero, Raanan Raz, Maria Pia Riccio, Martina Siracusano, Ditza A. Zachor, Marina Marini, Paolo Curatolo
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2019)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Avital Segev, Marc G. Weisskopf, Hagai Levine, Ofir Pinto, Raanan Raz
Article
Pediatrics
Shahar Shefer, Odelia Leon Attia, Ruth Rosenan, Ori A. Wald, Hamutal Ende, Lidia V. Gabis
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2019)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yuval, Hadas Magen Molho, Ohad Zivan, David M. Broday, Raanan Raz
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
(2019)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Siyu Zhang, Yuval, David M. Broday, Raanan Raz
Article
Environmental Sciences
Raanan Raz, Yuval, Ruth Lev Bar-Or, Jeremy D. Kark, Ronit Sinnreich, David M. Broday, Ruthie Harari-Kremer, Lea Bentur, Alex Gileles-Hillel, Lital Keinan-Boker, Andrey Lyubarsky, Dorit Tsur, Arnon Afek, Noam Levin, Estela Derazne, Gilad Twig
Summary: The study aimed to examine the relationship between exposure to air pollution from the Haifa Bay Area (HBA) industrial area and prevalent asthma and other atopic diseases in adolescents. The results showed that residency in the HBA was associated with a higher risk of asthma, but did not provide evidence for causal relationships between HBA industry-related emissions and prevalent atopic diseases.
Editorial Material
Environmental Sciences
Raanan Raz, Youssef Oulhote
ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Carlos Francisco Dionicio Lopez, Neora Alterman, Ronit Calderon-Margalit, Michael Hauzer, Itai Kloog, Raanan Raz
Summary: Exposure to high ambient temperatures during infancy in Israel is positively associated with rapid infant weight gain, suggesting the importance of considering temperature exposure in the context of childhood obesity prevention efforts. Future studies should further investigate the nature and sources of this association.
PAEDIATRIC AND PERINATAL EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Ruthie Harari-Kremer, Ronit Calderon-Margalit, Yuval, David Broday, Itai Kloog, Raanan Raz
Summary: This study compared the use of population registry addresses and maternal addresses at the time of delivery for assessing prenatal air pollution exposures and their associations with congenital hypothyroidism. The results showed that ignoring residential inaccuracies only resulted in a small bias of the associations towards the null.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYGIENE AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Masha Krichevski, Ronit Calderon-Margalit, Shai Carmi, Raanan Raz
Summary: This study analyzed computerized anthropometric data from well-baby clinics in Israel to estimate the heritability of weight gain during infancy. The results showed that the heritability of weight gain decreases significantly in the second year of life, suggesting that this period could be a critical time for interventions to prevent childhood obesity in high-risk infants.
PAEDIATRIC AND PERINATAL EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Iaroslav Youssim, Offer Erez, Lena Novack, Daniel Nevo, Itai Kloog, Raanan Raz
Summary: A study conducted in southern Israel found that exposure to high temperatures during pregnancy is associated with an increased risk of preeclampsia, especially in the third trimester.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Ruth Lev Bar-Or, Ilan Levy, Gilad Twig, David M. Broday, Andrey Lyubarsky, Estela Derazne, Dorit Tzur, Ben Simon, Noam Levin, Alex Gileles-Hillel, Lea Bentur, Raanan Raz
Summary: Research indicates that half of the global population will suffer from an allergic condition at some point in life. Childhood exposure to nitrogen oxides is a risk factor for the onset of asthma. The association between exposure and allergic diseases other than asthma is unclear. We demonstrate a strong, dose-response relationship between exposure and a group of allergic outcomes, using data comprising 2.5 million subjects over 50 years. The large health benefits from clean air should motivate governments to prioritize mitigation measures.
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Ofir Y. Pinto, Raanan Raz
Summary: The study found that in Israel, mothers of children with autism spectrum disorders or hearing loss were more likely to stop working in the 5 years after their child's birth, and the household wage decreased after the child was born.
JOURNAL OF AUTISM AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS
(2021)
