Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Marina Iturrate-Bobes, Raul Perez-Fernandez
Summary: Testing for symmetry about an unknown median is a long-standing problem in statistics. Existing tests are based on the asymptotic distribution of skewness coefficients, but the variance of these coefficients varies among different symmetric distributions. To address this issue, the paper proposes estimating the asymptotic variance through bootstrap. Six different skewness coefficients are explored and their performance is compared to two state-of-the-art tests in terms of significance level maintenance, power under asymmetric distributions, and robustness in the presence of outliers. Although no clear best test is identified, the paper provides guidelines for test selection based on user needs.
INFORMATION SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Statistics & Probability
Andrey Akinshin
Summary: Traditional quantile estimators have strong robustness but poor statistical efficiency. The Harrell-Davis quantile estimator offers better efficiency but lacks robustness. Trimmed modification of the Harrell-Davis estimator allows customization of the tradeoff between efficiency and robustness.
COMMUNICATIONS IN STATISTICS-SIMULATION AND COMPUTATION
(2022)
Article
Mathematics
Tianming Xu, Yuesong Wei
Summary: This paper discusses the problem of mean changes in time series with heavy-tailed AR(p) noise and proposes a modified ratio-type test statistic. By using bootstrap sampling, jackknife sampling, and subsampling to approximate the distribution under the null hypothesis, more accurate critical values and empirical power are obtained. Some results from a small simulation study and a practical example further validate the effectiveness of the proposed statistic.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Keita Aida, Kentaro Kamiya, Nobuaki Hamazaki, Kohei Nozaki, Takafumi Ichikawa, Takeshi Nakamura, Masashi Yamashita, Shota Uchida, Emi Maekawa, Jennifer L. Reed, Minako Yamaoka-Tojo, Atsuhiko Matsunaga, Junya Ako
Summary: The study determined the cutoff values of physical function associated with 6MWD < 300 m and < 400 m in elderly heart failure patients. Handgrip strength, quadriceps isometric strength, one-leg standing time, and 5-times sit-to-stand were found to be associated with 6MWD < 300 m and < 400 m.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Statistics & Probability
Jan Kalina
Summary: The article discusses how various multivariate estimators capture the symmetry of the underlying distribution, outlines sufficient conditions for symmetry properties of functionals corresponding to location or scatter, and proposes permutation tests for hypothesis testing. The newly proposed tests are suitable for small sample sizes and represent the first available symmetry tests suitable for non-elliptical distributions and more than two variables.
COMMUNICATIONS IN STATISTICS-SIMULATION AND COMPUTATION
(2021)
Review
Health Care Sciences & Services
Katharina Stahlmann, Johannes B. Reitsma, Antonia Zapf
Summary: Many diagnostic studies use biased methods to handle missing values and inconclusive results, which is caused by the lack of appropriate methods and awareness. This scoping review aims to provide an overview of strategies for addressing missing values and inconclusive results in diagnostic accuracy studies. Through a systematic literature search, we found many articles proposing methods for handling missing values in the reference standard and several articles describing methods for the index test. These methods include imputation, frequentist and Bayesian likelihood, model-based, and latent class methods. The application of these methods needs to be further promoted and validated through future research.
STATISTICAL METHODS IN MEDICAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Economics
Sebastian Kripfganz, Daniel C. Schneider
Summary: This study examines the popular 'bounds test' for level relationship existence in conditional equilibrium correction models. By estimating response surface models based on a large number of simulated statistics, the study improves and extends critical values for different sample sizes and lag orders. Results suggest that in small samples, the bounds test may be significantly oversized with the use of asymptotic critical values.
OXFORD BULLETIN OF ECONOMICS AND STATISTICS
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Shan-Yan Gao, Yang Xia, Qi-Jun Wu, Qing Chang, Yu-Hong Zhao
Summary: This study established reference values for the five-repetition chair stand test (CS-5) in a large population in China and found associations between CS-5 times and factors such as age, gender, and anthropometric measurements.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Economics
James G. MacKinnon, Morten Orregaard Nielsen, Matthew D. Webb
Summary: We provide computationally attractive methods to obtain jackknife-based cluster-robust variance matrix estimators (CRVEs) for linear regression models estimated by least squares. We also propose several new variants of the wild cluster bootstrap, which involve these CRVEs, jackknife-based bootstrap data-generating processes, or both. Extensive simulation experiments suggest that the new methods can provide much more reliable inferences than existing ones in cases where the latter are not trustworthy, such as when the number of clusters is small and/or cluster sizes vary substantially. Three empirical examples illustrate the new methods.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED ECONOMETRICS
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Zhen Li, Yi Jiang, Ziyang Jin, Yiran Pu, Hao Li
Summary: The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between the natural environment of residential areas and the subjective wellbeing of the elderly, and the role of their evaluation of government environmental protection work. Using data from the China Social Survey Database from 2013 to 2019, the results show that the natural environment has a significant positive effect on the subjective wellbeing of the elderly. Additionally, the evaluation of the elderly on the government's environmental protection work also positively impacts their subjective wellbeing, and plays an increasingly significant intermediary role in the relationship between the natural environment and their subjective wellbeing. Therefore, to improve the subjective wellbeing of the elderly, the government should continue to lead in coordinating environmental protection and pollution control, as well as strengthen the promotion of environmental protection work and improve the governance and protection system in residential areas based on the evaluation of the elderly.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Statistics & Probability
Jianling Zhang, Zhongzhan Zhang
Summary: This article explores samples test for simple stochastic ordering among multiple populations, proposing a test statistic for unrestricted alternative and providing its null asymptotic distribution. Critical values are obtained using a bootstrap procedure, and simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed test method.
COMMUNICATIONS IN STATISTICS-THEORY AND METHODS
(2021)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Chen Qiu, Xiaoli Xie, Chuangjie Yang, Xia Qin, Mulin Pang
Summary: A through tied-arch bridge with multi-point elastic constraints (MTAB) is proposed to improve the natural vibration characteristics of the conventional through tied-arch bridge (CTAB) by adding rigid inclined rods to form an integral truss structure.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF STEEL STRUCTURES
(2022)
Article
Statistics & Probability
Cesar Augusto Taconeli, Idemauro Antonio Rodrigues de Lara
Summary: Ranked set sampling (RSS) is a cost-efficient alternative to simple random sampling (SRS) when ranking small sets of population units is simpler than effectively measuring them. Different maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) procedures are suggested and evaluated for RSS, taking into consideration the assumption of perfect ranking and the presence of ranking errors. Extensive simulations show that while MLE based on perfect ranking performs the best under ideal conditions, MLE based on SRS assumptions or a weighted estimator performs better when ranking errors are present. The findings are supported by two applications in age determination of fishes and anthropometric measures of athletes.
COMMUNICATIONS IN STATISTICS-SIMULATION AND COMPUTATION
(2023)
Article
Statistics & Probability
Peihan Xiong, Weiwei Zhuang, Guoxin Qiu
Summary: This paper explores the symmetric property of record values entropy, introduces characteristics of exponential distributions, and proposes a new test for symmetry of continuous distributions based on a characterization result. The advantage of this test is that it does not require estimating the center of symmetry, and Monte Carlo simulations show its superior performance compared to competitor tests for a variety of alternative asymmetric distributions. Additionally, the applicability of the proposed test is illustrated through monitoring p-values of the test and its competitors in two real data sets.
JOURNAL OF NONPARAMETRIC STATISTICS
(2021)
Article
Economics
Akio Namba
Summary: This paper analyzes the validity of bootstrap methods for the Stein-rule estimator and positive-part Stein-rule estimator for the mean of a multivariate normal distribution. The study shows that the conventional bootstrap may not always be consistent, leading to the proposal of an alternative bootstrap method and m out of n bootstrap. A consistent bootstrap method based on a pre-test is also introduced, with simulation results demonstrating its validity in various scenarios.
JOURNAL OF QUANTITATIVE ECONOMICS
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Kathryn L. Prior, David M. Erceg-Hurn, Bronwyn C. Raykos, Sarah J. Egan, Sue Byrne, Peter M. McEvoy
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EATING DISORDERS
(2018)
Article
Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications
Rand R. Wilcox
BRITISH JOURNAL OF MATHEMATICAL & STATISTICAL PSYCHOLOGY
(2019)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Laura M. Smith, David M. Erceg-Hurn, Peter M. McEvoy, Louella Lim
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2020)
Article
Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications
Rand R. Wilcox
Summary: A new multiple comparisons procedure was proposed to determine which of J independent groups has the largest robust measure of location, showing that traditional improvements on the Bonferroni method may not perform well in controlling the familywise error rate. An alternative method designed for dependent groups was suggested to address this issue.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF MATHEMATICAL & STATISTICAL PSYCHOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Andrew R. Johnson, Samantha R. Bank, Mark Summers, Matthew P. Hyett, David M. Erceg-Hurn, Michael J. Kyron, Peter M. McEvoy
DEPRESSION AND ANXIETY
(2020)
Article
Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications
Rand R. Wilcox
Summary: This paper focuses on extending existing results to robust, heteroscedastic measures of effect size in a two-way ANOVA design. Through simulation results and actual study data, it demonstrates that a percentile bootstrap method can produce accurate confidence intervals for these measures of effect size when comparing groups.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF MATHEMATICAL & STATISTICAL PSYCHOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
David A. Raichlen, Yann C. Klimentidis, M. Katherine Sayre, Pradyumna K. Bharadwaj, Mark H. C. Lai, Rand R. Wilcox, Gene E. Alexander
Summary: Sedentary behavior is associated with dementia, and reducing TV time and increasing computer time may effectively reduce the risk of dementia.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Michael J. Kyron, Andrew Johnson, Matthew Hyett, David Moscovitch, Quincy Wong, Samantha R. Bank, David Erceg-Hurn, Peter M. McEvoy
Summary: This study examines the dynamic temporal associations between cognitive and behavioral mechanisms and social anxiety symptoms during and after cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) for social anxiety disorder (SAD). The results suggest that social-evaluative beliefs and safety behaviors are closely associated with social interaction anxiety symptoms. Assessing these beliefs and behaviors may help predict future symptoms and avoidance and optimize treatment for patients.
BEHAVIOUR RESEARCH AND THERAPY
(2023)
Letter
Ophthalmology
Jack T. Holladay, Rand R. Wilcox, Douglas D. Koch, Li Wang
JOURNAL OF CATARACT AND REFRACTIVE SURGERY
(2023)
Article
Social Sciences, Mathematical Methods
Rand Wilcox
Summary: This paper discusses alternative methods of comparing groups using robust measures of effect size instead of measures of location, highlighting the deeper understanding of group comparisons that can be achieved through comparing effect sizes.
METHODOLOGY-EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF RESEARCH METHODS FOR THE BEHAVIORAL AND SOCIAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Bronwyn Raykos, David Erceg-Hurn, Peter McEvoy, Susan M. Byrne
Article
Psychology, Clinical
David M. Erceg-Hurn, Peter M. McEvoy
PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT
(2018)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Bronwyn C. Raykos, David M. Erceg-Hurn, Peter M. McEvoy, Anthea Fursland, Glenn Waller
JOURNAL OF CONSULTING AND CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY
(2018)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Peter M. McEvoy, David M. Erceg-Hurn, Kevin C. Barber, Jessica R. Dupasquier, David A. Moscovitch
BEHAVIOUR RESEARCH AND THERAPY
(2018)
Article
Psychiatry
Matthew P. Hyett, Samantha R. Bank, Ottmar V. Lipp, David M. Erceg-Hurn, Gail A. Alvares, Ellen Maclaine, Emily Puckridge, Sarra Hayes, Peter M. McEvoy
PSYCHOTHERAPY AND PSYCHOSOMATICS
(2018)