Article
Clinical Neurology
Dongshi Li, Zhixin Huang, Yingyi Dai, Linling Guo, Songbin Lin, Xintong Liu
Summary: This study investigated the relationship between carotid atherosclerosis (CAS) and vascular dementia (VaD), and identified potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for these diseases.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Cristina Andreea Adam, Delia Lidia Salaru, Cristina Prisacariu, Dragos Traian Marius Marcu, Radu Andy Sascau, Cristian Statescu
Summary: Atherosclerotic vascular disease is a cardiovascular continuum that has led to the development of new diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. The understanding of pathophysiological mechanisms and molecules involved in atherosclerosis has resulted in the identification of potential new biomarkers for early diagnosis. Technological advancements have shifted the focus to new biomarkers for future therapeutic targets.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yoichi Miura, Hidenori Suzuki
Summary: Both fasting and non-fasting hypertriglyceridemia are risk factors for atherosclerotic disease, but it is uncertain whether they increase the risks of carotid artery stenosis progression. Statins can prevent carotid plaque progression and improve plaque stability. However, there is currently no evidence that combining non-statin lipid-lowering drugs with statins provides additional benefits in preventing cerebrovascular events and stenosis progression in patients with carotid artery stenosis. This article explores the relationship between hypertriglyceridemia and carotid artery stenosis, as well as the potential role of lipid-lowering drugs.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Mei-hua Bao, Ruo-qi Zhang, Xiao-shan Huang, Ji Zhou, Zhen Guo, Bao-feng Xu, Rui Liu
Summary: Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease with high prevalence and mortality, where plaque rupture is the main cause of clinical events. Analyzing the transcriptomic and proteomic profiles of stable and unstable plaques helps to prevent clinical manifestations. The study identified differentially expressed RNAs and proteins related to stress response, gene transcription, immune response, nervous system functions, hematologic activities, and the endocrine system, providing insights into regulating plaque stability.
FRONTIERS IN GENETICS
(2021)
Article
Hematology
Changpo Lin, Lirong Xu, Xiao Tang, Xiaobo Li, Chao Lu, Qianyun Cheng, Junhao Jiang, Yang Shen, Dong Yan, Ruizhe Qian, Weiguo Fu, Daqiao Guo
Summary: Disruption of Bmal1 in VSMCs worsens atherosclerosis by promoting VSMC migration and monocyte transmigration and impairing antioxidant function. Therefore, Bmal1 may be a potential therapeutic target and biomarker of atherosclerosis in the future.
ARTERIOSCLEROSIS THROMBOSIS AND VASCULAR BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Amanda M. Zdimal, David G. Davies
Summary: This study investigates the potential role of bacterial biofilm dispersion in the progression of atherosclerosis. The results show that biofilms formed by bacteria associated with human arterial plaque deposits can release more cells and exhibit higher enzyme activity when treated with iron or a combination of norepinephrine and transferrin. This suggests that multispecies biofilm dispersion may contribute to arterial tissue degradation and thrombogenesis in atherosclerotic infections.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2022)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Bryce R. Evans, Anais Yerly, Emiel P. C. van der Vorst, Iris Baumgartner, Sarah Maike Bernhard, Marc Schindewolf, Yvonne Doering
Summary: Atherosclerotic vascular disease is the most common cause of ischemia, myocardial infarction, and stroke. The structure and function of the arterial vessel wall, consisting of the adventitia, media, and intima, determine vascular function. Vascular smooth muscle cells and endothelial cells are key in shaping the vascular wall and maintaining proper function. Atherosclerosis, initiated by endothelial dysfunction, leads to pathological alterations known as vascular remodeling, ultimately causing insufficient vascular function and cardiovascular events.
FRONTIERS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Surgery
Joost M. Mekke, Daan H. J. Egberts, Farahnaz Waissi, Nathalie Timmerman, Ilze Bot, Johan Kuiper, Gerard Pasterkamp, Gert J. de Borst, Dominique P. de Kleijn
Summary: The study revealed significant intersegment differences in MC numbers in human carotid plaques. The distribution of MCs impacts microvessel density and macrophage content within the plaques. Future histological studies should use standardized segments for plaque characterization.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF VASCULAR AND ENDOVASCULAR SURGERY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Anton A. Raskurazhev, Polina Kuznetsova, Alla A. Shabalina, Marine M. Tanashyan
Summary: This study described the miRNA and hemostasis profile of patients with moderate and advanced stages of carotid atherosclerosis and identified potential correlations with hemostatic activation. The down-regulation of miR-126-5p was found to be a promising biomarker for advanced carotid atherosclerosis. The study also revealed potential interplay between miRNAs and hemostatic activation in the setting of carotid atherosclerosis.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Daniel Bos, Banafsheh Arshi, Quirijn J. A. van den Bouwhuijsen, M. Kamran Ikram, Mariana Selwaness, Meike W. Vernooij, Maryam Kavousi, Aad van der Lugt
Summary: This study found that hemorrhage in carotid atherosclerotic plaque is an independent risk factor for stroke and coronary heart disease.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Lena Lavie, Erez Si-on, Aaron Hoffman
Summary: A subpopulation of CD66b+ neutrophils, resembling macrophage-foam cells, was found in carotid atherosclerotic plaques. These cells have altered morphology and functions, transforming into giant phagocytes with a massive lipid content. They may represent a new neutrophil-macrophage hybrid population with unknown significance and functions.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Nikita P. Patil, Almudena Gomez Hernandez, Fuming Zhang, Limary Cancel, Xu Feng, Lufeng Yan, Ke Xia, Eri Takematsu, Emily Y. Yang, Victoria Le, Megan E. Fisher, Agueda Gonzalez-Rodriguez, Carmelo Garcia-Monzon, James Tunnell, John Tarbell, Robert J. Linhardt, Aaron B. Baker
Summary: Rhamnan sulfate, an inexpensive marine polysaccharide, has been found to enhance endothelial barrier function, inhibit NF-Kappa B pathway activation, and reduce vascular inflammation and atherosclerosis in ApoE-/- mice. It showed stronger therapeutic effects in female mice, reducing cholesterol levels and inflammation in the liver and aortic root.
Review
Medical Laboratory Technology
Simona Ferraro, Sara Benedetti, Savina Mannarino, Santica Marcovina, Elia Mario Biganzoli, Gianvincenzo Zuccotti
Summary: Risk stratification for cardio-vascular disease should be implemented in childhood to promote early prevention strategies, as atherosclerotic lesions can be present even in very young individuals. Evaluating pediatric CV risk factors/clinical conditions and conducting lipid profile and genetic testing can help identify children at risk of future CV events and guide appropriate therapeutic options.
CLINICA CHIMICA ACTA
(2024)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Lana Fani, Dianne H. K. Van Dam-Nolen, Meike Vernooij, Maryam Kavousi, Aad van der Lugt, Daniel Bos
Summary: The study suggests that innate immunity is linked to larger carotid atherosclerotic plaques, while adaptive immunity seems to be associated with smaller plaques and a lower frequency of intraplaque hemorrhage. This imbalance in innate and adaptive immunity may play a role in the vulnerability of carotid atherosclerotic plaques.
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Su Guvenir Torun, Pablo de Miguel Munoz, Hanneke Crielaard, Hence J. M. Verhagen, Gert-Jan Kremers, Antonius F. W. van der Steen, Ali C. Akyildiz
Summary: Atherosclerotic plaque rupture is a major cause of cerebrovascular events, and it is crucial to study the local collagen architecture and failure properties of the plaque tissue for clinical event prevention. In this study, the local collagen orientation and dispersion were analyzed, and it was found that most of the collagen fibers had circumferential alignment with significant local dispersion. This study provides an initial step towards better understanding the risk of plaque rupture.
ACTA BIOMATERIALIA
(2023)