Review
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Josef L. Ranner, Sabrina Schalk, Cindy Martyniak, Martin Parniske, Caroline Gutjahr, Timo D. Stark, Corinna Dawid
Summary: This article provides an overview of the primary and secondary metabolites identified in Lotus japonicus to date. More than 600 metabolites are grouped into compound classes such as polyphenols, carbohydrates, organic acids and phosphates, lipids, amino acids, nitrogenous compounds, phytohormones, and additional defense compounds. Their physiological effects are briefly discussed, and the detection methods are explained. This review of the exisiting literature on Lotus japonicus metabolites provides a valuable basis for future metabolomics studies.
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Shijie Shi, Yingying Ma, Dan Zhao, Lina Li, Cougui Cao, Yang Jiang
Summary: Nitrogen fertilizer application is crucial for improving rice yields, but excessive use can reduce rice taste quality. This study analyzed the effects of nitrogen fertilizer levels on two rice varieties, revealing that high nitrogen levels alter amino acid and protein content in rice, impacting starch gelatinization and taste quality. Different rice varieties showed varying responses to nitrogen fertilizers, with potential implications for future efforts to improve rice taste quality.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Wenliang Wu, Jiang Shi, Jiqiang Jin, Zhen Liu, Yong Yuan, Zhida Chen, Shuguang Zhang, Weidong Dai, Zhi Lin
Summary: This study investigates the differences in primary and secondary metabolites and related metabolic pathways in different tissues of Jianghua Kucha. The bud showed higher levels of glucose-6-phosphate, citric acid, most amino acids, theobromine, catechin-gallate, epicatechin-gallate, procyanidins, and theasinensins. The 1st leaf contained higher levels of caffeine and epigallocatechin-3-gallate, while the 4th leaf contained higher levels of most monosaccharides, theacrine, and epigallocatechin-3-O-(3-O-methyl)-gallate. Primary metabolites and important secondary metabolites were found to have certain correlations.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2023)
Review
Agronomy
Ana Bendejacq-Seychelles, Stephanie Gibot-Leclerc, Jean-Philippe Guillemin, Gregory Mouille, Christian Steinberg
Summary: This study discusses the diversity of fungal secondary metabolites that are phytotoxic to weeds and the methods commonly used to extract, characterize, identify and exploit them for weed management. The 183 phytotoxic fungal secondary metabolites identified in this review have different toxic effects on plants, including inhibition of germination, root and vegetative growth, and tissue and organ alterations. The biochemical characterization of these metabolites requires specialized knowledge and tools, as well as toxicity tests and effectiveness evaluations in laboratory and field conditions.
PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Villayat Ali, Aatif Rashid, Dinesh Kumar, Dhiraj Vyas
Summary: Lepidium latifolium L. is a phytofood in the Ladakh Himalayas with varying glucosinolates content during different growth stages. A mass spectrometry-based metabolomic analysis was conducted to explore its nutritional potential. A total of 318 metabolites were detected, among which 229 showed significant changes during different stages. The analysis clearly distinguished three clusters representing different growth stages. The first cluster, consisting of 1st, 2nd, and 3rd week sprouts, exhibited higher levels of important nutrients such as amino acids, sugars, organic acids, and fatty acids.
Review
Food Science & Technology
Sumei Hu, Caiyu Liu, Xinqi Liu
Summary: This paper briefly introduces the process of metabolomics analysis and its application in the study of bioactive ingredients in food. Metabolomics provides a new approach for the prevention and regulation of chronic diseases and supports the development of functional food or drugs.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Leng Huat Foo, Ying Jing Tan
Summary: This study aimed to assess the type and quality of food and beverages sold in school canteens in public primary and secondary schools in Kelantan, Malaysia. The results showed a wide variety of food items sold, with a high proportion of sugary foods and beverages. Despite existing guidelines, many unhealthy food items are being sold in school canteens, indicating the need for interventions to promote healthy food choices among school-aged children.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Qiangqiang Xiong, Changhui Sun, Runnan Wang, Ruizhi Wang, Xiaoyu Wang, Yu Zhang, Jinyan Zhu
Summary: In this study, the quality of three conventional japonica varieties was determined and the metabolites related to rice quality were investigated. The results showed differences in taste value and protein content among the varieties. Differential metabolites were identified between the varieties, and amino acid metabolism pathway was found to be important in rice quality formation. Key metabolites in the synthesis and regulation of metabolic pathways were identified. Sucrose, levan, amylose, L-glutamine, L-aspartic acid, and L-asparagine were suggested to be the key metabolites in the quality formation of high-quality rice varieties.
CURRENT ISSUES IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Jiuliang Xu, Jiahui Zhong, Baozhen Zhang, Xuexian Li
Summary: The study demonstrates the superior quality of a type of green rice popular in China, with significantly better results in terms of thousand kernel weight, chemical composition, heavy metal levels, etc., compared to conventional rice.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Martha Lucia Diaz, Karl Burgess, Richard Burchmore, Maria Adelaida Gomez, Sergio Alejandro Gomez-Ochoa, Luis Eduardo Echeverria, Carlos Morillo, Clara Isabel Gonzalez
Summary: This exploratory study used metabolomic profiling to investigate the underlying pathogenic mechanisms in the failing myocardium of patients with end-stage heart failure secondary to chronic Chagas cardiomyopathy (CCC). The results revealed altered metabolite profiles associated with energy deficit, changes in substrate availability, and increased production of reactive oxygen species in the affected myocardium.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Ecology
Moriah Sandy, Tina I. Bui, Kenia Segura Aba, Nestor Ruiz, John Paszalek, Elise W. Connor, Christine V. Hawkes
Summary: The chemical interactions between fungal endophytes and plant leaves are likely to be the key mechanism affecting plant phenotypic traits. This study found that multiple fungal strains share functional similarities in their effects on plant growth and physiology under unstressed conditions. Plant metabolomics profiles were correlated with fungal treatments, and specific metabolites were associated with plant trait variation. These findings have implications for the development of metabolites as crop management tools.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Yujin Kang, Bo Mi Lee, Eun Mi Lee, Chang-Ho Kim, Jeong-Ah Seo, Hyung-Kyoon Choi, Young-Suk Kim, Do Yup Lee
Summary: This study systematically delineated the rice metabolome to investigate the comparative features between brown and white rice, variety-specific composition, and region-dependent metabolic content. The researchers found exclusive enrichment of compounds in brown rice compared to white rice, as well as variety-governed metabolic phenotypes among different geo-environmental factors. Furthermore, they proposed a possible linkage of region-specific metabolic signatures to soil texture and total rainfall, and highlighted the potential for microbe-host interactions to influence crop metabolites.
Review
Biology
Uzma Salam, Shakir Ullah, Zhong-Hua Tang, Ahmed A. Elateeq, Yaseen Khan, Jafar Khan, Asif Khan, Sajid Ali
Summary: Several abiotic factors, such as drought, salinity, cold, heat, ultraviolet radiations, reactive oxygen species, trace metals, and soil pH, have a destructive impact on crop yield. These factors induce physiological and biochemical changes in plants and stimulate multi-gene responses, altering the accumulation of primary and secondary metabolites. Metabolomics plays a crucial role in interpreting plant stress tolerance, with primary metabolites serving as osmolytes and osmoprotectants, and secondary metabolites acting as defenses against biotic factors and enhancing resistance against abiotic factors.
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Wei-Feng Hu, Luo Niu, Xin-Jing Yue, Le-Le Zhu, Wei Hu, Yue-Zhong Li, Changsheng Wu
Summary: Genome mining revealed that myxobacteria contain numerous cryptic biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs). By characterizing a panel of myxobacterial promoters with different strengths, they were successfully applied in the engineering of BGCs to enhance compound expression. Combining promoter engineering and MS2-based spectral networking, previously overlooked chemical structures were elucidated, significantly expanding the synthetic biology toolkit available for myxobacteria.
ACS SYNTHETIC BIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Food Science & Technology
Mariana C. Pedrosa, Laires Lima, Sandrina Heleno, Marcio Carocho, Isabel C. F. R. Ferreira, Lillian Barros
Summary: Secondary metabolites play an important role in qualitative and authentication of foods, helping to prevent food adulteration and fraud, and also contributing to understanding the nutritional value of foods.Analytical chemistry and metabolomics offer valuable perspectives for metabolite detection and analysis in food industry.