Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Hani Zaidi, Tonje Aksnes, Sissel akra, Heidi B. Eggesbo, Rune Byrkjeland, Ingebjorg Seljeflot, Trine B. Opstad
Summary: This study found that increased amount of adipose tissue (AT) is associated with lower levels of adiponectin and increased levels of TNF alpha AT expression. Circulating adiponectin is inversely correlated with insulin sensitivity, insulin, C-peptide, and waist circumference.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Cuili Pan, Chaoyun Yang, Shuzhe Wang, Yun Ma
Summary: This study utilized WGCNA to analyze gene expression data of bovine adipose tissue, identifying key genes and functionally enriched pathways associated with different types of adipose tissue. The results revealed key genes and enriched metabolic pathways related to different adipose tissue types, providing insights into the molecular mechanisms of adipose tissue.
FRONTIERS IN GENETICS
(2022)
Article
Agronomy
Angelica Bren, Yury Denisenko, Evgeniya Prazdnova, Mariya Mazanko, Andrey Gorovtsov, Vladimir Chistyakov, Viktor Pakhomov, Dmitry Rudoy, Anastasiya Olshevskaya
Summary: A synbiotic preparation based on two strains of B. licheniformis was developed to mitigate the negative effects of mycotoxins in cattle feed. The genomes of these strains were analyzed to explore their potential for producing bioactive metabolites. Experimental studies on animals demonstrated that the synbiotic preparation effectively counteracted the negative impacts of mycotoxins on weight gain in heifer calves and reduced the levels of alkaline phosphatase to normal values. The presence of lactonase genes and the synthesis of antimicrobial and bioactive metabolites seem to contribute to the probiotic effects of these strains.
Article
Cell Biology
Shree Bose, Qiang Huang, Yunhan Ma, Lihua Wang, Grecia O. Rivera, Yunxin Ouyang, Regina Whitaker, Rebecca A. Gibson, Christopher D. Kontos, Andrew Berchuck, Rebecca A. Previs, Xiling Shen
Summary: Ovarian cancer cells in the omental microenvironment experience oxidative stress and adapt to this challenge through metabolic reprogramming. Inhibition of the key enzyme G6PD in the pentose phosphate pathway reduces tumor burden in OC.
Article
Immunology
Michal Konwerski, Agnieszka Gromadka, Adam Arendarczyk, Marta Koblowska, Roksana Iwanicka-Nowicka, Radoslaw Wilimski, Pawel Czub, Krzysztof Jerzy Filipiak, Piotr Hendzel, Piotr Zielenkiewicz, Grzegorz Opolski, Aleksandra Gasecka, Tomasz Mazurek
Summary: Perivascular release of inflammatory mediators may accelerate coronary lesion formation and contribute to plaque instability. The study revealed altered gene expression in PCAT of CAD patients, with upregulation of genes involved in inflammation and atherosclerosis, and downregulation of genes related to cardiac ischemia, remodeling, platelet function, and mitochondrial function. This suggests that genes in PCAT may play a role in CAD development and progression.
JOURNAL OF INFLAMMATION RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Jones Gyamfi, Joo Hye Yeo, Doru Kwon, Byung Soh Min, Yoon Jin Cha, Ja Seung Koo, Joon Jeong, Jinu Lee, Junjeong Choi
Summary: Adipocytes influence breast cancer behavior by releasing fatty acids into the tumor microenvironment. CD36 serves as a key mediator in the import and metabolism of fatty acids in cancer cells, interacting with STAT3 to drive tumor progression. Inhibition of CD36 and FABP4 induces apoptosis in tumor cells, indicating their potential as therapeutic targets in the tumor microenvironment.
Review
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Dong Qiao Peng, Stephen B. Smith, Hong Gu Lee
Summary: The development of intramuscular adipose tissue and muscle in cattle is dependent on cell hyperplasia and hypertrophy, with Vitamin A playing a regulatory role in both processes. Vitamin A supplementation and restriction have opposite effects on adipose tissue development and muscle growth in beef cattle. The timing and level of Vitamin A restriction can interact with the alcohol dehydrogenase-1C (ADH1C) genotype to impact marbling and intramuscular adipose tissue development in cattle, ultimately affecting beef quality.
JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Sara J. Lupton, David J. Smith, Eric Scholljegerdes, Shanna Ivey, Wendy Young, Susan Genualdi, Lowri DeJager, Abigail Snyder, Emilio Esteban, John J. Johnston
Summary: Plasma and ear notch samples were taken from Holstein cows and heifers to study the accumulation of PFAS. Shorter PFAS did not accumulate in plasma or skin, while longer PFAS accumulated in both. It took at least 1 year of exposure for PFAS to reach steady-state concentrations in plasma. Lactation status had a significant effect on PFAS concentrations in ear notch samples.
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Muhammad Ali Mohsin, Huiru Yu, Rongze He, Peng Wang, Linli Gan, Yulan Du, Yunfei Huang, Muhammad Bakhsh Abro, Sarmad Sohaib, Mariusz Pierzchala, Przemyslaw Sobiech, Klaudia Mietkiewska, Chandra S. Pareek, Bao Xiang He
Summary: This study investigated the changes in blood parameters and liver function indicators, as well as the expression of related genes in adipose tissue, in ketotic cows and healthy control cows. The results showed that during the postpartum period, ketotic cows had higher plasma levels of GH, which may lead to the mobilization of adipose tissue and the occurrence of hyperketonemia.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Qiangwei Zhou, Pengpeng Guan, Zhixian Zhu, Sheng Cheng, Cong Zhou, Huanhuan Wang, Qian Xu, Wing-kin Sung, Guoliang Li
Summary: DNA methylation is a stable epigenetic modification that plays crucial roles in cell differentiation, development, X chromosome inactivation, and disease. Allele-specific DNA methylation (ASM) is an established mechanism in genomic imprinting, closely related to tumorigenesis and plant development. The establishment of a comprehensive ASM database and in-depth analysis across multiple species revealed potential ASM-related genes in cancer and provided valuable insights into the functions of ASM in diseases and development.
NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Chaoyun Yang, Zengwen Huang, Cuili Pan, Shuzhe Wang
Summary: This study identified critical signatures and biological processes associated with feed efficiency in beef cattle by analyzing liver transcriptome data. Differences in feed efficiency between Angus and Charolais cattle were found to be related to substance metabolism, energy metabolism, and gene transcription. The study also identified five key candidate genes associated with hepatic lipid metabolism.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Elena Marisol Cruz-Garcia, Maria E. Frigolet, Samuel Canizales-Quinteros, Ruth Gutierrez-Aguilar
Summary: The main roles of adipose tissue are to store triglycerides and secrete adipokines, which regulate energy balance and inflammation. In obesity, dysfunction of adipocytes leads to inflammation and insulin resistance. This systematic review aimed to identify differentially expressed genes in subcutaneous adipose tissue of lean, obese, and post-RYGB individuals. The results showed that both the lean state and post-RYGB are similar in terms of increased expression of insulin-sensitizing molecules, promoting lipogenesis over lipolysis, and downregulating factors that promote inflammation.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Alexandre Pinel, Jean-Paul Rigaudiere, Beatrice Morio, Frederic Capel
Summary: The study showed that continuous intake of EPA-rich fish oil for three generations could reduce activation of inflammatory processes, maintain metabolic homeostasis, and decrease dysregulation of cholesterol metabolism and mitochondrial functions in response to an obesogenic diet. Continuous intake of long chain n-3 PUFA may be beneficial in preventing the effects of energy-dense, nutrient-poor foods.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Luchao Yu, Qiang Shi, Baokun Zhang, Jianguang Xu
Summary: The study addressed the indirect effects of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) on spinal fusion through macrophages, finding that posterior spinal fusion is improved by placental growth factor (PlGF)-expressing MSCs, likely through attracting macrophages and inducing their M2 polarization, which promotes bone formation.
LABORATORY INVESTIGATION
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Jigme Dorji, Iona M. MacLeod, Amanda J. Chamberlain, Christy J. Vander Jagt, Phuong N. Ho, Majid Khansefid, Brett A. Mason, Claire P. Prowse-Wilkins, Leah C. Marett, William J. Wales, Benjamin G. Cocks, Jennie E. Pryce, Hans D. Daetwyler
Summary: The study found that animals with high RFI require more energy to achieve weight gain or milk production compared to animals with low RFI. Differential expression of MiP genes between H_RFI and L_RFI groups suggests a link between cellular energy demand and feed efficiency differences in dairy cattle.
JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE
(2021)