Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Eva S. Cobos, Ignacio E. Sanchez, Lucia B. Chemes, Jose C. Martinez, Javier Murciano-Calles
Summary: PDZ domains play a crucial role in cell signaling and cell-cell junctions, being able to recognize various natural targets. The study reveals a basic specificity in each PDZ domain, with host partners mostly being able to bind their corresponding PDZ domain. Additionally, viral ligands show the ability to bind most of the studied PDZ domains, including those not previously described.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Xu Xiao, John Paul Kennelly, Alessandra Ferrari, Bethan L. Clifford, Emily Whang, Yajing Gao, Kevin Qian, Jaspreet Sandhu, Kelsey E. Jarrett, Madelaine C. Brearley-Sholto, Alexander Nguyen, Rohith T. Nagari, Min Sub Lee, Sicheng Zhang, Thomas A. Weston, Stephen G. Young, Steven J. Bensinger, Claudio J. Villanueva, Thomas Q. de Aguiar Q. Vallim, Peter Tontonoz
Summary: Xiao and Kennelly et al. demonstrate that Aster-mediated nonvesicular cholesterol transport in the liver plays a crucial role in regulating lipid homeostasis during fasting and reverse cholesterol transport. They found that Aster-dependent cholesterol transport facilitates cholesteryl ester formation, cholesterol movement into bile, and very low-density lipoprotein production during fasting. Additionally, loss of hepatic Asters impairs cholesterol movement into feces, leading to elevated plasma cholesterol levels and cholesterol accumulation in peripheral tissues during reverse cholesterol transport.
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Alexander Akhmedov, Tatsuya Sawamura, Chu-Huang Chen, Simon Kraler, Daria Vdovenko, Thomas F. Luscher
Summary: LOX-1, as a scavenger receptor, plays a crucial role in the development of atherosclerosis, with implications in various cell types, making it a promising diagnostic and therapeutic target for certain cardiovascular diseases.
EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL
(2021)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Alexander Akhmedov, Tatsuya Sawamura, Chu-Huang Chen, Simon Kraler, Daria Vdovenko, Thomas F. Luescher
Summary: LOX-1, a scavenger receptor that promotes atherosclerotic plaque formation, plays a critical role in the development of cardiovascular diseases. Its expression in various cell types underscores its significance in disease progression, highlighting the potential for LOX-1 as a novel therapeutic target in CVDs prevention and treatment.
EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Menno Hoekstra, Amber B. Ouweneel, Juliet Price, Rick van der Geest, Ronald J. van der Sluis, Janine J. Geerling, Joya E. Nahon, Miranda Van Eck
Summary: SR-BI deficiency in mice fed a high-fat diet was associated with increased weight gain but better glucose handling. Only SR-BI knockout mice developed atherosclerotic lesions in the aortic root, while showing decreased hepatic steatosis.
JOURNAL OF NUTRITIONAL BIOCHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Xiao-Jie Zhao, Liang-Chen Liu, Cui Guo, Wen-Wen Shen, Jia Cao, Fen Du, Dong-Fang Wu, Hong Yu
Summary: The study demonstrated that high-level PON1 improved dysfunctional HDL and alleviated the development of atherosclerosis in Scarb1(-/-) mice. It is suggested that PON1 represents a promising target for HDL-based therapeutic strategy in HDL-related atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease.
ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Irene Gracia-Rubio, Cesar Martin, Fernando Civeira, Ana Cenarro
Summary: High levels of LDL in plasma drive the initiation and progression of CVD, while HDL is considered anti-atherogenic. SR-B1, as the high-affinity HDL receptor, plays a crucial role in the metabolism of various lipoproteins.
Article
Biology
Simiao Xu, Yangyang Liu, Ruixiang Hu, Min Wang, Oliver Stohr, Yibo Xiong, Liang Chen, Hong Kang, Lingyun Zheng, Songjie Cai, Li He, Cunchuan Wang, Kyle D. Copps, Morris F. White, Ji Miao
Summary: The liver-specific transcriptional co-activator TAZ has been found to play a novel role in inhibiting the glucocorticoid receptor, impacting glucose homeostasis. These findings suggest that TAZ coordinates gluconeogenesis in response to physiological fasting and feeding by inhibiting the transactivation of gluconeogenic genes by GR.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Young-Sun Im, Min-Hee Gwon, Jung-Mi Yun
Summary: PEITC, a naturally occurring isothiocyanate in cruciferous vegetables, has the potential to inhibit foam cell formation and may be a candidate for the treatment and prevention of vascular inflammation and atherosclerosis. It downregulates the expression of key genes related to lipid accumulation and inflammation, while upregulating genes associated with cholesterol efflux.
FOOD SCIENCE & NUTRITION
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Wen Juan Tu, Robert D. McCuaig, Michelle Melino, Daniel J. Rawle, Thuy T. Le, Kexin Yan, Andreas Suhrbier, Rebecca L. Johnston, Lambros T. Koufariotis, Nicola Waddell, Emily M. Cross, Sofiya Tsimbalyuk, Amanda Bain, Elizabeth Ahern, Natasha Collinson, Simon Phipps, Jade K. Forwood, Nabila Seddiki, Sudha Rao
Summary: A novel SARS-CoV-2 viral replication mechanism mediated by interactions between ACE2 and LSD1 has been discovered, and two new peptide inhibitors can competitively inhibit virus-ACE2 interactions to significantly inhibit viral replication. ACE2, in addition to being expressed on the cell membrane, also has a nuclear shuttling domain that can be blocked by a nuclear-specific ACE2 inhibitor, effectively inhibiting viral replication in cells.
Article
Fisheries
Xiaoxian Guo, Yue Liu, Jiaxin Liu, Dongdong Xu, Changfeng Chi, Zhenming Lv, Huihui Liu
Summary: SCARA5, as an important member in SR-As, plays a significant role in the immune process by engulfing apoptotic cells and foreign bodies and inhibiting tumor growth. This study provides further understanding of the regulatory mechanisms in the fish innate immune system for the SR family.
DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Juanjuan Duan, Hong Li, Yu Wang, Yongchao Ji, Chao Chen, Chengqiang Feng, Wensheng Zhang
Summary: This study found that Benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) is a common environmental pollutant that is mainly exposed through diet. Both a high-fat diet (HFD) and BaP can induce atherosclerosis. Unhealthy dietary habits can lead to high intake of both BaP and lipids. However, the combined effect of BaP and HFD on atherosclerosis and lipid accumulation in the arterial wall, the initial stage of atherosclerosis, is still unclear.
ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sergio M. Pontejo, Philip M. Murphy
Summary: Phagocytes are attracted to apoptotic cells through the binding of chemokines to PS on the cell surface; many chemokines have a high affinity for PS and other anionic phospholipids; apoptotic cells down-regulate GAGs and up-regulate PS, allowing PS-bound chemokines to directly activate chemokine receptors on leukocytes.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Eleanna Kaffe, Manolis Roulis, Jun Zhao, Rihao Qu, Esen Sefik, Haris Mirza, Jing Zhou, Yunjiang Zheng, Georgia Charkoftaki, Vasilis Vasiliou, Daniel F. Vatner, Yuval Kluger, Richard A. Flavell
Summary: Metabolic functions of hepatocytes are regulated by non-parenchymal cells in their microenvironment, revealing the importance of microenvironmental regulation in liver metabolism.
Article
Biology
Mark Ultsch, Michael J. Holliday, Stefan Gerhardy, Paul Moran, Suzie J. Scales, Nidhi Gupta, Francesca Oltrabella, Cecilia Chiu, Wayne Fairbrother, Charles Eigenbrot, Daniel Kirchhofer
Summary: The study presents X-ray and NMR structures of the N-terminal domain of closely related innate immunity proteins ApoL1 and ApoL2, revealing differences between them and shedding light on the related functions within the small ApoL family. It also highlights the conformational flexibility and unique features of ApoL1's long helix 5, suggesting a Bcl-2-independent role in cytotoxicity. These findings should facilitate a more comprehensive understanding of the structure and function of the ApoL immune protein family.
COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY
(2021)