Article
Physiology
Peng-Wen Chen, Chi-Chieh Hsu, Li-Fan Lai, Chung-Pu Chi, Szu-Hsien Yu
Summary: This study investigated the effects of acute repeated hypoxia-hyperoxia preconditioning on resistance exercise-induced muscle damage in male athletes. The results showed that alternating hypoxic/hyperoxic air preconditioning could attenuate muscle soreness and damage after exercise, but had no effect on muscle strength recovery.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Chemistry, Medicinal
Mohammad Beba, Hamed Mohammadi, Cain C. T. Clark, Kurosh Djafarian
Summary: The study aimed to assess the effects of curcumin supplementation on exercise-induced muscle damage, muscle soreness, inflammation, muscle strength, and joint flexibility. The meta-analysis showed that curcumin supplementation significantly reduced creatine kinase activity, muscle soreness, and TNF-alpha concentration, and improved muscle strength and range of motion. However, no significant changes were found in IL-6 and IL-8 levels. Further high-quality studies are needed to evaluate the long-term effects and safety of curcumin supplementation.
PHYTOTHERAPY RESEARCH
(2022)
Review
Chemistry, Medicinal
Wang Fang, Yasaman Nasir
Summary: The study identified that curcumin supplementation has a significant effect in reducing creatine kinase levels and muscle soreness index among adults after exercise-induced muscle damage. Subgroup analysis further demonstrated the efficacy of curcumin based on factors such as follow-ups after exercise, dose of curcumin, duration of studies, exercise type, train status, and study design. This suggests that curcumin may be a priority agent for exercise-induced muscle damage recovery interventions.
PHYTOTHERAPY RESEARCH
(2021)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Chutimon Khemtong, Chia-Hua Kuo, Chih-Yen Chen, Salvador J. Jaime, Giancarlo Condello
Summary: This meta-analysis suggests that BCAAs supplementation can reduce CK levels and muscle soreness in trained males after resistance exercise, but does not show a positive effect on plasma LDH levels.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Chutimon Khemtong, Antonio Tessitore, Salvador J. Jaime, Giuliana Gobbi, Jorgen Jensen, Ai-Lun Yang, Chia-Hua Kuo, Giancarlo Condello
Summary: The results of this study suggest that BCAAs supplementation does not provide any benefits for basketball players in mitigating muscle damage and soreness, improving neuromuscular performance, and maintaining arterial stiffness after COD exercises.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Kenji Doma, Utkarsh Singh, Daniel Boullosa, Jonathan Douglas Connor
Summary: BCAA supplementation reduces indirect markers of muscle damage and muscle soreness following strenuous exercise, but does not significantly impact muscle performance recovery. Further research is needed to determine the practicality of BCAA for ameliorating muscle damage symptoms in diverse populations.
APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY NUTRITION AND METABOLISM
(2021)
Article
Sport Sciences
Michael J. Mullaney, Malachy P. Mchugh, Susan Y. Kwiecien, Neil Ioviero, Andrew Fink, Glyn Howatson
Summary: This study found that postgame PCM cooling can accelerate the recovery of muscle function in baseball pitchers, enhancing shoulder and forearm strength. However, there were no significant differences in muscle soreness and CK activity between the two groups.
MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Tomonori Sawada, Hiroki Okawara, Daisuke Nakashima, Kaito Ikeda, Joji Nagahara, Haruki Fujitsuka, Sosuke Hoshino, Yuta Maeda, Yoshinori Katsumata, Masaya Nakamura, Takeo Nagura
Summary: A novel exercise modality combined with electrical muscle stimulation (EMS) has been reported to increase cardiovascular and metabolic responses. This study aimed to examine the effect of constant load pedaling exercise combined with EMS by measuring sweat lactate levels.
Article
Physiology
Lorcan S. Daly, Ciaran O. Cathain, David T. Kelly
Summary: This study found that components of fitness were associated with reduced performance attenuation and improved recovery responses in Gaelic football. The development of aerobic capacity and neuromuscular function were found to be particularly important.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SPORTS PHYSIOLOGY AND PERFORMANCE
(2022)
Review
Pediatrics
John F. T. Fernandes, Lawrence D. Hayes, Amelia F. Dingley, Sylvia Moeskops, Jon L. Oliver, Jorge Arede, Craig Twist, Laura J. Wilson
Summary: This meta-analysis compared the peak changes in indirect markers of exercise-induced muscle damage (EIMD) in youths versus adults and found that the magnitude of EIMD is substantially less in youths, especially in the upper limbs for muscle soreness. These findings are important for guiding the potential impact of EIMD on youth athletes during training.
PEDIATRIC EXERCISE SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Sport Sciences
Nuria Romero-Parra, Beatriz Rael, Victor M. Alfaro-Magallanes, Xanne Janse de Jonge, Rocio Cupeiro, Ana B. Peinado
Summary: This study investigated the effects of the active pill phase vs. withdrawal phase of a monophasic oral contraceptive cycle on exercise-induced muscle damage in resistance-trained women. The results showed that an eccentric squat-based exercise session can cause muscle damage without inflammation response, with higher CK concentrations observed in the withdrawal phase, suggesting vulnerability to muscle damage during this phase.
JOURNAL OF STRENGTH AND CONDITIONING RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology
Ciara Leydon, Kaitlyn Mital, Julie DoCarmo, Annelise Gaffney, Paul Ullucci
Summary: This study aimed to elucidate the impact of tasks on voice outcomes. The results showed that vocal tasks can impact the discomfort and acoustic vocal outcomes of NMES.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Alvaro Ventura, Leandro Gomes, Jonathan Cavalcante, Denis Vieira, Caio Victor Sousa, Rita de Cassia Marqueti, Nicolas Babault, Joao Luiz Durigan
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the changes in muscle architecture of quadriceps femoris constituents with sensor electrodes placed over VL and VM motor points during a neuromuscular electrical stimulation session. The results showed no difference in the muscle architecture changes when the electrodes were placed on VL and VM motor points. Therefore, clinicians can choose either VL or VM motor points for sensor electrode positioning and expect similar muscle architecture adaptation.
JOURNAL OF SENSORS
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Yi-Ju Chen, Rathinasamy Baskaran, Marthandam Asokan Shibu, Wan-Teng Lin
Summary: This study investigated the efficacy of GT extract, a native perennial plant in Taiwan, in ameliorating physical fatigue during exercise and increasing exercise performance. The results showed that GT extract supplementation significantly improved forelimb grip strength and endurance swimming time in a dose-dependent manner. Additionally, GT extract increased serum glucose, creatine kinase, and lactate levels, while liver marker serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT) was increased and renal markers were not affected. Muscle and hepatic glycogen levels were also significantly increased, indicating an improved energy source during exercise. No histological aberrations were observed in vital organs. These findings suggest that GT extract supplementation could benefit exercise performance and anti-fatigue function without toxicity at higher doses.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Stefanie Klatt, Melanie Kossmann, Laura Hottenrott, Alexander Ferrauti, Frowin Fasold
Summary: The study suggests that while age has a smaller impact on performance and recovery in team sports, age-related differences in recovery should still be taken seriously to optimize training stress monitoring, prevent injuries, and improve performances. Younger players outperformed older players in high-intensity sprints, but showed different recovery abilities, with older players possibly needing longer recovery time.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2021)
Article
Sport Sciences
Trevor Chung-Ching Chen, Hsing-Yu Kang, Wei-Chin Tseng, Shih-Che Lin, Chuan-Wei Chan, Hsin-Lian Chen, Tai-Ying Chou, Hung-Hao Wang, Wing Yin Lau, Kazunori Nosaka
Summary: The study demonstrated that a 3-week immobilization made muscles more vulnerable to muscle damage induced by maximal eccentric exercise. The immobilization group experienced greater muscle damage after the eccentric exercise compared to the control group, supporting the hypothesis that immobilization increases susceptibility to muscle damage.
SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE & SCIENCE IN SPORTS
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Antonello E. Rigamonti, Michele Dei Cas, Diana Caroli, Alessandra De Col, Silvano G. Cella, Rita Paroni, Alessandro Sartorio
Summary: Metabolic syndrome is diagnosed using clinical criteria such as abdominal fat accumulation, high blood pressure, insulin resistance, and abnormal blood lipids. Sphingolipids in plasma can be used as a biochemical support for the diagnosis of metabolic syndrome. The study found that certain sphingolipids were significantly higher in individuals with metabolic syndrome. Regression analysis showed significant associations between these sphingolipids and waist circumference, blood pressure, insulin resistance, HDL, and TG.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Sport Sciences
James L. Nuzzo, Matheus D. Pinto, Kazunori Nosaka
Summary: Since the 1970s, researchers have been studying the potential difference in muscle fatigue between maximal eccentric and concentric resistance exercise. Our paper aimed to review studies comparing acute changes in muscle strength after bouts of these exercises. We identified 30 relevant studies, which showed that both exercises caused significant strength loss, but the loss was less in lower-body muscles during eccentric exercise. We also found evidence of similar strength loss in the eccentric and concentric phases during coupled exercises.
SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE & SCIENCE IN SPORTS
(2023)
Article
Sport Sciences
James L. Nuzzo, Matheus D. Pinto, Kazunori Nosaka
Summary: Connected adaptive resistance exercise (CARE) machines are new technology that can adjust resistance exercise loads in response to muscle fatigue. This study found that different protocols of maximal effort bicep curl exercise on a CARE machine can effectively induce muscle fatigue, with women being more sensitive to fatigue in the eccentric phase and men being more sensitive to fatigue in the concentric phase.
SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE & SCIENCE IN SPORTS
(2023)
Article
Sport Sciences
James L. Nuzzo, Matheus D. Pinto, Kazunori Nosaka
Summary: Eccentric resistance exercise and its potential benefits have attracted the interest of researchers and practitioners in the past years, but its delivery has been challenging due to equipment limitations. This paper introduces the concept of connected adaptive resistance exercise (CARE) technology, which adjusts resistance in real time based on the individual's force, and explores its potential to improve the delivery of eccentric resistance exercise in various settings. The use of CARE technology has implications for sports medicine, physiotherapy, exercise physiology, and strength and conditioning, but further investigations are needed to assess its impact on participation and clinical outcomes.
Review
Sport Sciences
James L. Nuzzo, Matheus D. Pinto, Kazunori Nosaka, James Steele
Summary: For decades, researchers have noted that eccentric muscle strength is greater than concentric muscle strength. This study aimed to determine the magnitude of the ECC:CON ratio in human skeletal muscle and investigate the impact of sex, age, joint actions/exercises, and movement velocity. The results showed that the ECC:CON ratio was 1.41 on average, with slight differences between men (1.38) and women (1.47) and greater ratios in older adults (1.62) compared to younger adults (1.39). The ratio varied across joint actions/exercises and was most affected by movement velocity.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Alice Marra, Adele Bondesan, Diana Caroli, Graziano Grugni, Alessandro Sartorio
Summary: The study demonstrates the usefulness of neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in evaluating metabolic syndrome (MetS) in obese individuals. The prevalence of MetS is higher in adults compared to children/adolescents, and NLR values are positively correlated with MetS severity in adults but not in pediatric subjects.
BMC ENDOCRINE DISORDERS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Gianfrancesco Fiorini, Matteo Franchi, Giacomo Pellegrini, Antonello Emilio Rigamonti, Alessandro Sartorio, Nicoletta Marazzi, Giovanni Corrao, Silvano Gabriele Cella
Summary: This study investigated the burden and management of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in undocumented migrants receiving medical care in Milan, Italy. The results showed that 32.2% of the participants had at least one NCD, with Latin American migrants having the highest risk of chronic diseases. These findings highlight the need to consider the different health burdens and needs of undocumented migrants in public health interventions.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Graziano Grugni, Alessandro Sartorio, Davide Soranna, Antonella Zambon, Lucia Grugni, Giuseppe Zampino, Antonino Crino
Summary: PWS is a complex disorder caused by the failure of paternal allele expression on chromosome 15. This study found that long-term GH treatment can improve body fat distribution and body composition in PWS patients. However, the increase in glucose values during GH therapy should be considered, and continuous surveillance of glucose metabolism is mandatory during long-term GH therapy, especially in obese patients.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Antonello E. Rigamonti, Michele Dei Cas, Diana Caroli, Adele Bondesan, Silvano G. Cella, Rita Paroni, Alessandro Sartorio
Summary: Ceramide risk score (CERT1) has been reported as a potential marker for cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk prediction. This study aimed to evaluate CERT1 in obese subjects with and without metabolic syndrome (MetS) and compared them to a normal-weight group. Obesity was associated with higher CERT1 values, and the predictors of CERT1 included waist circumference, insulin resistance, and inflammation. However, the clinical diagnosis of MetS may not accurately assess CVD risk in the obese population.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Sport Sciences
Tomoko Koeda, Georgios Mavropalias, Kazue Mizumura, Kimiaki Katanosaka, Kazunori Nosaka
Summary: This study suggests that an increase in NGF is associated with the development of DOMS in humans.
SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE & SCIENCE IN SPORTS
(2023)
Article
Sport Sciences
Trevor C. Chen, Hsin-Lian Chen, Wei-Chin Tseng, Tai-Ying Chou, Jui-Hung Tu, Allen C. Parcell, Kazunori Nosaka
Summary: The present study compared the effects of ipsilateral and contralateral repeated bouts of exercise on the elbow and knee flexor muscles, and found that the protective effect was similar between the two muscle groups.
SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE & SCIENCE IN SPORTS
(2023)
Review
Sport Sciences
James L. Nuzzo, Matheus D. Pinto, Kazunori Nosaka, James Steele
Summary: The maximal number of repetitions that can be completed at various percentages of 1RM is an important factor in resistance exercise programming. This study conducted a meta-regression analysis to estimate the mean and standard deviation of repetitions at different percentages of 1RM, and explored the potential moderating effects of sex, age, training status, and exercise type. The findings suggest that the relationship between repetitions and %1RM is best described by natural cubic splines and a linear model. The bench press and leg press exercises showed different results, requiring separate tables for repetitions. Overall, little influence of sex, age, or training status on the relationship between repetitions and %1RM was found.
Article
Biology
Matheus Daros Pinto, Kazunori Nosaka, James M. Wakeling, Anthony J. Blazevich
Summary: This study investigated how the differences in fascicle and muscle length calculation methods affect the magnitude of muscle gear, and whether these differences have implications for comparative physiology in animals and humans. The results showed that the gear magnitude varied depending on the calculation method used, particularly the changes in muscle length.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Gianfrancesco Fiorini, Giacomo Pellegrini, Matteo Franchi, Angela Ida Pincelli, Antonello Emilio Rigamonti, Giovanni Corrao, Alessandro Sartorio, Silvano Gabriele Cella
Summary: Diabetes prevalence is increasing globally, particularly among certain populations. Little is known about the health conditions of undocumented migrants, who contribute to the spread of diabetes in host countries. This retrospective study compared the treatment and medication usage between Italians with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and undocumented migrants. The results showed that undocumented migrants received fewer medications for cardiovascular conditions compared to Italians, suggesting a need for better treatment for diabetes and its comorbidities in this population.