Article
Materials Science, Paper & Wood
Shuo Diao, Yan Yang, Qian Tang, Yonghua Lu, Yanfeng Lu, Guangxian Zhang
Summary: This paper improves the traditional flame retardant finishing technology by grafting the pre-polymerized phosphonium compound onto cotton fabrics, eliminating the need for ammonia fumigation and reducing environmental pollution. The results show that the improved finishing technology can provide cotton fabrics with excellent flame retardance and durability.
Article
Materials Science, Textiles
Huizhen Ke, Qin Fang, Yitong Han, Huanda Zheng, Laijiu Zheng, Yuanyuan Dong
Summary: Traditional water-based flame-retardant finishing causes serious pollution and color change. An eco-friendly flame-retardant finishing of dyed cotton was explored using DOPO in supercritical CO2. The effects of finishing time, pressure, and temperature on the flame-retarding properties of the cotton were discussed. DOPO finishing showed the best flame-retardant performance, and supercritical CO2 finishing had no significant negative impact on the color properties of the samples.
TEXTILE RESEARCH JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Ziqiang Hu, Yanan Ma, Hao Chen, Lulin Wei, Guocheng Zhu, Lin Liu, Juming Yao
Summary: Efficient, durable, and breathable flame retardant cotton fabrics were successfully fabricated using a one-pot approach. The modified fabrics exhibited high fire resistance, self-extinguishing properties, and excellent washing durability. The surface hybrid network architectures formed by multiple covalent bonds and electrostatic assembly contributed to the significant reduction in heat release rate, total heat release, and total smoke release. This study provides a simple and feasible method for achieving high-efficiency and durable flame retardant cotton fabrics.
APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Textiles
Meritxell Marti, Cristina Alonso, Albert Manich, Ine De Vilder, Luisa Coderch
Summary: This study compares the conventional flame retardant (FR) with an alternative FR in their application on cotton fabrics. Both FRs showed the ability to function as flame retardants, but with different effects. The conventional FR increased the thermal stability of the fabric, while the alternative FR resulted in fewer volatiles and therefore influenced the combustion intensity. Furthermore, both tested FRs were found to be safe for skin contact, with the alternative FR appearing to be safer.
TEXTILE RESEARCH JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Paper & Wood
Wael Ali, Olga Zilke, Dominic Danielsiek, Alaa Salma, Bassem Assfour, Valbone Shabani, Seden Caglar, Hung Minh Phan, Leonie Kamps, Ruth Wallmeier, Ying Feng, Torsten Textor, Jochen S. Gutmann, Thomas Mayer-Gall
Summary: DOPO-ETES and DOPO-AmdPTES were synthesized as halogen-free flame retardants without by-products. They were applied on cotton fabric using sol-gel method and pad-dry-cure finishing process. DOPO-AmdPTES-treated cotton exhibited self-extinguishing behavior with high char residue, improved LOI value and reduced PHRR, HRC and THR compared to untreated cotton. DOPO-AmdPTES-treated cotton showed semi-durability after ten laundering cycles. According to the results, the flame retardant activity occurred in the condensed phase as a physical barrier and in the gas phase through dilution effect.
Article
Materials Science, Textiles
Yu Chen, Ying Liao, Guangxian Zhang, Fengxiu Zhang
Summary: A Mannitol (MNT)-based halogen-free flame retardant, FR-MNT, was synthesized and applied for flame-retardant finishing of cotton fabric. The covalent grafting of FR-MNT onto cotton fiber endowed the fabric with superior flame retardancy. The treated cotton, after undergoing vertical combustion and LOI tests, demonstrated excellent washing resistance. Moreover, the flame-retardant treatment had minimal impact on the mechanical properties of cotton fabric.
JOURNAL OF NATURAL FIBERS
(2022)
Review
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Peng Qi, Feng Chen, Yuchun Li, Hongfei Li, Xiaoyu Gu, Jun Sun, Sheng Zhang
Summary: Fabrics with durable flame retardancy are crucial for fire prevention in daily life. This review discusses advancements in durable flame-retardant fabrics over the past decade, including different strategies to enhance flame retardancy. The design principles, methodologies, and challenges of these strategies are summarized, along with critical analysis of their advantages and disadvantages. Future opportunities for replacing conventional processes are also proposed based on market requirements and technologies.
ADVANCED FIBER MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Polymer Science
Jianjun Gu, Xiaofei Yan, Jiawei Li, Yaowei Qian, Chenkai Zhu, Dongming Qi
Summary: A novel coating system using halogen-free water-based AMVP was invented for fabricating durable flame-retardant cotton textiles. The system improved flame retardance and durability while preventing acid brittleness of cotton fibers, resulting in excellent flame retardance and good hand feel.
POLYMER DEGRADATION AND STABILITY
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Textiles
Peng Qi, Xuefei Wang, Yufei Wang, Xiaoyu Gu, Sheng Zhang
Summary: This study focuses on improving the fire safety of nonwoven polypropylene fabric by increasing its surface polarity with a surfactant and a conventional finishing method. The treated fabric exhibits higher hydrophilicity and improved flammability properties. The treated fabric also shows higher thermal stability and more char residue at high temperatures. Scanning electron microscopy observations reveal that the treated fabric forms a continuous char structure that effectively isolates the underlying material from fire and oxygen.
JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL TEXTILES
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Kaustubh C. Patankar, Santosh Biranje, Ashitosh Pawar, Saptarshi Maiti, Mohammad Shahid, Sandeep More, Ravindra V. Adivarekar
Summary: This study developed a simple method for synthesizing nitrogen-phosphorus-rich green multifunctional chemical agents for fire-retardant, UV-protective, and antibacterial cotton fabrics. The treated cotton fabrics exhibited excellent fire retardancy, UV protection, and antibacterial properties, with acceptable impacts on mechanical properties.
MATERIALS TODAY COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Di Qian, Tong Xu, Yi Zhong, Linping Zhang, Zhiping Mao, Hong Xu
Summary: A new type of phosphorus-rich organic-inorganic flame-retardant hybrid silica sol was prepared for coating finishing of polyester/cotton (T/C) fabric. The hybrid sepiolite-based silica sol improved the flame retardancy and mechanical properties of the fabric. The prepared silica sol maintained the fibrous structure of sepiolite, reducing damage to the fabric's mechanical properties during flame-retardant finishing.
APPLIED CLAY SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Polymer Science
Yonghua Lu, Qian Tang, Yan Yang, Shuo Diao, Guangxian Zhang
Summary: A new type of high molecule reactive flame retardant was synthesized and applied to polyester/cotton blended fabrics. The study found that the flame retardant could be uniformly grafted onto the surface of the fabrics, especially on cellulose fibers, effectively improving the flame retardancy and durability of the fabrics.
POLYMER DEGRADATION AND STABILITY
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Paper & Wood
Jinyong Ren, Junxiu Piao, Yaofei Wang, Yaxuan Wang, Tingting Feng, Lei Liu, Chuanmei Jiao, Xilei Chen
Summary: A phosphorus/nitrogen compound named CS@APP was synthesized through a mechanochemical method and used as a flame retardant for cotton fabric, achieving significant reductions in heat release rate and improved flame resistance.
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Jiaxin Sun, Lianxu Shi, Tingting Song, Caiying Sun
Summary: A novel phosphate-based flame retardant, SPMA, was synthesized and compounded with ammonium polyphosphate to improve the flame retardant properties of cotton fabrics. The results showed a significant increase in flame retardancy and the formation of a stable network structure on the char surface of flame retardant cotton fabrics.
ADVANCED COMPOSITES AND HYBRID MATERIALS
(2021)
Review
Polymer Science
Mohamad Nurul Azman Mohammad Taib, Petar Antov, Viktor Savov, Widya Fatriasari, Elvara Windra Madyaratri, Riza Wirawan, Linda Makovicka Osvaldova, Lee Seng Hua, Muhammad Aizat Abdul Ghani, Syeed Saiful Azry Osman Al Edrus, Lum Wei Chen, Djalal Trache, M. Hazwan Hussin
Summary: The sensitivity of biopolymers to heat and flames necessitates the improvement of flame reaction. Traditional flame retardants are toxic and non-biodegradable, thus environmentally-friendly alternatives are being sought. This review promotes the use of biodegradable and bio-based compounds as flame retardants, highlighting their effectiveness in preventing flame spread.
POLYMER DEGRADATION AND STABILITY
(2022)