Article
Engineering, Environmental
Wei Yuan, Yongli Zhang, Luqman Riaz, Qingxiang Yang, Bingbing Du, Ruifei Wang
Summary: The study found that antibiotic resistant bacteria of Enterobacteriaceae are prevalent in various environments, with a high percentage showing multidrug resistance. There is a diverse range of /9-lactamase genes in Enterobacteriaceae from different sources. Hospital and livestock manure isolates of Enterobacteriaceae exhibit a greater variety of gene cassettes.
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Raffaella Sabatino, Pedro J. Cabello-Yeves, Ester M. Eckert, Gianluca Corno, Cristiana Callieri, Diego Brambilla, Nina Dzhembekova, Snejana Moncheva, Andrea Di Cesare
Summary: Seas and oceans serve as a global reservoir of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). This study analyzed metagenomic data from the Black Sea and found that ARGs were more abundant in the deep water layers, with depth being the main driver of ARG and metal resistance gene (MRG) diversity. The integron integrase gene abundance and composition were not influenced by water depth and did not correlate with ARGs. Some of the obtained MAGs harbored intI gene along with multiple ARGs and MRGs, suggesting the presence of multidrug resistant bacteria and the involvement of MRGs and integrons in ARG selection.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
(2022)
Article
Biology
Jilong Ren, Tang Hai, Yangcan Chen, Ke Sun, Zhiqiang Han, Jing Wang, Chongyang Li, Qingwei Wang, Leyun Wang, Huabing Zhu, Dawei Yu, Wei Li, Shanjiang Zhao
Summary: Multiple gene editing was achieved in large animals using Cas12i(Max), resulting in the generation of phenotypically stable pigs and cattle with improved growth performance and muscle quality. These results verified the effectiveness of Cas12i(Max) for gene editing in livestock animals.
SCIENCE CHINA-LIFE SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Timothy M. Ghaly, Anahit Penesyan, Alexander Pritchard, Qin Qi, Vaheesan Rajabal, Sasha G. Tetu, Michael R. Gillings
Summary: Integrons are genetic elements in microbes that can spread gene cassettes. They are mainly known for spreading antibiotic resistance cassettes among human pathogens. However, gene cassettes encode a wide range of functions important for bacterial adaptation. This study presents reproducible methods for amplifying, processing, and validating gene cassette amplicons from complex communities. The methods can consistently recover thousands of unique cassettes per sample and up to hundreds of different integron integrases. The recovered cassettes confer various functions, including antibiotic resistance.
MICROBIAL GENOMICS
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Cai-Xia Zhao, Xiao-Xuan Su, Mei-Rong Xu, Xin-Li An, Jian-Qiang Su
Summary: The study found integrons associated with antibiotic resistance genes in raw vegetables; cucumber and cabbage had the highest abundance of integron genes; 32 different resistance gene cassettes were detected in the integrons, with most being related to resistance to beta-lactam and aminoglycoside; carrot endophytes had the highest proportion of antibiotic resistance gene cassettes in class 1 integrons.
ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY
(2022)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Peng Liu, Yanbin Zhou, Xinyi Shi, Yu Yuan, Ying Peng, Surong Hua, Qiange Luo, Jinsong Ding, Yong Li, Wenhu Zhou
Summary: By constructing a multifunctional nano-reactor, resistance factors in the tumor microenvironment can be reversed to enhance the efficacy of photodynamic therapy.
JOURNAL OF NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Niyaz Ali, Yinfu Lin, Ligeng Jiang, Izhar Ali, Ishtiaq Ahmed, Kashif Akhtar, Bing He, Ronghui Wen
Summary: This study investigated the impact of biochar, manure, and their combination on integrons, gene cassettes, and antimicrobial resistance in paddy soil. The results showed that manure increased the abundance and diversity of integrons and antimicrobial resistance, while biochar reduced them.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Meng Wang, Ying-Xian Goh, Cui Tai, Hui Wang, Zixin Deng, Hong-Yu Ou
Summary: VRprofile2 is an updated pipeline that rapidly identifies diverse mobile genetic elements in bacterial genome sequences. It provides user-friendly visualization to investigate the relationship between antibiotic resistance genes and various mobile elements. The pipeline also includes predicted strain's sequence typing, incompatibility group, and plasmid transferability to efficiently examine the relationship between antibiotic resistance genes, mobile elements, and host strains. VRprofile2 is freely available and comes with an updated backend database of active mobile elements.
NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Xin-Li An, Olusegun K. Abass, Cai-Xia Zhao, Mei-Rong Xu, Ting Pan, Qiang Pu, Hu Liao, Hu Li, Yong-Guan Zhu, Jian-Qiang Su
Summary: The study revealed that class 1 integron integrase genes were most abundant in manured soils and sewages, and long-term manure application exacerbated the enrichment of antibiotic resistance genes and integrase genes. Antibiotics and heavy metals showed no impact on the resistome profile. Sewage treatment efficiently removed integrase genes and antibiotic resistance gene cassettes, with some persistent ARGs in soils and sewages even after treatment. This study highlights that soil and sewage serve as potential reservoirs for integron-mediated transfer of ARGs, with anthropogenic activity playing a crucial role in the prevalence and diversity of resistance gene cassettes in integrons.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Review
Microbiology
Basharat Ahmad Bhat, Rakeeb Ahmad Mir, Hafsa Qadri, Rohan Dhiman, Abdullah Almilaibary, Mustfa Alkhanani, Manzoor Ahmad Mir
Summary: Antibiotic resistance development and pathogen cross-dissemination are major risks to human health globally. Integrons play a central role in the transfer and assembly of antimicrobial resistance genes in bacteria, and are considered a dangerous reservoir of resistance determinants. Class 1 integrons, in particular, are frequently associated with antimicrobial resistance in humans and are potential targets for therapeutics. Studying integrons can provide valuable insights into resistance and pathogenicity.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Weiwei Wang, Xiaojuan Wei, Lingyu Wu, Xiaofei Shang, Fusheng Cheng, Bing Li, Xuzheng Zhou, Jiyu Zhang
Summary: This study examines antibiotic resistance in the bacterial community of yak, beef, and dairy cattle gut microbiota. It found that the resistance genes were related to commonly used antibiotics and that different feeding patterns may lead to the emergence, prevalence, and differences in resistance genes. The study also showed that yak had lower abundance of ARGs but higher abundance of integron compared to beef and dairy cattle.
JOURNAL OF ANTIBIOTICS
(2021)
Article
Entomology
Mathilda Idier, Myriam Siegwart, Benoit Barres, Sandrine Maugin, Jerome Olivares, Bertrand Gauffre
Summary: This study aimed to decipher the molecular mechanisms involved in the insecticide resistance of the codling moth and identify genetic markers associated with resistance. Through experimental evolution and RNA sequencing, both known and novel genes involved in resistance were identified.
ENTOMOLOGIA GENERALIS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Zhen Nie, Shuzhe Shi, Bohong Wu, Xueqin Huang
Summary: A new model and an in-house software have been developed to accurately predict the axial force of completion string in horizontal wells. The results of calculation and analysis indicate the reliability of the predicted values, and the success of the subsequent oilfield construction and completion design.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Callum MacPhillamy, Hamid Alinejad-Rokny, Wayne S. Pitchford, Wai Yee Low
Summary: Machine learning methods have shown the ability to identify enhancers in non-model mammalian species. By using enhancer data from humans and mice, we identified numerous enhancer-like regions in the genomes of cattle, pigs, and dogs. These predicted enhancers are expected to be valuable for the research community.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Daniel H. Cusworth, Andrew K. Thorpe, Alana K. Ayasse, David Stepp, Joseph Heckler, Gregory P. Asner, Charles E. Miller, Vineet Yadav, John W. Chapman, Michael L. Eastwood, Robert O. Green, Benjamin Hmiel, David R. Lyon, Riley M. Duren
Summary: Understanding, quantifying, and attributing methane emissions from facility to regional scales is crucial for effectively reducing methane emissions. This study deployed a tiered observing system to quantify and attribute methane emissions in multiple basins in the United States. The study found that point source emissions, which make up an average of 40% of the regional flux, exhibit a bimodal structure in emission timescales. With improved airborne and satellite observing capabilities in the future, tiered observing systems will be able to more comprehensively quantify and attribute methane emissions.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)