Article
Physiology
Romuald Lepers, Amby Burfoot, Paul J. Stapley
Summary: This study examined the age-related decline in running performance of sub-3-hour marathoners over five consecutive decades, finding that with consistent training and racing regimens, it is possible to limit the decline in marathon performance to less than 7% per decade until at least 60 years of age. Further research is needed to determine if this low rate of decline can be maintained after the age of 60.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Sport Sciences
Christoph C. Kaufmann, Claudia Wegberger, Maximilian Tscharre, Paul M. Haller, Edita Piackova, Irena Vujasin, Mona Kassem, Ioannis Tentzeris, Matthias K. Freynhofer, Bernhard Jaeger, Johann Wojta, Kurt Huber
Summary: This study investigated the impact of marathon and ultra-marathon on inflammation and iron homeostasis, finding that the level of inflammation was higher after ultra-marathon compared to marathon. Additionally, the response patterns of iron homeostasis differed between the two races.
SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE & SCIENCE IN SPORTS
(2021)
Article
Physiology
Bas Van Hooren, Romuald Lepers
Summary: This study examined a 71-year-old runner who broke the world record marathon in the men's 70-74 age category. The study assessed his body composition, cardiorespiratory fitness, fiber type and mitochondrial function, and training characteristics.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jichao Sun
Summary: This study analyzes the impact of high and low temperatures on marathon athletes, specifically focusing on the China Baiyin marathon accident. It proposes a method for evaluating marathon route design and suggests the maximum energy supply for Chinese male marathon runners. The findings can effectively assist in designing the marathon route and determining the race time.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Giovanna Albertin, Davide Zuccon, Diego Guidolin, Raffaele De Caro, Marco Falda, Ugo Carraro, Laura Astolfi
Summary: The Venice Marathon has gained fame and prestige over time. Female participation in the 40-year age category has increased over the years. Recreational athletes showed a decrease in running speed, while trained athletes improved their performance in the 40-year age category in both sexes. This information is useful for trainers and self-training to adjust physical activity to compensate for physiological decline.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Mark Klingert, Pantelis T. Nikolaidis, Katja Weiss, Mabliny Thuany, Daniela Chlibkova, Beat Knechtle
Summary: This narrative review evaluates the prevalence of exercise-associated hyponatremia (EAH) among marathon runners and identifies associated risk factors. The results show that a complex interaction of different factors can cause EAH, with event-related factors such as high temperatures and person-related factors such as female sex. It is important for marathon runners to be aware of EAH and take appropriate measures for training and competition.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Jesse D. Cook, Matt K. P. Gratton, Amy M. Bender, Penny Werthner, Doug Lawson, Charles R. Pedlar, Courtney Kipps, Celyne H. Bastien, Charles H. Samuels, Jonathan Charest
Summary: This study investigated the relationship between sleep health, individual characteristics, lifestyle factors, and marathon completion time in marathoners. The results suggest that pre-bedtime electronic device use and sleep tracker use may have a detrimental influence on sleep health in marathoners.
Article
Sport Sciences
Ya-wen Ao, Yu-shuang LI, Yi-lin Zhao, L. I. A. N. G. Zhang, Ren-jie Yang, Yun-fei Zha
Summary: This study found that amateur marathon runners have larger volumes of specific hippocampal subfields and better sleep quality. Sleep duration was not significantly different between runners and healthy controls, and there was no significant correlation between hippocampal subfield volumes and sleep quality.
MEDICINE & SCIENCE IN SPORTS & EXERCISE
(2023)
Article
Physiology
Keisei Kosaki, Shota Kumamoto, Katsuyuki Tokinoya, Yasuko Yoshida, Takeshi Sugaya, Takayo Murase, Seigo Akari, Takashi Nakamura, Yoshiharu Nabekura, Kazuhiro Takekoshi, Seiji Maeda
Summary: This study demonstrates for the first time that marathon running transiently increases plasma XOR activity and levels of purine degradation products (hypoxanthine, xanthine, and uric acid), and further shows that activated plasma XOR may contribute to marathon-induced elevations in biomarkers of AKI. These findings significantly extend our prior knowledge of the purine metabolic pathway and several AKI biomarkers under strenuous exercise conditions.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Barry Smyth
Summary: The study found that male runners are more likely to experience significant late-race slowing (hitting the wall) than female runners. Such slowdowns are more frequent in the 3 years immediately before and after a recent personal-best time. When male runners hit the wall, they slow more than females, and slow over longer distances. The finish-time costs of hitting the wall increase with ability for both male and female runners.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
C. Cocuzza, C. E. Keppel, H. Liu, W. Melnitchouk, A. Metz, N. Sato, A. W. Thomas
Summary: This study reports the results of a Monte Carlo global QCD analysis, utilizing constraints from the MARATHON experiment at Jefferson Lab for the first time. The analysis revealed indications of an isovector nuclear EMC effect in light nuclei in the simultaneous study of nucleon PDFs and nuclear effects in A = 2 and A = 3 nuclei. The MARATHON data provided relatively weak constraints on certain structure function ratios and PDF ratios, but raised questions about assumptions commonly made in nuclear PDF analyses by suggesting an enhanced nuclear effect on the d-quark PDF in the bound proton.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Physiology
Jonathon W. Senefeld, Michael H. Haischer, Andrew M. Jones, Chad C. Wiggins, Rachel Beilfuss, Michael J. Joyner, Sandra K. Hunter
Summary: The study found that world-class athletes, especially females, perform significantly faster when wearing marathon racing shoes with technological advancements, compared to other shoes. This suggests that recent improvements in marathon finishing times among elite runners and record-setting performances may be attributed to technological advances in footwear.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Michael J. S. Beauvais, Bartha Maria Knoppers, Judy Illes
Summary: Open Science is advocating for a radical rethinking of current scientific practices, with open data repositories and open lab notebooks emerging in the neuroimaging community. However, the broad sharing of data accompanying Open Science raises difficult ethical and legal issues. By using neuroethics as a focus, we explore central concerns posed by open data in human brain imaging studies, highlighting both challenges and potential benefits.
Article
Sport Sciences
Samuel N. Cheuvront, Aaron R. Caldwell, Parker J. Cheuvront, Robert W. Kenefick, Chris Troyanos
Summary: This study compared environmental parameters between early and late start times of the Boston Marathon from 1995 to 2016, finding that starting the race 2 hours earlier reduced the odds of runners being exposed to environmental conditions associated with exertional heat illness by approximately 1.4 times.
MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE
(2021)
Article
Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture
Javier Lluch, Miguel Rebollo, Angeles Calduch-Losa, Ramon Molla
Summary: This article examines the precision of various GPS models used in marathon races, finding differences between road GPS models, trail GPS models, and mobile phones. The study also reveals that the precision of GPS devices depends on the duration of the race. The results can provide useful insights to manufacturers and end-users alike.
IEEE CONSUMER ELECTRONICS MAGAZINE
(2021)
Article
Respiratory System
Rebekka Faber Thudium, Andreas Ronit, Shoaib Afzal, Yunus Colak, Julie Lyng Forman, Fernando Mendo, Fabian Chen, Vicente Estrada, Nagalingeswaran Kumarasamy, Borge G. Nordestgaard, Jens Lundgren, Jorgen Vestbo, Ken M. Kunisaki, Susanne Dam Nielsen
Summary: This study compared the decline in lung function between people living with HIV who receive antiretroviral therapy and matched controls, and found that well-treated PLWH have faster lung function decline than controls. Smoking seems to modify this association, suggesting that smoking may lead to more rapid lung function decline in PLWH than in controls.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Rosa Maja Mohring Gynthersen, Mathilde Orbaek, Helene Mens, Christian Stenor, Lothar Wiese, Sisse Rye Ostrowski, Susanne Dam Nielsen, Anne-Mette Lebech
Summary: This study investigated the immune response in adult patients with Lyme neuroborreliosis (LNB) before and after treatment. The results showed that there were minor variations in immune response during the study period. IL-17A and IL-1 beta significantly increased six months after treatment. The changes in cytokine responses are most likely not linked to LNB pathogenesis.
TICKS AND TICK-BORNE DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Moises Alberto Suarez-Zdunek, Sunil Kumar Saini, Christian Ross Pedersen, Sebastian Rask Hamm, Annemette Hald, Allan Rasmussen, Jens Georg Hillingso, Sine Reker Hadrup, Susanne Dam Nielsen
Summary: This study aims to explore the cellular immune response against CMV and VZV infections in liver transplant recipients and identify potential risk factors for infection. Through an epidemiological substudy and an immunological substudy, the incidence and clinical risk factors for CMV and VZV infections will be determined, and the frequency, T cell receptor sequences, and phenotypic characteristics of CMV- and VZV-specific T cells will be examined. The study has the potential to develop a prediction model and proof-of-concept for adoptive T cell therapy against CMV and VZV to reduce the burden and consequence of infections in liver transplant recipients.
BMC INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Hematology
Line Dam Heftdal, Sebastian Rask Hamm, Laura Perez-Alos, Johannes Roth Madsen, Jose Juan Almagro Armenteros, Kamille Fogh, Christoffer Cronwald Kronborg, Anders Pommer Vallentin, Rasmus Bo Hasselbalch, Dina Leth Moller, Cecilie Bo Hansen, Mia Pries-Heje, Anne Ortved Gang, Sisse Rye Ostrowski, Ruth Frikke-Schmidt, Erik Sorensen, Linda Hilsted, Henning Bundgaard, Kasper Iversen, Peter Garred, Susanne Dam Nielsen, Kirsten Gronbaek
Summary: The initial responses to COVID-19 vaccination are impaired in patients with blood cancers. This study examined the immune responses of patients with myeloid and lymphoid malignancies who received three or four doses of the BNT162b2 vaccine, compared to controls. Risk factors for humoral and cellular nonresponse one year after vaccination were also identified.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF HAEMATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Anesthesiology
Pernille D. K. Diasso, Dalia Abou-Kassem, Susanne D. Nielsen, Katharina M. Main, Per Sjogren, Geana P. Kurita
Summary: Long-term opioid treatment (L-TOT) for chronic non-cancer pain (CNCP) may result in endocrine dysfunction, including changes in testosterone, growth hormone, and prolactin levels. This study found that compared to CNCP patients not receiving opioids, those on L-TOT had lower testosterone and growth hormone levels, as well as higher prolactin levels. Additionally, a correlation was observed between high opioid dose and low growth hormone levels.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PAIN
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Valdemar Romer, Pradeesh Sivapalan, Josefin Ekloef, Susanne D. Nielsen, Zitta B. Harboe, Tor Biering-Sorensen, Theis Itenov, Jens-Ulrik S. Jensen
Summary: This study found that SARS-CoV-2 infection was not associated with an increased risk of psychiatric admissions in the general population of Denmark. However, there was an increased risk of de novo prescription of psychoactive medication among infected individuals.
EUROPEAN PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Letter
Dermatology
Morten Bahrt Haulrig, Nikolai Loft, Christopher Willy Schwarz, Frederik Boetius Hertz, Simon Francis Thomsen, Susanne Dam Nielsen, Lone Skov
JOURNAL OF DERMATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Selina Kikkenborg Berg, Helle Wallach-Kildemoes, Line Ryberg Rasmussen, Ulrikka Nygaard, Nina Marie Birk, Henning Bundgaard, Annette Kjaer Ersboll, Lau Caspar Thygesen, Susanne Dam Nielsen, Anne Vinggaard Christensen
Summary: This study investigated the changes in symptom-specific hospital contacts among 12-18-year-olds following two doses of BNT162b2 COVID-19 vaccine compared to unvaccinated peers. National register data was used to match vaccinated and unvaccinated adolescents based on sex and age. Differences between the vaccinated and unvaccinated were found in symptom-specific hospital contacts, with higher rates observed for some symptoms among the vaccinated and higher rates for others among the unvaccinated. Monitoring of specific symptoms is important post-vaccination, considering the risk of infection and symptoms following COVID-19 infection.
Article
Microbiology
Johannes Roth Madsen, Bettina Eide Holm, Laura Perez-Alos, Rafael Bayarri-Olmos, Anne Rosbjerg, Kamille Fogh, Mia Marie Pries-Heje, Dina Leth Moller, Cecilie Bo Hansen, Line Dam Heftdal, Rasmus Bo Hasselbalch, Sebastian Rask Hamm, Ruth Frikke-Schmidt, Linda Hilsted, Susanne Dam Nielsen, Kasper Karmark Iversen, Henning Bundgaard, Peter Garred
Summary: This study found that the antibody response in saliva is correlated with the antibody response in serum after vaccination with the BNT162b2 vaccine. The levels of IgG in saliva were higher in previously infected individuals at 2 months after vaccination compared to infection-naive individuals, but decreased after 6 months. Both saliva and serum IgG levels declined significantly after 6 months.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Nicoline Stender Arentoft, Dina Leth Moller, Andreas Delhbaek Knudsen, Ranya Abdulovski, Nikolai Kirkby, Soren Schwartz Sorensen, Allan Rasmussen, Susanne Dam Nielsen
Summary: Influenza has a high incidence and frequent complications in kidney and liver transplant recipients, emphasizing the importance of continuous focus on this vulnerable group.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Grit E. Legaard, Mark P. P. Lyngbaek, Thomas P. Almdal, Kristian Karstoft, Sebastian L. Bennetsen, Camilla S. Feineis, Nina S. Nielsen, Cody G. Durrer, Benedikte Liebetrau, Ulrikke Nystrup, Martin Ostergaard, Katja Thomsen, Beckey Trinh, Thomas P. J. Solomon, Gerrit Van Hall, Jan Christian Brond, Jens J. Holst, Bolette Hartmann, Robin Christensen, Bente K. Pedersen, Mathias Ried-Larsen
Summary: A randomized clinical trial showed that adding exercise to diet-induced weight loss can improve beta-cell function in people with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes. The study found that exercise volume is important for improving beta-cell function, and there was a dose-dependent relationship between exercise and beta-cell function improvement.
Article
Immunology
Johanne Bundgard, Anne Marie R. Jensen, Moises A. Suarez-Zdunek, Julie Hogh, Jan Gerstoft, Thomas Benfield, Sisse R. Ostrowski, Susanne D. Nielsen, Andreas D. Knudsen
Summary: People with HIV have higher levels of soluble thrombomodulin and syndecan-1, and lower levels of sCD40L compared to controls. Soluble thrombomodulin is associated with decreased risk of PAD in PWH at baseline, but none of the markers are associated with de novo PAD.
JAIDS-JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Rebekka F. Thudium, Nicoline S. Arentoft, Hedda Hoel, Shoaib Afzal, Jakob H. von Stemann, Julie L. Forman, Jon T. Wilcke, Thomas Benfield, Marius Troseid, alvaro H. Borges, Sisse R. Ostrowski, Jorgen Vestbo, Ken M. Kunisaki, Jens-Ulrik S. Jensen, Susanne D. Nielsen
Summary: Elevated IL-1β and IL-10 are independently associated with faster lung function decline in people with well-treated HIV, suggesting that dysregulated systemic inflammation may play a role in the pathogenesis of chronic lung diseases in people with well-treated HIV.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Anne-Sophie Winther Svartstein, Andreas Dehlbaek Knudsen, Safura-Luise Heidari, Line Dam Heftdal, Marco Gelpi, Thomas Benfield, Susanne Dam Nielsen
Summary: This study investigated the incidence of mpox and vaccine uptake factors in MSMWH. The results showed a low rate of mpox infection, and individuals with a history of STD had a higher risk of mpox infection and higher odds of vaccination.
Article
Sport Sciences
Kristian Karstoft, Mathias Ried-Larsen, Lea Bruhn, Nanna Skytt Pilmark, Katrine Bagge Hansen, Frederik Persson, Marit Eika Jorgensen, Martin Baek Blond, Kristine Faerch
Summary: This study investigated the effect of metformin on the free-living physical activity level of individuals with overweight/obesity and prediabetes. The results showed that short-term metformin treatment did not reduce the free-living physical activity level of these individuals.
JOURNAL OF SPORTS SCIENCES
(2023)