Mouse Recombinant Phenylalanine Monooxygenase and the S-Oxygenation of Thioether Substrates

The substrate specificity of mouse recombinant phenylalanine monooxygenase (mPAH) has been investigated with respect to the mucoactive drug, S-carboxymethyl-L-cysteine (SCMC) and its thioether metabolites. Phenylalanine monooxygenase was shown to be able to catalyze the S-oxygenation of SCMC, its decarboxylated metabolite, S-methyl-L-cysteine and both their corresponding N-acetylated forms. However, thiodiglycolic acid was found not to be a substrate. The enzyme profiles for both phenylalanine and SCMC showed Michaelis-Menten with noncompetitive substrate inhibition for both the substrate-activated and the lysophosphatidylcholine-activated mPAH assays. The tetrameric enzyme was shown to undergo posttranslational activation by preincubation with substrate, lysophosphatidylcholine, N-ethylmaleimide (a thiol alkylating agent), and the proteolytic enzymes alpha-chymotrypsin and trypsin. Similar posttranslational activation of PAH activity in the rat and human has also been reported. These results suggest that in the mouse, PAH was responsible for the S-oxidation of SCMC and that the mouse models of the hyperphenylalaninemias may be a potential tool in the investigation of the S-oxidation polymorphism in man. (C) 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 23:119-124,2009; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10:1002/jbt.20274