Journal
JOURNAL OF CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR MEDICINE
Volume 16, Issue 11, Pages 2592-2610Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/j.1582-4934.2012.01607.x
Keywords
SV40 large T antigen; neuronal progenitors; dopaminergic neurons; Parkinson's disease; immortalized cell lines; stem cells; transplantation
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Transplantation is common in clinical practice where there is availability of the tissue and organ. In the case of neurodegenerative disease such as Parkinson's disease (PD), transplantation is not possible as a result of the non-availability of tissue or organ and therefore, cell therapy is an innovation in clinical practice. However, the availability of neuronal cells for transplantation is very limited. Alternatively, immortalized neuronal progenitors could be used in treating PD. The neuronal progenitor cells can be differentiated into dopaminergic phenotype. Here in this article, the current understanding of the molecular mechanisms involved in the differentiation of dopaminergic phenotype from the neuronal progenitors immortalized with SV40 LT antigen is discussed. In addition, the methods of generating dopaminergic neurons from progenitor cells and the factors that govern their differentiation are elaborated. Recent advances in cell-therapy based transplantation in PD patients and future prospects are discussed.
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