Journal
JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
Volume 115, Issue 18, Pages -Publisher
AMER INST PHYSICS
DOI: 10.1063/1.4875381
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Funding
- University of Melbourne
- CSIRO
- Flexible Electronics Theme of the CSIRO Future Manufacturing Flagship
- Australian Renewable Energy Agency through the Australian Centre for Advanced Photovoltaics
- ARC [DP110105341, 0985325, 130102134]
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The effect of doping and porosity of the n-type ZnO layer on the performance of solution-processed, sintered p-CdTe/n-ZnO nanocrystal photovoltaic (PV) devices is investigated. Amorphous sol-gel ZnO is found to be the best candidate with overall energy conversion efficiencies above 8% obtained if the ZnO is also indium doped. We demonstrate that when such PV devices are left under forward bias (in dark or light), the device efficiency values are raised to at least 9.8%, due to a substantially increased open-circuit voltage and fill-factor. This drastic enhancement is attributed to improved band alignment at the ITO/CdTe interface. The forward-bias treatment is slowly reversed over a period of days to weeks on standing under open circuit conditions, but is readily restored with further voltage treatment. The moderate processing conditions and high efficiency of such devices demonstrate that nanocrystal-based systems are a promising technology for photovoltaics. (C) 2014 AIP Publishing LLC.
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