Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ji Yeong Yang, Jong-Bae Kim, Pyeongjae Lee, Sa-Hyun Kim
Summary: Evodiamine inhibits the growth of H. pylori by downregulating gene expressions related to replication and transcription machineries of the bacteria. Moreover, evodiamine also suppresses urease expression, leading to reduced translocation of CagA and VacA proteins into AGS cells. Additionally, evodiamine inhibits the activation of signaling proteins induced by H. pylori infection, contributing to reduction of IL-8 production in AGS cells.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Kartika Afrida Fauzia, Hafeza Aftab, Muhammad Miftahussurur, Langgeng Agung Waskito, Vo Phuoc Tuan, Ricky Indra Alfaray, Takashi Matsumoto, Michiyuki Yurugi, Phawinee Subsomwong, Evariste Tshibangu Kabamba, Junko Akada, Yoshio Yamaoka
Summary: This study examined the relationship between SNPs and biofilm formation in H. pylori strains from Bangladeshi patients. The results showed that 19.6% of the strains were high-biofilm formers and 81.4% were low-biofilm formers. Analysis of the SNPs in biofilm-related genes revealed a significant association with high-biofilm formation.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ryo Kinoshita-Daitoku, Kotaro Kiga, Masatoshi Miyakoshi, Ryota Otsubo, Yoshitoshi Ogura, Takahito Sanada, Zhu Bo, Tuan Vo Phuoc, Tokuju Okano, Tamako Iida, Rui Yokomori, Eisuke Kuroda, Sayaka Hirukawa, Mototsugu Tanaka, Arpana Sood, Phawinee Subsomwong, Hiroshi Ashida, Tran Thanh Binh, Lam Tung Nguyen, Khien Vu Van, Dang Quy Dung Ho, Kenta Nakai, Toshihiko Suzuki, Yoshio Yamaoka, Tetsuya Hayashi, Hitomi Mimuro
Summary: This study reveals that a small non-coding RNA of H. pylori plays a crucial role in regulating bacterial adaptation to the host environment and production of an oncoprotein, highlighting its potential role in gastric carcinogenesis.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Zinan Zhang, Fen Liu, Feiyan Ai, Xiong Chen, Rui Liu, Chao Zhang, Ning Fang, Tian Fu, Xiaoyan Wang, Anliu Tang
Summary: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of a 14-day VPZ-containing triple therapy in the Chinese population and explore the potential mechanism. The results showed that VPZ-containing triple therapy had a higher eradication rate for H. pylori, with no significant differences in medication adherence or the incidence of adverse events. VPZ had no direct inhibitory effect on H. pylori, while EPZ may inhibit H. pylori through downregulated genes related to the ribosome.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Sabrina H. Tsang, M. Larissa Aviles-Santa, Christian C. Abnet, Maximo O. Brito, Martha L. Daviglus, Sylvia Wassertheil-Smoller, Sheila F. Castaneda, Sharon Minnerath, Gregory A. Talavera, Barry Graubard, Bharat Thyagarajan, M. Constanza Camargo
Summary: The prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection remains high among Hispanics/Latinos in the US, with significant variations based on background. Poor socioeconomic conditions are strongly associated with H. pylori seropositivity.
CLINICAL GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Rosanna Capparelli, Domenico Iannelli
Summary: Epigenetics plays a role in regulating gene expression, cell differentiation, and response to environmental stimuli. Helicobacter pylori (Hp) uses DNA methylation to silence genes in human gastric mucosa, which is a primary cause of gastric cancer.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Ashwini Kumar Ray, Paula B. Luis, Surabhi Kirti Mishra, Daniel P. Barry, Mohammad Asim, Achyut Pandey, Maya Chaturvedi, Jyoti Gupta, Shilpi Gupta, Shweta Mahant, Rajashree Das, Pramod Kumar, Keith T. Wilson, Claus Schneider, Rupesh Chaturvedi
Summary: Curcumin inhibits the growth, translocation, and phosphorylation of Helicobacter pylori, attenuates the expression of virulence genes, and has long-lasting effects on bacterial virulence, suggesting its potential as a dietary approach to inhibit the virulence of CagA.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Peter Malfertheiner, M. Constanza Camargo, Emad El-Omar, Jyh-Ming Liou, Richard Peek, Christian Schulz, Stella I. Smith, Sebastian Suerbaum
Summary: Helicobacter pylori infection causes chronic gastritis and can lead to severe gastroduodenal pathologies, including peptic ulcer and gastric cancer. This Primer summarizes the epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis and management of this infection, and discusses patient quality of life and open research questions.
NATURE REVIEWS DISEASE PRIMERS
(2023)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Shailja C. Shah, Adam Tepler, Cecilia P. Chung, Giovanni Suarez, Richard M. Peek, Adriana Hung, Christianne Roumie, Neeraj Narula
Summary: This meta-analysis study identified host genetic polymorphisms significantly associated with H pylori eradication failure, particularly among treatment-adherent individuals with confirmed H pylori antibiotic susceptibility. CYP2C19 polymorphisms, especially metabolizer phenotypes, were strongly associated with eradication failure risk. IL1B polymorphisms related to gastric acid suppression were also linked to eradication failure risk.
Review
Infectious Diseases
Julie Nguyen, Kallirroi Kotilea, Patrick Bontems, Veronique Yvette Miendje Deyi
Summary: In the context of epidemiology, the manifestation of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection varies between children and adults. The prevalence of H. pylori infection is decreasing globally, including in many developing countries. However, pediatric H. pylori infection and its consequences remain a concern in some areas. Most infected children do not show symptoms, and there is no evidence supporting the link between H. pylori and functional disorders like recurrent abdominal pain. The pathophysiology of H. pylori infection depends on complex bacterial virulence mechanisms and their interaction with the host immune system and environmental factors. Various gastritis phenotypes can develop, potentially leading to different gastroduodenal pathologies. The diagnosis of H. pylori infection in children requires upper gastrointestinal endoscopy with mucosal biopsy samples for histology and culture, or at least Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). Eradication treatment should be given when necessary and compliance is expected, with treatment choice based on antimicrobial susceptibility. Vigilant surveillance of resistance patterns and strategic antibiotic management are crucial for combating multidrug resistance.
Editorial Material
Microbiology
Daniel Falush
Summary: The genome of Helicobacter pylori undergoes extensive mixing through homologous recombination, resulting in significant free recombination within populations. A recent study reveals that the UvrC gene in H. pylori has evolved an additional function, allowing very short DNA tracts to be imported into the genome during natural transformation.
Article
Oncology
Hidehiko Takigawa, Ryo Yuge, Satoshi Masaki, Rina Otani, Hiroki Kadota, Toshikatsu Naito, Ryohei Hayashi, Yuji Urabe, Shiro Oka, Shinji Tanaka, Kazuaki Chayama, Yasuhiko Kitadai
Summary: For gastric MALT lymphoma cases that are Helicobacter pylori-negative and API2-MALT1-negative, a high rate of non-Helicobacter pylori Helicobacter infections was observed, which may have contributed to the success of eradication therapy. Therefore, eradication therapy is recommended as a first-line treatment for non-Helicobacter pylori Helicobacter-positive gastric MALT lymphoma.
Review
Microbiology
Uriel Gomez-Ramirez, Pedro Valencia-Mayoral, Sandra Mendoza-Elizalde, Juan Rafael Murillo-Eliosa, Fortino Solorzano Santos, Araceli Contreras-Rodriguez, Gerardo Zuniga, Pamela Aguilar-Rodea, Veronica Leticia Jimenez-Rojas, Juan Carlos Vigueras Galindo, Marcela Salazar-Garcia, Norma Velazquez-Guadarrama
Summary: Microbiomes in the human stomach are complex microbial communities mainly composed of bacteria, fungi, and viruses. Gastric dysbiosis, induced by various environmental factors, can lead to serious consequences and should be treated promptly.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sulhee Kim, Kitaik Lee, Sun-Ha Park, Geun-Hee Kwak, Min Seok Kim, Hwa-Young Kim, Kwang Yeon Hwang
Summary: Methionine sulfoxide reductase (Msr) is an enzyme family that reduces oxidized methionine and plays a crucial role in bacterial survival under oxidative stress. In some pathogenic bacteria like Helicobacter pylori, MsrA and MsrB exist in a fused form (MsrAB), with a linker region (Hpiloop) playing a key role in structural stability and catalytic efficiency.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Tomohiko Yasuda, Hyun Seok Lee, Su Youn Nam, Hiroto Katoh, Yuko Ishibashi, Somay Yamagata Murayama, Hidenori Matsui, Hiroki Masuda, Emiko Rimbara, Nobuyuki Sakurazawa, Hideyuki Suzuki, Hiroshi Yoshida, Yasuyuki Seto, Shumpei Ishikawa, Seong Woo Jeon, Masahiko Nakamura, Sachiyo Nomura
Summary: Genetic analysis and culturing techniques for gastric non-Helicobacter pylori Helicobacter (NHPH) are advancing, with NHPH reported to accompany certain gastric conditions. A study on Korean gastric cancer patients found a low percentage positive for NHPH, suggesting it may play a role in gastric cancer development, albeit with lower pathogenicity compared to H. pylori.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Zhengyao Xue, Jason T. Brooks, Zachary Quart, Eric T. Stevens, Mary E. Kable, Jessie Heidenreich, Jeremy McLeod, Maria L. Marco
Summary: Validated methods are required to detect spoilage microbes in low numbers in foods before defect onset. Microbial composition assessments with 16S rRNA marker gene sequencing are robust for detecting very-low-abundance bacterial taxa responsible for Cheddar cheese spoilage. The application of Koch's postulates showed that individual bacterial isolates or uncultured bacterial consortia were sufficient to cause defects, even in low numbers.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Nicole Acosta, Maria A. Bautista, Jordan Hollman, Janine McCalder, Alexander Buchner Beaudet, Lawrence Man, Barbara J. Waddell, Jianwei Chen, Carmen Li, Darina Kuzma, Srijak Bhatnagar, Jenine Leal, Jon Meddings, Jia Hu, Jason L. Cabaj, Norma J. Ruecker, Christopher Naugler, Dylan R. Pillai, Gopal Achari, M. Cathryn Ryan, John M. Conly, Kevin Frankowski, Casey R. J. Hubert, Michael D. Parkins
Summary: This study utilized wastewater-based detection of SARS-CoV-2 to assess the epidemiology of SARS-CoV-2 in hospitals. The results showed an increasing trend of N1 and N2 genes in wastewater over time in hospitals with single monitoring points, correlating with the rise in hospitalizations. Despite increasing hospitalizations, the detection of SARS-CoV-2 N1-RNA in wastewater was able to differentiate nosocomial-acquired cases of COVID-19 and unit-specific outbreaks. Wastewater-based monitoring of SARS-CoV-2 is a promising tool for passive surveillance and case identification, containment, and mitigation in acute-care medical facilities.
Correction
Microbiology
Kenneth Wasmund, Claus Pelikan, Arno Schintlmeister, Michael Wagner, Margarete Watzka, Andreas Richter, Srijak Bhatnagar, Amy Noel, Casey R. J. Hubert, Thomas Rattei, Thilo Hofmann, Bela Hausmann, Craig W. Herbold, Alexander Loy
NATURE MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Mary E. Kable, Elizabeth L. Chin, David Storms, Danielle G. Lemay, Charles B. Stephensen
Summary: This study investigated the relationship between diet patterns and gut microbial community composition in a diverse, healthy US adult cohort. Results showed significant correlations between diet dry weight, carbohydrates, fiber, and gut microbial diversity. Bifidobacterium and Lachnospira were found to be enriched in diets with specific nutrient profiles. The use of a tree structure annotated with grams of carbohydrates provided a robust method for comparing self-reported diet to gut microbial community composition.
JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Varada Khot, Jackie Zorz, Daniel A. Gittins, Anirban Chakraborty, Emma Bell, Maria A. Bautista, Alexandre J. Paquette, Alyse K. Hawley, Breda Novotnik, Casey R. J. Hubert, Marc Strous, Srijak Bhatnagar
Summary: CANT-HYD is a tool for identifying and predicting the hydrocarbon degradation potential of microbial genomes and metagenomes. It utilizes a HMM database containing 37 marker genes to identify understudied or overlooked hydrocarbon degradation potential. Additionally, it can predict hydrocarbon utilization in diverse environments by analyzing large metagenomic datasets.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Andrew Oliver, Zhengyao Xue, Yirui T. Villanueva, Blythe Durbin-Johnson, Zeynep Alkan, Diana H. Taft, Jinxin Liu, Ian Korf, Kevin D. Laugero, Charles B. Stephensen, David A. Mills, Mary E. Kable, Danielle G. Lemay
Summary: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a significant global health problem, and it is predicted to worsen in the future. The microbiome carries antibiotic resistance, and interventions aimed at modifying the gut microbiome may help reduce antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). This study examined the association between diet and AMR in healthy adults. It found that aminoglycosides were the most prevalent mechanism of AMR, and individuals with low levels of ARGs consumed more fiber in their diets, which was associated with increased abundances of obligate anaerobes in their gut microbiota. Machine learning analysis also revealed that a diverse diet was associated with lower levels of ARGs. These findings suggest that diet could be a potential method for reducing the burden of AMR.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Kristen L. James, Erik R. Gertz, Eduardo Cervantes, Ellen L. Bonnel, Charles B. Stephensen, Mary E. Kable, Brian J. Bennett
Summary: The study found that in metabolically healthy adults, TMAO levels were not associated with the intake of animal protein foods, fruits, vegetables, dairy, or grains, but were related to the fecal microbiome. TMAO was not associated with classic cardiovascular risk factors, but was related to endothelial function and the inflammatory marker TNF-α. More prospective studies in healthy individuals are needed.
Article
Immunology
Niknaz Riazati, Mary E. Kable, John W. Newman, Yuriko Adkins, Tammy Freytag, Xiaowen Jiang, Charles B. Stephensen
Summary: The study found that Trp metabolites produced by intestinal bacteria were not strongly associated with immune markers in healthy adults; however, the Kyn/Trp ratio was strongly associated with markers of systemic inflammation and acute phase response; commensal bacteria associated with lower levels of bacterial Trp metabolites were linked to greater immune activation.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Daniel A. Gittins, Pierre-Arnaud Desiage, Natasha Morrison, Jayne E. Rattray, Srijak Bhatnagar, Anirban Chakraborty, Jackie Zorz, Carmen Li, Oliver Horanszky, Margaret A. Cramm, Francesco Bisiach, Robbie Bennett, Jamie Webb, Adam MacDonald, Martin Fowler, D. Calvin Campbell, Casey R. J. Hubert
Summary: The deep biosphere, the largest microbial habitat on Earth, contains abundant bacterial endospores. However, the ecological processes of dispersal and selection in the deep biosphere are poorly understood. This study investigated the biogeography of dispersing bacteria in the deep sea and found that thermophilic endospores correlated with hydrocarbon seepage and had adaptations to anoxic petroleum systems.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kristen L. James, Erik R. Gertz, Catherine P. Kirschke, Hooman Allayee, Liping Huang, Mary E. Kable, John W. Newman, Charles B. Stephensen, Brian J. Bennett
Summary: In this study, a mixed macronutrient tolerance test was conducted to investigate the changes in plasma TMAO levels in response to different factors. It was found that TMAO levels increased with age in females but not in males. The relationship between TMAO levels and fecal microbiome and FMO3 genotype was limited, while a strong correlation between TMAO levels and TNF-alpha was observed.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Jules A. Larke, Nikita Bacalzo, Juan J. Castillo, Garret Couture, Ye Chen, Zhengyao Xue, Zeynep Alkan, Mary E. Kable, Carlito B. Lebrilla, Charles B. Stephensen, Danielle G. Lemay
Summary: This study aims to characterize the monosaccharide composition of diets in a healthy US adult cohort and assess the relationship between monosaccharide intake, diet quality, characteristics of the gut microbiota, and gastrointestinal inflammation. The results showed that monosaccharide intake was associated with diet quality, gut microbial diversity, microbial metabolism, and gastrointestinal inflammation in healthy adults. It may be possible to tailor diets to fine-tune the gut microbiota and gastrointestinal function based on specific food sources rich in particular monosaccharides.
JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Mary E. Kable, Elizabeth L. Chin, Liping Huang, Charles B. Stephensen, Danielle G. Lemay
Summary: The study aimed to estimate lactose consumption and explore the interaction between lactose consumption, LP genotype, and gut microbiome in healthy adults in the US. The results showed that individuals with the LNP genotype consumed more lactose and had increased abundance of Lactobacillaceae and Lachnospiraceae taxa.
JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Riley L. L. Hughes, Cara L. L. Frankenfeld, Daryl M. M. Gohl, Curtis Huttenhower, Scott A. A. Jackson, Doris Vandeputte, Emily Vogtmann, Sarah S. S. Comstock, Mary E. E. Kable
Summary: The microbial cells in the human body play a vital role in regulating and maintaining human health. Understanding the specific associations between the human microbiome and health outcomes can help develop targeted recommendations and treatments to prevent and treat diseases. However, the potential of these recommendations and treatments to improve human health has not been fully realized. Technological advancements have provided tools and methods for collecting and analyzing microbiome samples, but differences in methodology can lead to variability in results and hinder the detection and validation of associations. Therefore, a satellite session was hosted to review available methods, best practices, and tools to improve the comparability of microbiome research and enhance the understanding of the associations between the human microbiome and health.
Article
Microbiology
Niknaz Riazati, Mary E. Kable, Charles B. Stephensen
Summary: Interactions between intestinal bacteria and the immune system contribute to the maintenance of a healthy intestinal barrier and potentially affect systemic immune activity. This study found associations between bacterial taxa and immune factors, suggesting ongoing microbial-immune interactions that play a role in maintaining a healthy barrier integrity in our cohort of healthy adults.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Laurynne C. Coates, David Storms, John W. Finley, Naomi K. Fukagawa, Danielle G. Lemay, Kenneth F. Kalscheur, Mary E. Kable
Summary: This study found that feeding lactating cows a more sustainable, low-starch and high-fiber diet is associated with changes in raw milk microbiota composition and somatic cell count. It has implications for udder health and milk spoilage.
CURRENT DEVELOPMENTS IN NUTRITION
(2022)