Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Sandro Iannaccone, Elise Houdayer, Alfio Spina, Gianluca Nocera, Federica Alemanno
Summary: This study investigated the use of electroencephalography quantified with statistical pattern recognition (qEEG-SPR) as a tool for diagnosing dementia and differentiating dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB). The results showed that qEEG-SPR had high sensitivity and specificity for identifying dementia and DLB. It is a non-invasive, low-cost, and environmentally friendly method that can be implemented in healthcare settings.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Olivier Bousiges, Frederic Blanc
Summary: Dementia with Lewy Bodies (DLB) is a common cognitive neurodegenerative disease with clinical similarity to Alzheimer's disease (AD). This review examines the interest of different biomarkers in distinguishing DLB from AD, with a focus on cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), brain MRI, FP-CIT SPECT, MIBG SPECT, and PET. FP-CIT SPECT shows high interest in discriminating DLB and AD, while other biomarkers like MIBG SPECT, perfusion SPECT, FDG PET, and CSF biomarkers have lower validity. The potential of CSF synuclein RT-QuIC as a discrimination tool is highlighted, but its application in clinical routine needs further demonstration.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Francesco Lanfranchi, Dario Arnaldi, Alberto Miceli, Pietro Mattioli, Francesca D'Amico, Stefano Raffa, Maria Isabella Donegani, Silvia Chiola, Federico Massa, Matteo Pardini, Tania Di Raimondo, Gianmario Sambuceti, Matteo Bauckneht, Flavio Nobili, Silvia Morbelli
Summary: This study aimed to determine the most accurate z-score cut-offs for striatal and substriatal SBR to differentiate between Parkinson's disease (PD) and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB). The results showed that different cut-off values for z-scores can accurately distinguish PD from essential tremor (ET) and support the diagnosis of DLB.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE AND MOLECULAR IMAGING
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Alexandre M. Valenca, Claudia Cristina Studart Leal, Gustavo C. Oliveira, Talvane M. de Moraes, Antonio E. Nardi, Mauro Mendlowicz
Summary: This article presents a case of LBD in an elderly person, emphasizing the misdiagnosis and its impact on the family. The article calls for more detailed medical research and suggests the need for enhanced clinical training.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Karri Kaivola, Zalak Shah, Ruth Chia, Sonja W. Scholz
Summary: The GBA gene is associated with risk for dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) in patients without the APOE ε4 allele, while the APOE ε4 allele is associated with DLB co-pathology with Alzheimer's disease. APOE ε4 is not an independent driver of alpha-synuclein pathology in pure DLB, but GBA plays a significant role in the pure DLB subgroup.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Toji Miyagawa, Scott A. Przybelski, Daniela Maltais, Hoon-Ki Min, Lennon Jordan, Timothy G. Lesnick, Qin Chen, Jonathan Graff-Radford, David Jones, Rodolfo Savica, David Knopman, Ronald Petersen, Walter K. Kremers, Leah K. Forsberg, Julie A. Fields, Tanis J. Ferman, Laura Allen, Joseph Parisi, R. Ross Reichard, Melissa Murray, Dennis Dickson, Bradley F. Boeve, Kejal Kantarci, Val J. Lowe
Summary: Multimodal imaging with I-123-FP-CIT SPECT helps differentiate DLBs and ADem, providing additional diagnostic value and detecting complex pathology in patients with DLBs and ADem.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF AGING
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Matthew Ingram, Sean J. Colloby, Michael J. Firbank, Jim J. Lloyd, John T. O'Brien, John-Paul Taylor
Summary: In this study, the diagnostic characteristics of spatial covariance analysis (SCA) of FDG-PET and HMPAO-SPECT scans were investigated for the differential diagnosis of dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) and Alzheimer's disease (AD). The results showed that SCA of FDG-PET outperformed that of HMPAO-SPECT and had similar diagnostic performance to other analytical approaches.
PSYCHIATRY RESEARCH-NEUROIMAGING
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Alice Tisserand, Benjamin Cretin, Mary Mondino, Anne Botzung, Lea Sanna, Catherine Demuynck, Pierre Anthony, Candice Muller, Olivier Bousiges, Nathalie Philippi, Frederic Blanc
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the association between photophobia and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB). The study found that photophobia was more frequent in DLB patients and was associated with decreased gray matter in the right precentral cortex and the eyelid motor region. This finding is important for understanding the pathological mechanism of DLB.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Niels Hansen, Claudia Lange, Charles Timaeus, Jens Wiltfang, Caroline Bouter
Summary: The study found that 55% of patients with positive 123I-FP-CIT SPECT and probable DLB exhibited psychiatric features, and there was a significant increase in the number of probable DLB patients with psychiatric symptoms after undergoing 123I-FP-CIT SPECT over a 6-year period. Additionally, there were no phenotypical differences between DLB patients with positive and negative 123I-FP-CIT SPECT.
FRONTIERS IN AGING NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Leonidas Chouliaras, Alan Thomas, Maura Malpetti, Paul Donaghy, Joseph Kane, Elijah Mak, George Savulich, Maria A. Prats-Sedano, Amanda J. Heslegrave, Henrik Zetterberg, Li Su, James Benedict Rowe, John Tiernan O'Brien
Summary: This study compared plasma biomarkers for neurodegenerative diseases in different patient groups and found that p-tau181 was elevated in MCI+AD patients with high accuracy in differentiating between different types of dementia. NfL was elevated in all dementia groups, while GFAP was elevated in MCI+AD and LBD.
JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY NEUROSURGERY AND PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Melissa J. Armstrong
Summary: Dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) is a specific presentation of a pathological alpha-synucleinopathy, with recent advances including updated diagnostic criteria and recognition of prodromal states. Research shows common co-occurrence of Alzheimer's disease pathology in individuals with DLB, impacting biomarker use and progression. Identifying biomarkers and effective therapies remain key areas of focus for future research in DLB.
THERAPEUTIC ADVANCES IN NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Augoustos Tsamourgelis, Peter Swann, Leonidas Chouliaras, John T. O'Brien
Summary: Dementia with Lewy Bodies (DLB) is the second most common neurodegenerative dementia. Proteomics has revealed protein dysregulation in the brain and peripheral tissues in DLB, which shares common features with other dementias but also has unique protein signatures. Identifying novel protein targets and diagnostic biomarkers could lead to new therapeutics and improved clinical trials for DLB.
AGEING RESEARCH REVIEWS
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Xudong Li, Miaoxin Shen, Ziling Han, Jinsong Jiao, Xiaopeng Tong
Summary: The gesture imitation test is a valuable tool for detecting DLB and differentiating DLB from ADD, especially in Items 1 and 4.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Yueyi Yu, Xinyi Xia, Xiaosheng Meng, Dan Li, Qi Qin
Summary: This study investigated the feasibility of using plasma p-tau181 and A beta(42) as potential biomarkers to differentiate AD and DLB. The results showed that plasma p-tau181 was significantly lower in DLB than in AD and healthy controls, while plasma A beta(42) was significantly higher in DLB than in AD but lower than in healthy controls. Both plasma biomarkers showed good accuracy in distinguishing DLB from healthy controls, while A beta(42) had better accuracy than p-tau181 in discriminating DLB from AD. These findings confirm the high diagnostic value of plasma p-tau181 and A beta(42) for distinguishing patients with DLB from healthy controls.
JOURNAL OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Yu-Ching Ni, Fan-Pin Tseng, Ming-Chyi Pai, Ing-Tsung Hsiao, Kun-Ju Lin, Zhi-Kun Lin, Chia-Yu Lin, Pai-Yi Chiu, Guang-Uei Hung, Chiung-Chih Chang, Ya-Ting Chang, Keh-Shih Chuang
Summary: The study utilized Tc-99m-ECD SPECT imaging and deep learning technology to differentiate between Alzheimer's disease and Lewy body dementia, demonstrating relatively high accuracy and AUC values. By using transfer learning and model simplification, it enhanced the accuracy of predictions, potentially enabling rapid disease classification in general clinics.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Jack L. Jennings, Luis R. Peraza, Mark Baker, Kai Alter, John-Paul Taylor, Roman Bauer
Summary: The combination of both closed eyes (EC) and open eyes (EO) quantitative EEG features improves overall classification accuracy when diagnosing dementia types in older adults. Additionally, healthy controls show a distinct change in dominant frequency variance between EC and EO states.
ALZHEIMERS RESEARCH & THERAPY
(2022)
Article
Psychiatry
Sarah Richardson, Rachael A. Lawson, Annabel Price, John-Paul Taylor
Summary: This article describes the challenges in clinical diagnosis and management of Lewy body disease (LBD) and delirium. Distinguishing delirium from LBD is particularly challenging as they share common clinical characteristics. The under and over diagnosis of delirium, as well as the under and over treatment of symptoms, can compromise the care and safety of individuals with LBD. Clinicians currently have a limited set of evidence-based management options for delirium in the context of an LBD diagnosis.
ACTA PSYCHIATRICA SCANDINAVICA
(2023)
Review
Psychiatry
Mark J. Rapoport, Justin Nathaniel Chee, Thadshagini Prabha, Jamie Dow, Ian Gillespie, Sjaan Koppel, Judith L. Charlton, Desmond O'Neill, Paul C. Donaghy, Angela Onkay Ho, John-Paul Taylor, Mark Tant
Summary: This systematic review examined the risk of motor vehicle crashes (MVCs) for drivers with psychiatric disorders. The findings showed that 15 studies reported an increased risk of MVC associated with psychiatric disorders, while 9 studies did not find such an association. However, the available evidence is of mixed quality and does not support a blanket restriction on all drivers with psychiatric disorders. Therefore, an individualized approach is still recommended for managing this issue.
CANADIAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY-REVUE CANADIENNE DE PSYCHIATRIE
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Daniel J. Tozer, Robin B. Brown, Jessica Walsh, Young T. Hong, Guy B. Williams, John T. O'Brien, Franklin I. Aigbirhio, Tim D. Fryer, Hugh S. Markus
Summary: Recent studies have found evidence of increased microglial activation, indicating inflammation, in cerebral small vessel disease. However, it is unclear whether these areas of neuroinflammation progress to tissue damage. This study showed that white matter destined to become white matter hyperintensities already exhibited signs of altered inflammation at baseline.
Review
Clinical Neurology
John T. O'Brien, Leonidas Chouliaras, Janet Sultana, John-Paul Taylor, Clive Ballard
Summary: Drug repositioning and repurposing have proven effective in discovering new treatments for diseases, including Lewy body dementia. In this study, several promising compounds were reviewed and prioritized through an International Delphi consensus study. Ambroxol emerged as the top-ranked repurposed agent, and six additional agents were identified as worthy of clinical trials. Phase II or III clinical trials for these compounds in Lewy body dementia are now recommended.
ALZHEIMERS RESEARCH & THERAPY
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Paul C. C. Donaghy, Calum Hamilton, Rory Durcan, Sarah Lawley, Sally Barker, Joanna Ciafone, Nicola Barnett, Kirsty Olsen, Michael Firbank, Gemma Roberts, Jim Lloyd, Louise M. M. Allan, Ranjan Saha, Ian G. G. McKeith, John T. T. O'Brien, John-Paul Taylor, Alan J. J. Thomas
Summary: Through the investigation of patients with mild cognitive impairment with Lewy bodies (MCI-LB), it was found that MCI-LB patients have more symptoms, and a 10-point symptom scale can effectively differentiate MCI-LB and MCI-AD. These findings are important for clinicians to diagnose and treat MCI.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Anne D. Kershenbaum, Annabel C. Price, Rudolf N. Cardinal, Shanquan Chen, James M. Fitzgerald, Jonathan Lewis, Sinead Moylett, John T. O'Brien
Summary: Previous studies have shown reduced survival in Lewy body dementia (LBD) compared to Alzheimer's disease (AD), but the reasons for this are not known. This study aimed to identify cause of death categories accounting for the reduced survival in LBD. The findings indicated that PDD and DLB patients had higher hazard ratios for death compared to AD patients.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GERIATRIC PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Michael J. Firbank, Daniel Collerton, Katrina daSilva Morgan, Julia Schumacher, Paul C. Donaghy, John T. O'Brien, Alan Thomas, John-Paul Taylor
Summary: Our research findings further support the presence of dysfunctional connectivity in the visual and attentional networks in individuals with LBD and visual hallucinations.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Leonidas Chouliaras, John T. O'Brien
Summary: Dementia is a major cause of disability and death worldwide, with no disease modifying treatment available for common types such as Alzheimer's disease, Vascular dementia, Lewy Body Dementia, and Frontotemporal dementia. Early and accurate diagnosis of dementia subtype is crucial for improving clinical care and developing better treatments. Structural and molecular imaging methods, particularly multimodal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and positron emission tomography imaging (PET), have provided insight into the pathophysiology of neurodegenerative dementias and are increasingly being used for early and accurate diagnosis. However, there are still gaps in imaging tracers for certain protein abnormalities, and more extensive diagnostic imaging studies are needed.
MOLECULAR PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Rory Durcan, Gemma Roberts, Calum A. Hamilton, Paul C. Donaghy, Kim Howe, Sean J. Colloby, Louise M. Allan, Michael Firbank, Sarah Lawley, George S. Petrides, Jim J. Lloyd, John-Paul Taylor, John T. O'Brien, Alan J. Thomas
Summary: This study aimed to investigate whether repeat 123[I]-N-(3-fluoropropyl)-2 β-carboxymethoxy-3 β-(4-iodophenyl) nortropane (FP-CIT) single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) can identify progressive dopaminergic loss in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) with Lewy bodies (MCI-LB). The results showed that progressive dopaminergic loss in the striatum is detectable using 123[I]-FP-CIT SPECT in MCI-LB at a group level. However, individual change in striatal 123[I]-FP-CIT uptake seems to be of limited diagnostic value in clinical practice.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Laura M. Wright, Paul C. Donaghy, David J. Burn, John -Paul Taylor, John T. O'Brien, Alison J. Yarnall, Fiona E. Matthews, Michael J. Firbank, Alan J. Thomas, Rachael A. Lawson
Summary: There is a limited longitudinal relationship between neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) and cognitive decline in prodromal Lewy body dementias (LBD). Core neuropsychiatric symptoms are not strongly associated with cognition, suggesting different underlying neuropathological mechanisms.
PARKINSONISM & RELATED DISORDERS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Silvia De Francesco, Claudio Crema, Damiano Archetti, Cristina Muscio, Robert I. Reid, Anna Nigri, Maria Grazia Bruzzone, Fabrizio Tagliavini, Raffaele Lodi, Egidio D'Angelo, Brad Boeve, Kejal Kantarci, Michael Firbank, John-Paul Taylor, Pietro Tiraboschi, Alberto Redolfi
Summary: This study developed and interpreted a machine learning algorithm for differential diagnosis of different types of dementia. The algorithm achieved good performance by using clinical and MRI information, and has the potential to assist physicians in clinical diagnosis.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Weijie Huang, Jianmin Zeng, Lina Jia, Dajiang Zhu, John O'Brien, Craig Ritchie, Ni Shu, Li Su
Summary: Genetic risk factors such as APOE ε4 and MAPT A allele are associated with changes in amyloid and tau pathways and cortical morphology in young healthy adults. Machine learning models showed that using all cortical features could accurately classify individuals with genetic risks of dementia. APOE ε4 carriers exhibited a more convoluted and thinner cortex across the cerebral cortex, while MAPT A allele carriers showed similar patterns in regions vulnerable to early tau pathology. There was a synergetic effect between APOE ε4 and MAPT A allele, with carriers of both risk factors showing the most deviation from the typical cortical pattern.
BRAIN COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Maria-Eleni Dounavi, Audrey Low, Graciela Muniz-Terrera, Karen Ritchie, Craig W. Ritchie, Li Su, Hugh S. Markus, John T. O'Brien
Summary: In healthy midlife adults, Dounavi and Low demonstrate that fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) MRI textural measures emerging from white matter hyperintensities (WMHs) and normal appearing white matter, related to WMH volume, reaction time and dementia risk. The observed associations suggest that FLAIR textural analysis might capture subtle white matter microstructural alterations.
BRAIN COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
