Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lindsey A. Miles, Lina Ny, Malgorzata Wilczynska, Yue Shen, Tor Ny, Robert J. Parmer
Summary: The role of plasminogen receptors on cell surfaces in promoting fibrinolysis is well recognized, with these receptors shown to regulate fibrin surveillance in addition to plasminogen directly bound to fibrin. Data from murine models predominantly demonstrate the ability of specific plasminogen receptors on eukaryotic cells to promote fibrinolysis in vivo. The roles of distinct plasminogen receptors in intravascular fibrinolysis, immune cell recruitment in the inflammatory response, wound healing, and lactational development are discussed.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Filomena Napolitano, Nunzia Montuori
Summary: This study discusses the role of platelets in fibrinolysis, highlighting their profibrinolytic properties through the involvement of components in the Plasminogen Activation System (PAS). The findings suggest that while antifibrinolytic effects prevail in the initial phase of hemostasis, platelets may enhance fibrinolysis at later stages through engagement with PAS components. Understanding the spatial and temporal characteristics of platelet-mediated fibrinolysis could lead to improved therapeutic options for bleeding and thrombotic disorders.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Robert L. Medcalf, Charithani B. Keragala
Summary: The fibrinolytic system, led by the protease plasmin, plays a crucial role in removing fibrin deposits and blood clots, as well as modulating immune cell behavior and pathogen defense mechanisms. Phylogenetic studies suggest that plasmin may have originated as an immune-modifying protease before evolving to its fibrin-removing capacity.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Erzsebet Komorowicz, Veronika J. Farkas, Laszlo Szabo, Sophie Cherrington, Craig Thelwell, Krasimir Kolev
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the combined effects of major components of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) on the structure, mechanical and lytic stability of Staphylocoagulase (SCG) and prothrombin (SCG/ProT)-induced clots. The results showed that DNA and histones promoted the formation of heterogeneous and porous clots, but had no effect on the mechanical stability of the clots. DNA-histone complexes prolonged clot lysis and made them more resistant to embolization.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Hematology
Ze Zheng, Liliya Mukhametova, Michael B. Boffa, Ernest E. Moore, Alisa S. Wolberg, Tetsumei Urano, Paul Y. Kim
Summary: Fibrinolysis is a series of enzymatic reactions that degrade insoluble fibrin. The quantity and quality of fibrinolytic enzymes, their inhibitors, and clot structure determine overall fibrinolysis. Various assays can be used to measure fibrinolysis activity and potential, but interpreting the data and understanding the contributions of individual components can be challenging due to temporal changes and complex terminology. This review aims to summarize these assays, aid data interpretation, and provide an overview of their strengths and limitations.
JOURNAL OF THROMBOSIS AND HAEMOSTASIS
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Christine Lodberg Hvas, Julie Brogaard Larsen
Summary: The fibrinolytic system plays a crucial role in maintaining the haemostatic balance, but accurate diagnosis and effective treatment of fibrinolytic disorders remain challenging in clinical practice, indicating a need for further research.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Emanuela Palomba, Pasquale Chiaiese, Pasquale Termolino, Rosa Paparo, Edgardo Filippone, Stefano Mazzoleni, Maria Luisa Chiusano
Summary: The role of extracellular DNA (exDNA) in soil and aquatic environments was discussed in this study. It was found that self-exDNA has an inhibitory effect on the growth of microalgae, while nonself-exDNA does not. This is the first evidence provided for aquatic species.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Md Mehedi Hassan, Shirina Sharmin, Hyeon-Jin Kim, Seong-Tshool Hong
Summary: HtrA1 and HtrA2/Omi proteins have been identified as plasmin-independent and highly specific thrombolytics that can dissolve intravascular thrombi specifically without causing bleeding risk. This study provides HtrA1 and HtrA2/Omi as ideal therapeutic candidates for various thrombotic diseases without hemorrhagic complications.
CIRCULATION RESEARCH
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Laurent Plawinski, Audrey Cras, Jose Rubicel Hernandez Lopez, Aurora de la Pena, Angeline Van der Heyden, Catherine Belle, Florence Toti, Eduardo Angles-Cano
Summary: Several stressors and inflammatory mediators released during inflammation or ischemia can activate cells in the blood, vessel walls, or tissues. The activation of cells leads to the immediate expression or release of bioactive molecules and the release of microvesicles. This article focuses on the mechanism of plasminogen reception and activation on the surface of cell-derived microvesicles and their role in fibrinolysis and proteolysis. The involvement of microvesicles in pathological processes like inflammation, atherosclerosis, angiogenesis, and tumor growth needs further investigation to understand their contribution to balanced hemostasis and vascular patency.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Fangke Xie, Qiang Tan, Anyong Yu, Peiwen Guo, Ling Wang, Zongwei Zeng, Liang Liang, Jishu Xian, Hua Feng, Zhi Chen
Summary: The presence of cfDNA in clots was observed shortly after intraventricular hemorrhage, and it was found to impair the fibrinolysis effects of tPA. Degradation of cfDNA by DNase1 enhanced fibrinolysis and improved functional outcomes, suggesting that targeting cfDNA degradation may be a promising approach to treat intraventricular hemorrhage.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSURGERY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Claire S. Whyte, Hadj Ahmed. Mostefai, Kim M. Baeten, Andrew J. Lucking, David E. Newby, Nuala A. Booth, Nicola J. Mutch
Summary: The resolution of arterial thrombi relies on the endogenous fibrinolytic system. tPA primarily localizes to the thrombus head in a free and active form. Thrombi formed under high shear conditions are more resistant to fibrinolysis due to less tPA and increased PAI-1 concentrations.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Hematology
Dante Disharoon, Brian G. Trewyn, Paco S. Herson, David W. M. Marr, Keith B. Neeves
Summary: This study developed a platform for co-delivering tPA and plasminogen using microwheels to accelerate clot lysis, surpassing the biochemical speed limit through corkscrew motion. The results demonstrated significant efficacy in lysing plasma clots with this approach.
JOURNAL OF THROMBOSIS AND HAEMOSTASIS
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Heather A. Cole, Stephanie N. Moore-Lotridge, Gregory D. Hawley, Richard Jacobson, Masato Yuasa, Leslie Gewin, Jeffry S. Nyman, Matthew J. Flick, Jonathan G. Schoenecker
Summary: Chronic diseases in growing children, such as autoimmune disorders, obesity, and cancer, can lead to musculoskeletal growth disturbances and osteoporosis, potentially caused by chronic inflammation. Fibrinolysis through plasmin plays a crucial role in skeletal growth and maintenance by reducing inflammation and preserving vasculature.
FRONTIERS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Dorota Satala, Aneta Bednarek, Andrzej Kozik, Maria Rapala-Kozik, Justyna Karkowska-Kuleta
Summary: The development of infections caused by pathogenic bacteria is closely related to the specific properties of the bacterial cell surface and extracellular hydrolytic activity, as well as the hijacking of host proteolytic cascades by pathogens. This review focuses on the mechanisms of bacterial impact on host plasminogen, including cell surface exposition of various proteins, binding of this host (pro)enzyme and its activators or inhibitors, and the exploitation of fibrinolytic system activation tactics by different bacterial species. The involvement of bacterial factors in modulating plasminogen activation and fibrinolysis during periodontitis is also described.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Hyun Jung Ji, Yong Zhi, Ji Hee Lee, Ki Bum Ahn, Ho Seong Seo, Paul M. Sullam
Summary: The expression of bacteriophage lysinSM1 by Streptococcus oralis SF100 is crucial in the pathogenesis of infective endocarditis, as it mediates bacterial binding to fibrinogen. LysinSM1 binds to the C-terminal region of fibrinogen A alpha and inhibits plasminogen binding and fibrinolysis, which may promote bacterial attachment to damaged cardiac valves while inhibiting clot dissolution.
Article
Physiology
Andrey A. Komissarov, Galina Florova, Ali O. Azghani, Ann Buchanan, William M. Bradley, Chris Schaefer, Kathleen Koenig, Steven Idell
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LUNG CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR PHYSIOLOGY
(2015)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Galina Florova, Ali Azghani, Sophia Karandashova, Chris Schaefer, Kathleen Koenig, Kris Stewart-Evans, Paul J. Declerck, Steven Idell, Andrey A. Komissarov
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
(2015)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Benjamin M. Larimer, Jeanne M. Quinn, Kevin Kramer, Andrey Komissarov, Susan L. Deutscher
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PEPTIDE RESEARCH AND THERAPEUTICS
(2015)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hong-Long Ji, Runzhen Zhao, Andrey A. Komissarov, Yongchang Chang, Yongfeng Liu, Michael A. Matthay
JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY
(2015)
Article
Physiology
Andrey A. Komissarov, Galina Florova, Ali O. Azghani, Ann Buchanan, Jake Boren, Timothy Allen, Najib M. Rahman, Kathleen Koenig, Mignote Chamiso, Sophia Karandashova, James Henry, Steven Idell
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LUNG CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR PHYSIOLOGY
(2016)
Article
Physiology
Galina Florova, Ali O. Azghani, Sophia Karandashova, Chris Schaefer, Serge V. Yarovoi, Paul J. Declerck, Douglas B. Cines, Steven Idell, Andrey A. Komissarov
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LUNG CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR PHYSIOLOGY
(2018)
Review
Physiology
Andrey A. Komissarov, Najib Rahman, Y. C. Gary Lee, Galina Florova, Sreerama Shetty, Richard Idell, Mitsuo Ikebe, Kumuda Das, Torry A. Tucker, Steven Idell
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LUNG CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR PHYSIOLOGY
(2018)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Soraya Hengsawas Surasarang, Sawittree Sahakijpijarn, Galina Florova, Andrey A. Komissarov, Christina L. Nelson, Enkhbaatar Perenlei, Satoshi Fukuda, Marla R. Wolfson, Thomas H. Shaffer, Steven Idell, Robert O. Williams
JOURNAL OF DRUG DELIVERY SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2018)
Article
Physiology
Andrey A. Komissarov, Dorota Stankowska, Agnieszka Krupa, Rafal Fudala, Galina Florova, Jon Florence, Marek Fol, Timothy C. Allen, Steven Idell, Michael A. Matthay, Anna K. Kurdowska
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LUNG CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR PHYSIOLOGY
(2012)
Article
Physiology
Andrey A. Komissarov, Galina Florova, Ali Azghani, Sophia Karandashova, Anna K. Kurdowska, Steven Idell
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LUNG CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR PHYSIOLOGY
(2013)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sophia Karandashova, Galina Florova, Ali O. Azghani, Andrey A. Komissarov, Kathy Koenig, Torry A. Tucker, Timothy C. Allen, Kris Stewart, Amy Tvinnereim, Steven Idell
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
(2013)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Galina Florova, Sophia Karandashova, Paul J. Declerck, Steven Idell, Andrey A. Komissarov
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Soraya Hengsawas Surasarang, Galina Florova, Andrey A. Komissarov, Sreerama Shetty, Steven Idell, Robert O. Williams
DRUG DEVELOPMENT AND INDUSTRIAL PHARMACY
(2018)