Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Anna Lewandowska, Malwina Dzisko, Jaroslaw Jankowski
Summary: Graphical user interfaces are designed to attract users' attention by placing important elements in the central part of the screen. However, in certain situations, it is necessary to use stimuli in the peripheral area to grab users' attention. This study analyzes the impact of peripheral stimuli on user attention and considers habituation and sensitization effects. The results show that appropriate parameter settings can reduce habituation effects without the need for high visual intensity.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Giuseppe Forte, Francesca Favieri, Esther Osariemen Oliha, Andrea Marotta, Maria Casagrande
Summary: The study found that individuals with high anxiety demonstrate a different attentional pattern when processing emotional stimuli compared to those with low anxiety, involving both top-down and bottom-up attentional processes and the valence of the stimuli. High anxiety individuals showed a bias in processing negative stimuli, faster with top-down attentional mechanisms and slower with bottom-up attentional mechanisms compared to neutral stimuli. The study also confirmed an association between HRV, trait anxiety levels, and the change blindness phenomenon.
Article
Psychology
Mark W. Becker, Andrew Rodriguez, Dana Pontious
Summary: Without feedback, the time required to find a target influences quitting thresholds. Experimental results show that decreasing the mean time to find a target reduces the number of items inspected and reaction time in target absent trials.
ATTENTION PERCEPTION & PSYCHOPHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Domonkos File, Bela Petro, Zsofia Anna Gaal, Nora Csikos, Istvan Czigler
Summary: Change blindness experiments have shown that detecting significant changes in natural images is difficult when brief blank fields are inserted between alternating displays of an original and modified scene. However, research on event-related potentials has found that sensitivity to events different from the regularity of stimulus sequences exists even when these events are not attended to, contradicting the results of change blindness experiments.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Psychology
Madison Lee, Chris Jaeger, Daniel Levin
Summary: Participants in incidental change detection studies often miss large changes to visually salient or conceptually relevant objects. There are two competing explanations for this phenomenon. According to the integrative processing account, participants miss changes because the level of attention needed to trigger detection processes is not elicited. In contrast, the selective processing account posits that the processes needed for change detection are only elicited in response to specific functional needs. Through four experiments, we found that change blindness for actor substitutions persisted in certain tasks but diminished when participants were shown the prechange actor and instructed to search for that actor in the video, highlighting the role of search demands in inducing integrative comparison processes.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY-HUMAN PERCEPTION AND PERFORMANCE
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Experimental
Adam J. Barnas, Emily J. Ward
Summary: People tend to overestimate their ability to detect changes in scenes and are not aware of the relative difficulty of such changes. However, in this study, participants' self-judgements of change detection ability were found to predict their own change blindness. These metacognitive judgements remained consistent even when accounting for low-level image properties and were not fully explained by semantic similarity.
Article
Neurosciences
Sarah J. Bayless, Alistair J. Harvey, Stewart Keating
Summary: The study aimed to test the effects of alcohol and task difficulty on counting performance and the occurrence of inattentional blindness. The results showed that task difficulty increased inattentional blindness, while both alcohol and task difficulty impaired counting accuracy, with the largest impact on participants who noticed the unexpected stimulus.
PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Karin Ludwig, Thomas Schenk
Summary: The study found that the intervention can reduce ipsilesional exploration bias in patients with spatial neglect, and similar effects were seen in healthy participants. Modifying the intervention method can impact the results, with the original version showing more significant and long-lasting effects. This intervention shows promise for successful application in treating patients with spatial neglect.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Pascal Wallisch, Wayne E. Mackey, Michael W. Karlovich, David J. Heeger
Summary: It is widely believed that observers can fail to notice clearly visible unattended objects, even if they are moving. However, the results of three high-powered experiments with a total of 4,493 participants indicate that this effect is strongly influenced by the speed of the unattended object. Only fast objects are readily noticeable, whether attended or not, suggesting that fast motion acts as a potent cue that overrides task-focused attention and diminishes inattentional blindness effects.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Yang Li, Yucheng Tu, Xiaoxue Chen, Hao Zhao, Guyue Zhou
Summary: Understanding object relationships using visual signals is intuitive for humans, but challenging for artificial intelligence. Researchers have made progress in studying semantic relationship detection, and now focus on geometric relationships. In this work, a novel architecture is proposed to enforce focused attention, and the model achieves state-of-the-art performance in relationship detection by predicting occlusion and distance relationships.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON IMAGE PROCESSING
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Yangxi Wu, Dongbo Zhang, Feng Yin, Ying Zhang
Summary: This paper proposes a salient object detection model that integrates global and local perception based on visual search guidance. By using encoding and decoding networks, combined with the Maximal Stable External Regions (MSER) algorithm and Squeeze and-Excitation Networks (SENet), the model achieves accurate salient map through coarse global and fine local perception.
SIGNAL PROCESSING-IMAGE COMMUNICATION
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Annabelle Walle, Michel D. Druey
Summary: The study focused on the effects of reward-associated stimuli on attention in training-test paradigms. It was found that reward-related performance benefits occur during training, with search efficiency and non-search factors contributing to the results. Theoretical implications regarding how reward influences attentional processing were discussed.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Meltem Coskuncay, Simay Ikier, Serkan Sener
Summary: This study investigated the detection of expected and unexpected changes in visual stimuli. The results showed that expected changes were detected faster than unexpected changes for the ball stimulus, but not for the clock stimulus. There were differences in response times among participants, with faster responders showing no time differences in detecting changes and slower responders showing significant time differences.
CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Yash Sawant, Jogendra Nath Kundu, Venkatesh Babu Radhakrishnan, Devarajan Sridharan
Summary: In this study, a biologically inspired recurrent neural network (RNN) model (st-RNN) is proposed, which efficiently detects changes in natural images by simulating the circuit architecture of a midbrain attention network. Compared to conventional RNNs, the st-RNN learns faster, has fewer connections, and can reproduce key experimental phenomena and accurately predict human gaze fixations.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jacob A. Westerberg, Elizabeth A. Sigworth, Jeffrey D. Schall, Alexander Maier
Summary: The research indicates that attention plays a significant role in feature selectivity during visual search, especially in enhancing feature tuning in deep neural layers, which directly affects attentional functions and behavioral outcomes.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Ilaria Corbo, Maria Casagrande
Summary: Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) is a clinical syndrome characterized by a moderate decline in cognitive functions while maintaining autonomy in daily life activities. Higher-level executive functions are commonly impaired in MCI elderly individuals.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Francesca Agostini, Pierluigi Zoccolotti, Maria Casagrande
Summary: Mathematical performance is influenced by general cognitive abilities, especially executive functions, attention, and processing speed. These cognitive functions should be evaluated during the diagnostic process to provide individually tailored interventions. Further research is needed to investigate other skills that have been poorly investigated.
Article
Neurosciences
Francesca Favieri, Giuseppe Forte, Mariella Pazzaglia, Eunice Y. Chen, Maria Casagrande
Summary: This study found an association between executive functioning and increased weight, with different patterns observed in males and females. Planning did not differ between normal-weight and overweight individuals, but differences were observed in decision making. Females scored lower than males on the long-term consequences index. Overweight males had lower scores on this index compared to normal-weight males, while this pattern did not emerge in females. These findings suggest that decision-making responses may differ in overweight individuals, with implications for weight loss prevention strategies.
Article
Neurosciences
Giuseppe Forte, Giovanna Troisi, Mariella Pazzaglia, Vilfredo De Pascalis, Maria Casagrande
Summary: This study systematically reviewed the association between heart rate variability (HRV) and experimental pain. The results showed significant changes in both the sympathetic and parasympathetic autonomic nervous systems during painful stimulation, and HRV was associated with pain induction and subjective measures of pain. Higher parasympathetic activity was correlated with better self-regulation capacities and pain inhibition.
Review
Psychology, Experimental
Giuseppe Forte, Matteo Morelli, Bernhard Graessler, Maria Casagrande
Summary: Heart rate variability (HRV) is associated with decision-making, with higher HRV related to better decision-making and lower HRV related to poorer decision-making.
APPLIED COGNITIVE PSYCHOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Andrea Marotta, Belen Aranda-Martin, Marco De Cono, Maria Angeles Ballesteros-Duperon, Maria Casagrande, Juan Lupianez
Summary: This study investigated the ability of individuals with high and low levels of autistic traits to integrate facial expressions when decoding eye-gaze direction. The results showed that individuals with high autistic traits were less affected by emotional expressions compared to those with low autistic traits, especially on happy faces.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Giuseppe Forte, Francesca Favieri, Mariella Pazzaglia, Maria Casagrande
Summary: There is comorbidity between cardiometabolic risk factors and major mental health disorders. This study investigated the interrelationships between psychological factors, overweight, and blood pressure in young adults. The results showed associations between body mass index and depression, as well as anxiety and blood pressure.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Giuseppe Forte, Erik Leemhuis, Francesca Favieri, Maria Casagrande, Anna Maria Giannini, Luigi De Gennaro, Mariella Pazzaglia
Summary: Wearable robotic technologies are powerful devices that extend bodily functionality for spinal cord injury patients. However, the lack of consideration for users' psychological and physiological needs has hindered their widespread adoption. To overcome these challenges, we need to explore the role of autonomic and interoceptive signals in personalized experiences.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Psychology, Clinical
Evangelina Dominguez, Maria Casagrande, Antonino Raffone
Summary: This article provides a critical review of studies on the effects of mindfulness training on autobiographical memory (AM) and the relationship between trait mindfulness and AM. The results suggest that mindfulness training and trait mindfulness can enhance cognitive, emotional, and self-referential flexibility in AM. These influences are associated with improved meta-awareness, acceptance, and the ability to shift perspectives in AM recall. The review also highlights the brain mechanisms underlying these effects. Overall, the findings have important implications for further research and have implications for clinical and cognitive neuroscience.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Giuseppe Forte, Francesca Favieri, Maria Casagrande, Renata Tambelli
Summary: This study aimed to assess the influence of personality traits and motivational systems on binge-watching. The findings suggest that neuroticism and the behavioral inhibition system play a high-risk role in binge-watching, while conscientiousness acts as a protective factor.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH
(2023)
Review
Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology
Jasmine Giovannoli, Diana Martella, Maria Casagrande
Summary: This systematic review examines the effect of bilingualism on executive functioning assessed by verbal fluency tasks. The results suggest that there is no significant difference between bilinguals and monolinguals in performance. However, the conclusions about whether bilinguals have an advantage or disadvantage in verbal fluency tasks are not definitive. Therefore, precautions should be taken when using this task, especially in clinical practice.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF LANGUAGE & COMMUNICATION DISORDERS
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Giulia Marselli, Francesca Favieri, Maria Casagrande
Summary: Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is a syndrome characterized by a decline in cognitive performance that exceeds what is expected for an individual based on their age and education level, but does not significantly interfere with daily activities. Previous studies have mainly focused on memory in the analysis of MCI and more severe cases of dementia. Autobiographical memory (AM), a specific memory system, has been extensively studied in Alzheimer's disease, but its impairment in MCI is still controversial.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Ilaria Corbo, Giulia Marselli, Valerio Di Ciero, Maria Casagrande
Summary: Cognitive reserve (CR) is the ability to adapt and compensate for brain damage or disease. This systematic literature review examined the role of CR in preventing Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) and found that high CR is significantly associated with a reduced risk of MCI. The review also confirmed a positive relationship between CR and cognitive functioning in both MCI and healthy individuals.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Maria Casagrande, Nils Alexander Steinhorst, Susanne Kathrin Dippel, Fabian Kueck, Carsten Grohmann, Martin S. Spitzer, Sven Poli, Nicolas Feltgen, Maximilian Schultheiss
Summary: This study investigates the sensitivity and specificity of the CRAO-Detection Score in diagnosing CRAO without requiring fundoscopy. The questionnaire can be used as a screening tool to detect CRAO patients, which is crucial for prompt diagnosis and treatment of CRAO.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Experimental
Victor Martinez-Perez, Alejandro Sandoval-Lentisco, Miriam Tortajada, Lucia B. Palmero, Guillermo Campoy, Luis J. Fuentes
Summary: The self-prioritization effect refers to the advantage in processing stimuli associated with oneself. In an attentional blink task, self-associated shapes show a greater attentional capture effect. Training with a shape-label matching task can eliminate the difference between friend and stranger conditions.
CONSCIOUSNESS AND COGNITION
(2024)
