Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Tingting Fang, Congcong Ma, Zhanming Zhang, Luning Sun, Ningning Zheng
Summary: Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease characterized by insulin deficiency and chronic hyperglycemia, leading to a variety of complications. The pathogenesis of diabetes and its complications involves excessive production of reactive oxygen species and metabolic imbalance. The Hypoxia-inducible Factor (HIF) signaling pathway plays a crucial role in these processes. Roxadustat, an activator of HIF-1 alpha, regulates metabolic stability in hypoxic conditions by activating downstream signaling pathways. This review summarizes the research on the therapeutic effects of Roxadustat on cardiomyopathy, nephropathy, retinal damage, and impaired wound healing in diabetes, aiming to provide insights for further research on diabetic complications treatment.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Xinqian Geng, Zheng Li, Ying Yang
Summary: This article summarizes recent progress in the epitranscriptomics involved in diabetes and diabetes-related complications. Understanding the molecular basis of RNA modifications can provide a new perspective for the pathogenesis of diabetes and the discovery of new therapeutic targets.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Pranali B. Yeram, Yogesh A. Kulkarni
Summary: Diabetes is associated with various complications, and the use of glycosides has shown potential in the prevention and treatment of these complications.
CHEMISTRY & BIODIVERSITY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ainaz Mihanfar, Maryam Akbarzadeh, Saber Ghazizadeh Darband, Shirin Sadighparvar, Maryam Majidinia
Summary: SIRT1, an NAD + dependent protein deacetylase, plays a critical role in regulating glucose/lipid metabolism, insulin resistance, and other processes. Activators of SIRT1 have shown beneficial effects in treating T2DM-related complications, indicating its therapeutic potential in combating T2DM.
ARCHIVES OF PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY
(2021)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Xinyang Guo, Yiqiao Xing, Wei Jin
Summary: Diabetic microangiopathy is a common and severe problem in diabetics, and it includes diabetic retinopathy, nephropathy, neuropathy, and cardiomyopathy. Asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), an endogenous inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase (NOS), is significantly elevated in patients with type 2 diabetes and microvascular complications. ADMA promotes the occurrence and progression of microvascular complications in type 2 diabetes through influencing endothelial cell function, oxidative stress damage, inflammation, and fibrosis. This review paper explores the association between ADMA and microvascular complications of diabetes, and provides new insights and potential treatment options.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Physiology
Nihal Satyadev, Milagros I. Rivera, Nicole K. Nikolov, Adegbenro O. J. Fakoya
Summary: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a prevalent metabolic disorder. Exosomes, small extracellular vesicles released by cells, have been identified as important contributors to the pathogenesis of T2DM and its complications. This review explores the potential of exosomes as biomarkers and therapeutic targets for T2DM and discusses their role in various complications.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Wenli Liu, Duo Zhang, Ruobing Wang, Junhui Chen, Jiaqi Zhang, Di Tao, Chaonan Liu
Summary: The burden of chronic kidney disease attributable to type 2 diabetes showed an increasing trend globally from 1990 to 2019. The burden was highest in the middle sociodemographic index region and lowest in the low index region. Age effects increased with age and peaked at 75-79 years for incidence and 80-84 years for prevalence. Period relative risks increased, with the high index region showing the most remarkable increase in disability-adjusted life years and mortality, and the middle index region showing the most notable increase in incidence. Cohort relative risks showed unfavorable trends in incidence and prevalence among recent cohorts.
DIABETES OBESITY & METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Sjoukje van der Hoek, Douwe J. Mulder, Antoon T. M. Willemsen, Ton Visser, Andre Heeres, Riemer H. J. A. Slart, Philip H. Elsinga, Hiddo J. L. Heerspink, Jasper Stevens
Summary: This study reveals a relationship among interindividual differences in plasma exposure, kidney tissue distribution, angiotensin-1 receptor occupancy, and urinary-albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR) response after telmisartan administration.
CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS
(2022)
Review
Medical Laboratory Technology
Zhaohui Cao, Di Huang, Cifei Tang, Yang Lu, Shuangxiang Huang, Cuiying Peng, Xiaobo Hu
Summary: This mini-review discusses the molecular mechanisms of inflammasome activation and pyroptosis, highlighting their crucial role in diabetic nephropathy (DN). Natural plant compounds show therapeutic potential in regulating inflammasomes and pyroptosis.
CLINICA CHIMICA ACTA
(2022)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Wunna Wunna, Jovanna Tsoutsouki, Aisha Chowdhury, Tahseen Ahmad Chowdhury
Summary: Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune condition that affects a significant number of people worldwide, with higher prevalence in white European populations. It leads to a high burden of microvascular complications and major psychosocial impacts on patients, requiring lifelong blood glucose monitoring and insulin injections. Recent technological advances in glucose testing devices and insulin delivery devices aim to improve quality of life and glucose management in this condition.
POSTGRADUATE MEDICAL JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Manjiri P. P. Jalgaonkar, Urvi M. M. Parmar, Yogesh A. A. Kulkarni, Manisha J. J. Oza
Summary: The prevalence of diabetes is increasing, leading to microvascular and macrovascular complications. The interaction between SIRT1 and FOXOs plays an important role in controlling and alleviating diabetic complications, suggesting them as potential therapeutic targets.
PHARMACOLOGICAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Filippos Triposkiadis, Andrew Xanthopoulos, Alexandra Bargiota, Takeshi Kitai, Niki Katsiki, Dimitrios Farmakis, John Skoularigis, Randall C. Starling, Efstathios Iliodromitis
Summary: Diabetes mellitus is a major risk factor for new-onset heart failure, and vice versa. The pathogenesis of heart failure in diabetes is complex, involving toxic cardiovascular effects of hyperglycemia and metabolic abnormalities. The development of new-onset diabetes in heart failure patients, known as cardiogenic diabetes, is common and often related to insulin resistance.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hai-Jian Sun, Si-Ping Xiong, Zi-Chao Wang, Xiao-Wei Nie, Jin-Song Bian
Summary: Diabetes and its complications pose a significant health problem globally, with conventional treatments limited due to their undesirable side effects. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) has been shown to play a critical role in regulating metabolism, pancreatic beta cell functions, and diabetic complications.
ANTIOXIDANTS & REDOX SIGNALING
(2023)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Rosario Suarez, Sebastian P. Chapela, Ludwig Alvarez-Cordova, Estefania Bautista-Valarezo, Yoredy Sarmiento-Andrade, Ludovica Verde, Evelyn Frias-Toral, Gerardo Sarno
Summary: A long-term complication of obesity is the development of type 2 diabetes (T2D), which involves epigenetic modifications. Epigenetics refers to post-transcriptional modifications of DNA or associated factors that influence gene expression. The epigenetic modifications involved in T2D include DNA methylation, acetylation, ubiquitylation, SUMOylation, and phosphorylation. These modifications have been observed in various tissues and are also found in chronic complications of T2D. A new drug, apabetalone, which targets epigenetic readers, is being studied as a potential treatment for T2D and its cardiovascular complications.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Faheem, Shanthi Sivasubrmanian
Summary: mTOR regulates cellular homeostasis by integrating various factors and is involved in diseases/disorders such as cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, and diabetes mellitus and its complications. Recent studies have highlighted the role of mTOR in diabetes and its associated complications. This review explores the role of mTOR signaling in diabetes mellitus and its complications (diabetic cardiomyopathy, diabetic nephropathy, and diabetic retinopathy) and emphasizes mTOR as a potential target for the development of novel anti-diabetic drugs.
CURRENT MOLECULAR PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)