Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Shipra Chandel, Archana Joon, Sujata Ghosh
Summary: The study revealed that EAEC infection induces glycosylation changes in membrane proteins of human small-intestinal and colonic epithelial cell lines. VDAC2 and PHB2 were identified as important proteins associated with EAEC adherence to human intestinal epithelial cells.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Vemula Prasastha Ram, Jyothsna Yasur, Padikkamannil Abishad, Varsha Unni, Diksha Purushottam Gourkhede, Maria Anto Dani Nishanth, Pollumahanti Niveditha, Jess Vergis, Satya Veer Singh Malik, Byrappa Kullaiah, Nitin Vasantrao Kurkure, Chatragadda Ramesh, Laurent Dufosse, Deepak B. Rawool, Sukhadeo B. Barbuddhe
Summary: This study investigated the antimicrobial efficacy of nanosilver-entrapped cinnamaldehyde (AgC) against multi-drug-resistant strains of enteroaggregative Escherichia coli (EAEC). The results showed that AgC had a high stability, safety, and effectiveness in inhibiting and killing MDR-EAEC. In vivo experiments using Galleria mellonella larvae also confirmed the antibacterial and immunomodulatory effects of AgC.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Safiullah Najem, Dorothee Eick, Johannes Boettcher, Annette Aigner, Mona Aboutara, Ines Fenner, Konrad Reinshagen, Ingo Koenigs
Summary: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of multidrug resistant organisms (MDRO) carriage in children at admission to a pediatric hospital in Hamburg and to identify associated risk factors. Results showed that MRGN carriage was higher than MRSA and VRE, and a risk-factor-based admission screening system was recommended.
Article
Immunology
Mariana Izquierdo, Joaquin Lopez, Pablo Gallardo, Roberto M. Vidal, Juan C. Ossa, Mauricio J. Farfan
Summary: This study evaluated the role of Citrobacter werkmanii and Escherichia albertii in the virulence of Shiga toxin-producing and enteroaggregative Escherichia coli pathotypes, revealing their effects on gene expression and toxin secretion.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Padikkamannil Abishad, Jess Vergis, Varsha Unni, Vemula Prasastha Ram, Pollumahanti Niveditha, Jyothsana Yasur, Sanis Juliet, Lijo John, Kullaiya Byrappa, Prejit Nambiar, Nitin Vasantrao Kurkure, Sukhadeo Baliram Barbuddhe, Deepak Bhiwa Rawool
Summary: This study successfully synthesized green silver nanoparticles using probiotic strain Lactobacillus acidophilus, which demonstrated antibacterial and antibiofilm activity against multi-drug-resistant enteroaggregative Escherichia coli (MDR-EAEC) strains. Additionally, the green synthesized AgNPs showed antioxidant properties.
PROBIOTICS AND ANTIMICROBIAL PROTEINS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Alexander Y. G. Yip, Olivia G. King, Oleksii Omelchenko, Sanjana Kurkimat, Victoria Horrocks, Phoebe Mostyn, Nathan Danckert, Rohma Ghani, Giovanni Satta, Elita Jauneikaite, Frances J. Davies, Thomas B. Clarke, Benjamin H. Mullish, Julian R. Marchesi, Julie A. K. McDonald
Summary: The intestine serves as a primary colonisation site for carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) and acts as a reservoir for invasive infections. Antibiotics disrupt the colonisation resistance provided by gut microbiota, which leads to an expansion of CRE within the intestine. This study demonstrates that antibiotic-induced reduction of gut microbial populations results in the enrichment of nutrients and the depletion of inhibitory metabolites, promoting the growth of CRE.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Christopher H. Connor, Amanda Z. Zucoloto, John T. Munnoch, Ian-Ling Yu, Jukka Corander, Paul A. Hoskisson, Braedon McDonald, Alan Mcnally
Summary: This study demonstrates that MDR E. coli ST131 can compete and displace non-MDR E. coli in vivo, even without antibiotic treatment. The study also reveals that carriage of AMR genes is associated with increased diversity in carbohydrate metabolism genes.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Angelina A. Kislichkina, Nikolay N. Kartsev, Yury P. Skryabin, Angelika A. Sizova, Maria E. Kanashenko, Marat G. Teymurazov, Ekaterina S. Kuzina, Alexander G. Bogun, Nadezhda K. Fursova, Edward A. Svetoch, Ivan A. Dyatlov
Summary: Hybrid diarrheagenic E. coli strains with genetic markers from different pathotypes have emerged as a public health concern. The most well-known hybrid strain, E. coli O104:H4, caused a serious outbreak of acute gastroenteritis and hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) in Germany in 2011. A recent case of HUS intestinal infection was reported in St. Petersburg, Russia, with the E. coli strain SCPM-O-B-9427, which shares similarities with other related strains.
Article
Immunology
Claudia A. A. Freire, Beatriz O. O. Rodrigues, Waldir P. P. Elias, Cecilia M. M. Abe
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the presence of AAF, AFP, and CS22-related genes in EAEC strains collected from children with diarrhea. The results indicate that AAF and AFP-related genes may contribute to identify EAEC strains, while the importance of cseA as an EAEC virulence factor and genotypic marker needs further evaluation.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Veronica Martinez-Santos, Maria Ruiz-Rosas, Arturo Ramirez-Peralta, Oscar Zaragoza Garcia, Luis Armando Resendiz-Reyes, Obed Josimar Romero-Pineda, Natividad Castro-Alarcon
Summary: This study aimed to determine the characteristics of UPEC isolates obtained from ambulatory patients at the ISSSTE clinic in Chilpancingo, Mexico. The findings showed that UPEC/EAEC isolates were more frequent in symptomatic patients and exhibited multidrug resistance.
Article
Microbiology
Maria Teresa Llorente, Raquel Escudero, Raquel Ramiro, Maria Antonia Remacha, Rocio Martinez-Ruiz, Fatima Galan-Sanchez, Monica de Frutos, Matilde Elia, Isabel Onrubia, Sergio Sanchez
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the occurrence of enteroaggregative Escherichia coli (EAEC) in patients with non-travel related diarrhea in Spain and to characterize the molecular features of EAEC strains associated with illness in this high-income setting. The results showed that EAEC was the only bacterial enteric pathogen detected in a significant proportion of cases of endemic diarrhea in Spain, especially in children under 5 years old. Some of these strains also had a potential pathogenicity in the urinary/systemic system.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Marie Tre-Hardy, Klara De Rauw, Laurent Blairon, Anne Simon, Denis Pierard
Summary: This study reports the occurrence of an epidemic of EAEC O111:H21 in a Belgian nursery and describes its management approach. Clinical and microbiological investigations were conducted to identify the causative agent and confirm the cases. The action plan implemented focused on case eviction, general hygiene precautions, and specific cleaning and disinfection measures. It is important for clinical laboratories to standardize their practice and use molecular techniques to identify different pathotypes of E. coli in suspected outbreaks.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Indranil Mondal, Debjyoti Bhakat, Goutam Chowdhury, Asis Manna, Sandip Samanta, Alok Kumar Deb, Asish Kumar Mukhopadhyay, Nabendu Sekhar Chatterjee
Summary: ETEC strains with CS6 and elt+est toxin genes co-occurred in 51% of isolates. CS21 was found in most strains with est genes (43%). The presence of EatA was associated with the presence of ST alone or with LT, while CS6-harboring strains showed resistance to Ciprofloxacin. Identifying prevalent virulence determinants in Kolkata, India can aid in developing region-specific ETEC vaccines and understanding antibiotic resistance patterns for appropriate treatment.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Stephen B. Porter, Brian D. Johnston, Dagmara Kisiela, Connie Clabots, Evgeni V. Sokurenko, James R. Johnson
Summary: This study demonstrates the effectiveness of combined administration of a pre-selected bacteriophage cocktail and a probiotic strain in reducing or preventing gut colonization with multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs) in high-risk individuals.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Munirah M. Alhammadi, Rita E. Godfrey, Joseph O. Ingram, Gurdamanjit Singh, Camilla L. Bathurst, Stephen J. W. Busby, Douglas F. Browning
Summary: Serine protease autotransporters of the Enterobacteriaceae (SPATEs) are virulence factors commonly found in enteric bacteria, such as E. coli and Shigella. One specific SPATE called Pic mucinase cleaves mucin, allowing bacteria to utilize it as a carbon source and penetrate the gut lining. The regulation of the pic gene in different strains of E. coli is controlled by the transcription factors CRP and Fis, with CRP activating transcription in nutrient-depleted conditions and Fis repressing expression in nutrient-rich environments. This regulation is consistent with Pic's role in scavenging mucin as a carbon source during colonization and infection.
Letter
Dermatology
Juliana Pineider, Joan Reisch, Tamia Harris-Tryon, Stephanie Savory
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF DERMATOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Karen H. Keddy, Senjuti Saha, Samuel Kariuki, John Bosco Kalule, Farah Naz Qamar, Zoya Haq, Iruka N. Okeke
Summary: Despite advancements in management, diarrhoea remains a significant cause of illness and death in children from low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). Research on the causes of diarrhoea in LMICs has improved, thanks to multinational studies and big data analytics. Mobile phones have also contributed to the management of childhood diarrhoea by providing clinical support to healthcare workers and communicating preventive measures to caregivers.
LANCET INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Blake Angell, Olutobi Sanuade, Ifedayo M. O. Adetifa, Iruka N. Okeke, Aishatu Lawal Adamu, Muktar H. Aliyu, Emmanuel A. Ameh, Fatima Kyari, Muktar A. Gadanya, Diana A. Mabayoje, Adesola Yinka-Ogunleye, Tolu Oni, Rabiu Ibrahim Jalo, Fatimah I. Tsiga-Ahmed, Sarah L. Dalglish, Seye Abimbola, Tim Colbourn, Obinna Onwujekwe, Eme Theodora Owoaje, Gambo Aliyu, Sani H. Aliyu, Belinda Archibong, Alex Ezeh, Chikwe Ihekweazu, Zubairu Iliyasu, Stephen Obaro, Ebenezer Babatunde Obadare, Friday Okonofua, Muhammed Pate, Babatunde L. Salako, Fatima H. Zanna, Scott Glenn, Ally Walker, Maha Ezalarab, Mohsen Naghavi, Ibrahim Abubakar
Summary: Despite increased health expenditure in Nigeria, health outcomes remain poor. It is suggested that strengthening the health system and implementing targeted interventions could improve population health.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Ibrahim Abubakar, Sarah L. Dalglish, Blake Angell, Olutobi Sanuade, Seye Abimbola, Aishatu Lawal Adamu, Ifedayo M. O. Adetifa, Tim Colbourn, Afolabi Olaniyi Ogunlesi, Obinna Onwujekwe, Eme T. Owoaje, Iruka N. Okeke, Adebowale Adeyemo, Gambo Aliyu, Muktar H. Aliyu, Sani Hussaini Aliyu, Emmanuel A. Ameh, Belinda Archibong, Alex Ezeh, Muktar A. Gadanya, Chikwe Ihekweazu, Vivianne Ihekweazu, Zubairu Iliyasu, Aminatu Kwaku Chiroma, Diana A. Mabayoje, Mohammed Nasir Sambo, Stephen Obaro, Adesola Yinka-Ogunleye, Friday Okonofua, Tolu Oni, Olu Onyimadu, Muhammad Ali Pate, Babatunde L. Salako, Faisal Shuaib, Fatimah Tsiga-Ahmed, Fatima H. Zanna
Review
Immunology
Chenlu Zhang, Geil R. Merana, Tamia Harris-Tryon, Tiffany C. Scharschmidt
Summary: Our skin plays a critical role in maintaining health by acting as a barrier and defending against external threats. Skin immunity is essential for living in harmony with commensal microbes and other environmental stimuli. This article provides an overview of skin as an immune organ, highlighting its unique features related to its topography, chemical composition, and microbial ecology. It discusses innate and adaptive immune functions and focuses on how skin-specific structures like hair follicles and sebaceous glands contribute to these processes. The article also introduces emerging areas of interest in skin immunity for the mucosal immunology community.
MUCOSAL IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Tamia A. Harris-Tryon, Elizabeth A. Grice
Summary: The human skin acts as a protective barrier and plays a crucial role in our overall health. The microbiota colonization on the skin plays a significant role in maintaining the skin's barrier function and protecting against pathogens. Understanding the host-microbiota interactions can provide insights into the development and management of skin disorders.
Article
Biology
Chenlu Zhang, Zehan Hu, Abdul G. Lone, Methinee Artami, Marshall Edwards, Christos C. Zouboulis, Maggie Stein, Tamia A. Harris-Tryon, Brian S. Kim
Summary: This study reveals the antimicrobial function of SPRR proteins in the skin, showing that they can bind to and disrupt bacterial membranes, inhibiting bacterial growth. Mice lacking these proteins are more susceptible to MRSA and Pseudomonas aeruginosa skin infections. These findings are important for understanding how the skin defends the host against infections.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Akeem Ganiyu Rabiu, Olutayo Israel Falodun, Obasola Ezekiel Fagade, Rotimi Ayodeji Dada, Iruka N. Okeke
Summary: This study investigated fecal contamination in household water sources in Ibadan, Nigeria and found significant increase of Escherichia coli during the wet season. The findings suggest that the water sources evaluated are unfit for consumption.
JOURNAL OF WATER AND HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Dermatology
Hunter J. Pyle, Methinee Artami, Marshall Edwards, Prithvi Raj, Bo Zhang, Carlos Arana, Tamia A. Harris-Tryon
Summary: Lipids synthesized on the skin are critical for maintaining the antimicrobial barrier. This study found that the absence of sebaceous gland-derived lipids led to a greater growth of opportunistic organisms on the skin surface.
EXPERIMENTAL DERMATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Dermatology
Juliana Pineider, Kaitlyn M. Eckert, Jeffrey G. McDonald, Tamia Harris-Tryon
Summary: The skin acts as an endocrine organ capable of hormone production and response. In this study, the hormonal landscape of the skin was characterized across anatomical sites and between the sexes through analysis of skin secretions. Differences in hormone composition were observed in different anatomical sites and between male and female subjects, providing insights into the role of hormones in skin diseases.
JOURNAL OF INVESTIGATIVE DERMATOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Microbiology
Iruka N. Okeke, Aaron O. Aboderin, Abiodun Egwuenu, Anthony Underwood, Ayorinde O. Afolayan, Mihir Kekre, Anderson O. Oaikhena, Erkison Ewomazino Odih, Hamzat T. Omotayo, Hannah Dada-Adegbola, Veronica O. Ogunleye, Odion O. Ikhimiukor, David M. Aanensen, Chikwe Ihekweazu
Summary: Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) has important applications in antimicrobial resistance (AMR) surveillance, providing detailed data and expanding the scope of surveillance. WGS has replaced traditional strain subtyping and is now the gold standard for quickly identifying isolates in suspected outbreak clusters.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Odion O. Ikhimiukor, Anderson O. Oaikhena, Ayorinde O. Afolayan, Abayomi Fadeyi, Aderemi Kehinde, Veronica O. Ogunleye, Aaron O. Aboderin, Oyinlola O. Oduyebo, Charles J. Elikwu, Erkison Ewomazino Odih, Ifeoluwa Komolafe, Silvia Argimon, Abiodun Egwuenu, Ini Adebiyi, Oluwadamilola A. Sadare, Tochi Okwor, Mihir Kekre, Anthony Underwood, Chikwe Ihekweazu, David M. Aanensen, Iruka N. Okeke
Summary: Invasive salmonellosis in southwest Nigeria is mainly caused by multidrug-resistant, West African dominant S. Typhi lineage 3.1.1, most of which can be prevented through vaccination. However, there are also invasive non-typhoidal Salmonella strains carrying typhoidal toxin or resistance genes.
PLOS NEGLECTED TROPICAL DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
David A. Kwasi, Chinedum P. Babalola, Olujide O. Olubiyi, Jennifer Hoffmann, Ikemefuna C. Uzochukwu, Iruka N. Okeke
Summary: This study identified five compounds with significant EAEC antibiofilm activity, including one molecule that targets the EAEC Aap protein. Inhibition of EAEC colonization by small molecules provides a potential new therapeutic approach against EAEC infection.
PLOS NEGLECTED TROPICAL DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Abdurrahman Hassan Jibril, Iruka N. Okeke, Anders Dalsgaard, John Elmerdahl Olsen
Summary: This study investigated the prevalence of Salmonella in hatchlings in Nigeria, with a focus on resistant strains. The study also analyzed the genetic relatedness between hatchling strains and strains from poultry farms. The results showed a high prevalence of Salmonella and a significant presence of multidrug-resistant strains.
Article
Microbiology
Erkison Ewomazino Odih, Gabriel Temitope Sunmonu, Iruka N. Okeke, Anders Dalsgaard
Summary: This study investigated the occurrence of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii in hospital wastewater in Ibadan, Nigeria, and explored the phylogenetic relationships between these strains and clinical isolates. The study revealed a high proportion of carbapenem-resistant strains in the wastewater, with similarities to clinical isolates. The findings suggest that inadequately treated hospital wastewater may contribute to the spread of clinically important carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii strains in Ibadan.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2023)