Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Andres Vallejo, Alejandro Romanelli, Raul Donangelo
Summary: By considering an entropy-based division of energy, an alternative theoretical framework for analyzing the thermodynamics of two-level systems is developed. A different work term, representing the energy cost of rotating the Bloch vector in the presence of an external field, is observed when compared to standard definitions. Explicit expressions for temperature, heat capacity, and internal entropy production are obtained in both paradigms, and matter-radiation interaction processes for two different systems are studied to illustrate these findings.
Article
Mathematics, Applied
Peter Constantin, Mihaela Ignatova, Fizay-Noah Lee
Summary: The Nernst-Planck-Navier-Stokes system has global smooth solutions in bounded domains with smooth boundaries in three space dimensions. The solutions remain smooth for arbitrary positive Dirichlet boundary conditions for ionic concentrations, arbitrary Dirichlet boundary conditions for potential, arbitrary positive initial concentrations, and arbitrary regular divergence-free initial velocities. Global regularity is maintained when considering multiple ionic species with the same diffusivities.
ARCHIVE FOR RATIONAL MECHANICS AND ANALYSIS
(2021)
Article
Business
Eojin Yi, Kwangwon Ahn, M. Y. Choi
Summary: This study compares Bitcoin with other major investment assets and finds that while the Bitcoin market is less efficient, it is not significantly different from other markets in terms of its long-term market equilibrium. The study also derives a probability density function to explain the mean reversion speed and dispersion of cryptocurrencies.
TECHNOLOGICAL FORECASTING AND SOCIAL CHANGE
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Hui Yu, Nan Li, Ni Zhao
Summary: The review investigates whether current flexible energy devices can meet the energy demand of wireless flexible sensor systems in long-term health monitoring applications. It estimates the total energy demand of typical sensor systems and discusses the design of the energy supply architecture. Health monitoring protocols that could be realized with self-powered system designs are suggested, and core challenges for further development of the technologies for practical applications are identified.
ADVANCED ENERGY MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Chengyu Liang, Wei Xiong, Rupp Carriveau, David S. K. Ting, Zhiwen Wang
Summary: Underwater compressed gas energy storage is a flexible-scale energy storage technology that can facilitate the transition to renewable and sustainable energy structure. This study investigates the flow characteristics of liquid in a hilly-terrain tube with zero net liquid flow and explores the formation mechanism of liquid slugs. A theoretical model for slugging velocity is established, and the relationship between maximum growth factor, liquid film thickness, and gas velocity is analyzed. The experimental results validate the model predictions with a maximum error of less than 10%.
JOURNAL OF ENERGY STORAGE
(2022)
Review
Thermodynamics
A. G. Olabi, C. Onumaegbu, Tabbi Wilberforce, Mohamad Ramadan, Mohammad Ali Abdelkareem, Abdul Hai Al-Alami
Summary: This review article critically highlights the latest trends in energy storage applications, discusses several energy storage applications and their future prospects, thoroughly compares different energy storage mediums and their limitations, and analyzes suggestions and solutions to mitigate challenges and improve performance. Further research activities are needed to reduce costs and accelerate commercialization of novel energy storage technologies.
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Z. S. Qu, S. R. Hudson, R. L. Dewar, J. Loizu, M. J. Hole
Summary: The study analyzes different scenarios of SPEC equilibrium with multiple ideal interfaces, finding that under certain conditions a solution may not exist, and that pressure jumps can significantly affect the stability and support capacity of the interfaces.
PLASMA PHYSICS AND CONTROLLED FUSION
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Lev Levitin, Harriet van der Vliet, Terje Theisen, Stefanos Dimitriadis, Marijn Lucas, Antonio D. Corcoles, Jan Nyeki, Andrew J. Casey, Graham Creeth, Ian Farrer, David A. Ritchie, James T. Nicholls, John Saunders
Summary: In this study, the authors cool a two-dimensional electron gas to sub-millikelvin temperatures by immersing it in liquid He-3 and utilizing nuclear adiabatic demagnetization.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Francesco Tarantelli, Ettore Vicari
Summary: The study focuses on the effects of dissipative boundaries in many-body systems at continuous quantum transitions, revealing two dynamic regimes: early-time regime for competition between coherent and incoherent drivings, and a large-time regime describing the late quantum evolution towards stationary states.
Article
Optics
Evan P. Yamaguchi, Hilary M. Hurst, I. B. Spielman
Summary: Feedback cooling protocols are demonstrated for Bose-Einstein condensates subjected to weak measurements, effectively cooling both one-dimensional and two-dimensional systems. The optimal protocol reduces the equilibrium energy by more than a factor of 100 compared to previous cooling protocols. Quench-cooling of one-dimensional condensates from noncondensed excited states results in far-from-equilibrium states with significantly higher energies. The observed condensed states exhibit quantized supercurrents with nonzero integer winding numbers.
Review
Physics, Multidisciplinary
M. Ridley, N. W. Talarico, D. Karlsson, N. Lo Gullo, R. Tuovinen
Summary: The non-equilibrium Green's function (NEGF) formalism is one of the most versatile theoretical approaches to studying time-dependent correlated quantum transport in nano-systems, capable of treating inter-particle interactions, external drives and/or perturbations, and coupling to baths with a (piece-wise) continuum set of degrees of freedom.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICS A-MATHEMATICAL AND THEORETICAL
(2022)
Article
Quantum Science & Technology
Karol Gietka, Lewis Ruks, Thomas Busch
Summary: In this study, we examine critical metrology and propose an improved critical quantum metrology protocol. By quenching a system beyond its critical point exhibiting a superradiant quantum phase transition, this protocol achieves an exponential increase of the quantum Fisher information in time. Using the setting of the Dicke model, we demonstrate the advantages of our protocol and explore a quantum gas coupled to a single-mode cavity field as a potential platform.
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
M. Wais, K. Held, M. Battiato
Summary: The development of femtosecond lasers has enabled the study of ultrafast dynamics in solids, which are particularly complicated due to the system being far from equilibrium and undergoing changes during thermalization. To accurately describe these dynamics, a detailed understanding of the far-from-equilibrium state and its time evolution under many-body effects is crucial. The complexity arises from the interplay of multiple degrees of freedom, requiring a precise treatment of scatterings and transport effects.
COMPUTER PHYSICS COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Benjamin Geiger, Juan Diego Urbina, Klaus Richter
Summary: In this study, the fate of 1/N expansions in unstable many-body quantum systems is considered, showing the emergence of e(2 lambda t)/N as a renormalized parameter governing the quantum-classical transition. The results provide formal grounds for a conjectured multiexponential form of out-of-time-ordered correlators in scrambling many-body hyperbolic systems.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Valentin Yu Mylnikov, Sergey O. Potashin, Grigorii S. Sokolovskii, Nikita S. Averkiev
Summary: In this paper, dissipative phase transition (DPT) near critical point in a system with two-photon driving and nonlinear dissipations is studied. By incorporating quantum fluctuations into the mean-field theory, new effects in the system's steady-state are observed. The presence of quantum fluctuations leads to power-law dependence of the anomalous average at the phase transition point, and also affects the critical point renormalization and the existence of a two-photon pump threshold.