Article
Genetics & Heredity
Xianrui Zheng, Ke Nie, Yiliang Xu, Huibin Zhang, Fan Xie, Liming Xu, Zhiyong Zhang, Yueyun Ding, Zongjun Yin, Xiaodong Zhang
Summary: This study analyzed the differences in gut microbial structures and fecal metabolic profile between post-weaning diarrhea and healthy Chinese Wannan Black pigs using 16S rRNA gene sequencing and LC/MS-based metabolomics. The results revealed an increase in the relative abundance of the bacterial genus Campylobacter and a decrease in phylum Bacteroidetes and the species Streptococcus gallolyticus subsp. macedonicus in piglet diarrhea. Significant changes in the fecal metabolic profile, particularly higher levels of polyamines (spermine and spermidine), were also detected in diarrheic piglets. Furthermore, there were substantial associations between the disturbed gut microbiota and the altered fecal metabolites, especially a strong positive relationship between spermidine and Campylobacter.
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Gang Zhang, Guoqing Hu, Zhenyan Yang, Jinbiao Zhao
Summary: TBZC as an alternative to ZnO showed positive effects on growth performance and fecal microbiota of weaned piglets, reducing zinc excretion and improving growth.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Federico Correa, Diana Luise, Clara Negrini, Roberta Ruggeri, Paolo Bosi, Paolo Trevisi
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of two MS formulas and compare manual and automatic administration on the growth performance, health, fecal microbial profile, behavior, and skin lesions of piglets. The results showed that automatic administration of MS1 had the lowest mortality during the suckling period, while manual administration of MS1 had lower mortality compared to other groups. MS1 increased microbial diversity and favored the presence of SCFAs producing bacteria. In conclusion, the composition and availability of MS can reduce piglet mortality and affect intestinal microbiota.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Diana Luise, Mathilde Le Sciellour, Arnaud Buchet, Remi Resmond, Charlene Clement, Marie-Noelle Rossignol, Deborah Jardet, Olivier Zemb, Catherine Belloc, Elodie Merlot
Summary: This study investigates the fecal microbiota of piglets in different living environments during the weaning transition and identifies characteristics associated with good growth of piglets after weaning. The study reveals the impact of rearing environment on microbial composition and development, as well as the presence of ubiquitous enterotypes among different farms reflecting maturational stages of microbiota.
Article
Allergy
Tihong Shao, Ronald Hsu, Camelia Hacein-Bey, Weici Zhang, Lixia Gao, Mark J. Kurth, Huanhuan Zhao, Zongwen Shuai, Patrick S. C. Leung
Summary: The gut microbiota plays important physiological roles and maintaining immune homeostasis. Imbalanced gut microbiome is associated with various diseases, and fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) has shown efficacy in restoring normal gut microbiota homeostasis. This review aims to increase our understanding of the mechanisms and efficacies of FMT in human diseases, discussing its application, limitations, safety, and suggested mechanisms in recurrent Clostridioides difficile infection (rCDI), autoimmune diseases, and cancer. Future perspectives of FMT in human medicine are also addressed.
CLINICAL REVIEWS IN ALLERGY & IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Chao Yan, Jinlong Xiao, Zhiwei Li, Hao Liu, Xinjie Zhao, Jian Liu, Siyu Chen, Xingbo Zhao
Summary: The study found that transferring fecal microbiota from aged broilers donors to recipients can improve body weight, behavior, intestinal development, and gut microbiota composition. Fearfulness was higher in the control group compared to the broiler recipient group, while intestinal development indicators were also higher in the BR group. Beta diversity of gut microbiota showed differences between the CK and BR groups.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Yang Yang, Yadan Liu, Juan Liu, Haizhen Wang, Yulong Guo, Min Du, Chunbo Cai, Yan Zhao, Chang Lu, Xiaohong Guo, Guoqing Cao, Zhibian Duan, Bugao Li, Pengfei Gao
Summary: This study investigated the gastrointestinal microbiota of Jinfen White and Mashen piglets at different growth stages. It found that Jinfen White piglets had higher body weight and daily weight gain after weaning compared to Mashen piglets and identified several microbial genera that were significantly correlated with piglet growth. The results provide insights into fecal microbiota succession patterns in piglets and emphasize the importance of meticulous management in pig production.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Ryo Inoue, Hikari Otabi, Taiga Yamashita, Naoya Takizawa, Toshinobu Kido, Akira Sugiyama, Makoto Ozeki, Aya Abe, Takamitsu Tsukahara
Summary: The study demonstrated that PHGG could modify the gut microbiota of weanling piglets, potentially promoting body weight gains and overall health.
Article
Microbiology
Xin Ma, Yuchen Zhang, Tingting Xu, Mengqi Qian, Zhiren Yang, Xiuan Zhan, Xinyan Han
Summary: The study showed that early-life FMT can alleviate weaning stress in piglets by modifying the intestinal microbiota, leading to decreased diarrhea incidence, improved intestinal morphology, reduced intestinal inflammation, and modified bacterial composition and function in the intestine.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ivana Cibulkova, Veronika Rehorova, Jan Hajer, Frantisek Duska
Summary: The human gut microbiota is a dynamic ecosystem consisting of bacteria, archaea, fungi, and viruses that play a crucial role in maintaining human health. Dysbiosis, or disruption of the gut microbiota, can increase susceptibility to various diseases, leading to rapid overgrowth of pathogenic bacteria in critically ill patients. Restoring a healthy microbiota through fecal microbiota transplantation is a promising concept, especially in intensive care settings, but further research is needed to fully understand its potential benefits and safety in various clinical conditions.
Article
Plant Sciences
Hongxu Zhou, Jiaming Zhao, Caihong Liu, Zhengfeng Zhang, Yi Zhang, Dali Meng
Summary: This study investigates the mechanism underlying the anti-Alzheimer's disease (AD) effect of Xanthoceraside (XAN). The results show that XAN modulates the gut microbiota community to ameliorate AD-induced learning and memory deficits in rats. The findings suggest that XAN could be developed as a potential anti-AD drug by targeting the gut microbiota.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Barbara U. Metzler-Zebeli, Arife Sener-Aydemir, S. Sharma, Frederike Lerch
Summary: Research on intestinal short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) in neonatal piglets is limited, but this study found that SCFA can be detected in feces and play an important role in intestinal development and function in the early days of life. Creep feeding promotes fermentation in the distal colon, which may benefit gut homeostasis.
JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Tierah Hinchliffe, Mirielle L. Pauline, Pamela R. Wizzard, Juan Jovel, Patrick N. Nation, Paul W. Wales, Karen L. Madsen, Justine M. Turner
Summary: This study investigated the safety and feasibility of fecal microbial transplant (FMT) to alter intestinal microbial composition in neonatal piglets with short-bowel syndrome (SBS). The results showed that FMT treatment induced transient changes to the intestinal microbiota in SBS piglets, but these changes did not persist long-term. Furthermore, FMT treatment did not increase the risk of sepsis or mortality in SBS piglets.
JOURNAL OF PARENTERAL AND ENTERAL NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Shuai Liu, Yunxia Xiong, Shuting Cao, Xiaolu Wen, Hao Xiao, Yajing Li, Lei Chi, Dongsheng He, Zongyong Jiang, Li Wang
Summary: This study investigates the effects of supplementing the diet of weaned piglets with stevia residue extract (SRE) on their growth performance, intestinal health, and antioxidant capacity. The results show that adding 200 mg/kg of SRE to the diet significantly reduces the incidence of diarrhea in piglets. Additionally, supplementing the diet with 400 mg/kg of SRE improves antioxidant levels and increases the abundance of beneficial bacteria in the gut.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Xiuying Wang, Kan Xiao, Cheng Yu, Longmei Wang, Tianzeng Liang, Huiling Zhu, Xiao Xu, Yulan Liu
Summary: XOS enhances intestinal mucosal integrity, regulates gene expression, and influences the microbial community structure, inhibiting inflammatory response and beneficially altering microbes and metabolites in the hindgut to protect the intestine from inflammation-related injury.
Article
Toxicology
Janneke Elzinga, Menno Grouls, Guido J. E. J. Hooiveld, Meike van der Zande, Hauke Smidt, Hans Bouwmeester
Summary: There is a need for standardized in vitro models of the human intestinal tract to study intestinal health without using animals. The Caco-2 cell line is a widely accepted and characterized model for studying intestinal drug transport, host-microbe interactions, and toxicity. We investigated the effect of different experimental variables on gene expression using transcriptome analysis of Caco-2 cells grown on permeable membranes. Our analysis revealed a weak association between experimental variables and gene expression, possibly due to heterogeneity in cell culture practice and inadequate reporting. This highlights the need for improved reporting protocols and serves as a template for future comparative studies.
ARCHIVES OF TOXICOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Sara N. Jimenez-Volkerink, Joaquim Vila, Maria Jordan, Cristina Minguillon, Hauke Smidt, Magdalena Grifoll
Summary: Polar biotransformation products have been found to cause an increase in genotoxicity after the bioremediation of PAH-contaminated soils. The microorganisms and mechanisms underlying their further biodegradation have not been fully understood.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Ton That Huu Dat, Georg Steinert, Nguyen Thi Kim Cuc, Pham Viet Cuong, Hauke Smidt, Detmer Sipkema
Summary: Recent reviews have shown that sponge-associated bacteria are valuable sources of structurally diverse secondary metabolites with potent biological activities, making these microbial communities promising for new drug candidates. However, accessing the overall diversity of secondary metabolite biosynthetic potential in bacteria is challenging due to the difficulty in culturing the majority of bacteria in the laboratory. This study investigates the diversity of secondary metabolite biosynthetic gene clusters in metagenomes of bacterial communities associated with three different sponge species and identifies numerous potential gene clusters for the production of novel compounds.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
D. J. M. Barnett, M. F. Endika, C. E. Klostermann, F. Gu, C. Thijs, A. Nauta, H. A. Schols, H. Smidt, I. C. W. Arts, J. Penders
Summary: The infant gut microbiota is influenced by antibiotic exposures and prebiotic oligosaccharides found in breast milk. This study analyzed the stool microbiota of 1023 one-month-old infants and found that breastfeeding and antibiotic exposure both decrease gut microbial diversity, but have different effects on microbiota composition. Other factors such as C-section, homebirth, siblings, and exposure to animals also impact microbiota composition. Understanding these factors can help protect and promote a healthy infant gut microbiota.
Article
Agricultural Engineering
M. Atasoy, W. T. Scott Jr., K. van Gijn, J. J. Koehorst, H. Smidt, A. A. M. Langenhoff
Summary: Optimizing bioreactor performance is crucial for sustainable and energy-efficient removal of micropollutants in tertiary treatment. The resident microbial community plays a significant role in bioreactor performance, hence a deeper understanding of community dynamics is essential. By characterizing the microbial communities in three different bioreactors used for organic matter removal, an interdependency between bioreactor performance and microbial community profile was observed. A generalized Lotka-Volterra model was established to understand the interactions in the microbial community and develop strategies for improving bioreactor performance.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Yangwenshan Ou, Clara Belzer, Hauke Smidt, Carolina de Weerth
Summary: The study investigated the development of gut microbiota in children during the first 14 years of life and its relation to mental health problems in puberty. The analysis of fecal microbiota composition revealed the presence of four distinct microbial clusters in puberty. Prevotella 9 and Faecalibacterium were found to be associated with externalizing behavior and social anxiety, respectively. Further studies are needed to validate these findings and explore the underlying mechanisms.
EUROPEAN CHILD & ADOLESCENT PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Review
Pediatrics
Desiree F. Baaleman, Carrie A. M. Wegh, Tessa J. M. de Leeuw, Faridi S. van Etten-Jamaludin, Elaine E. Vaughan, Margriet H. C. Schoterman, Clara Belzer, Hauke Smidt, Merit M. Tabbers, Marc A. Benninga, Ilan J. N. Koppen
Summary: A systematic review was conducted to estimate normal reference values for defecation frequency and stool consistency in healthy children up to age 4. The results showed that younger infants have a higher frequency of defecation compared to young children, and the type of feeding and age also have an impact on defecation frequency and stool consistency.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Martha F. Endika, David J. M. Barnett, Cynthia E. Klostermann, Henk A. Schols, Ilja C. W. Arts, John Penders, Arjen Nauta, Hauke Smidt, Koen Venema
Summary: Antibiotic exposure disrupts infant gut microbiota, but the ability to recover from this disruption depends on the type of antibiotic. This study investigated the effect of two common infant prebiotics, 2'-fucosyllactose (2'-FL) and galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS), on the resilience of the gut microbiota after exposure to amoxicillin/clavulanate. The results showed that the prebiotics supported the recovery of the microbiota and restored the production of beneficial fatty acids.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Andrea Aldas-Vargas, Jannigje G. G. Kers, Hauke Smidt, Huub H. M. Rijnaarts, Nora B. B. Sutton
Summary: Groundwater in The Netherlands is the main source of drinking water, but pesticide presence threatens its quality. Biodegradation is a natural process that can help remove pesticides. However, the oligotrophic groundwater conditions may limit biodegradation due to the lack of microbial communities capable of degrading pesticides. In this study, bioaugmentation with enriched mixed inocula was used to enhance pesticide biodegradation, and the effect of different redox conditions on biodegradation was observed.
Article
Ecology
Asimenia Gavriilidou, Burak Avci, Anastasia Galani, Michelle A. Schorn, Colin J. Ingham, Thijs J. G. Ettema, Hauke Smidt, Detmer Sipkema
Summary: Using genome-centric metagenomics, researchers revealed the phylogenomic placement of the candidate phylum Dadabacteria and predicted the metabolism of sponge-associated members. The results showed that these strains are aerobic heterotrophs capable of synthesizing amino acids, vitamins and cofactors, degrading complex carbohydrates, and exhibiting host-specific gene adaptations. Additionally, fluorescence in situ hybridization revealed the morphology and lifestyle of a member of Ca. Desulfobacterota.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Taojun Wang, Nils Leibrock, Caroline M. Plugge, Hauke Smidt, Erwin G. Zoetendal
Summary: Methanogens, reductive acetogens, and sulfate-reducing bacteria interact with each other in gut ecosystems, and their interactions may vary depending on environmental conditions.
Article
Environmental Sciences
James M. Tiedje, Yuhao Fu, Zhi Mei, Andreas Schaeffer, Qingyuan Dou, Wulf Amelung, Martin Elsner, Joseph Adu-Gyamfi, Lee Heng, Marko Virta, Xin Jiang, Hauke Smidt, Edward Topp, Fang Wang
Summary: The imprudent use of antibiotics in food production contributes to the spread of antibiotic resistance. This review emphasizes the need for collaborative efforts and preventive measures to mitigate the problem. Strategies such as heightened awareness, strengthened governance, and integrated surveillance systems are proposed to alleviate the burden of antibiotic resistance.
CURRENT OPINION IN ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Caifang Wen, Mirelle Geervliet, Hugo de Vries, Lluis Faba, Petra J. Roubos-van den Hil, Kerstin Skovgaard, Huub F. J. Savelkoul, Henk A. Schols, Jerry M. Wells, Edwin Tijhaar, Hauke Smidt
Summary: The study found that adding a fermented feed additive - rye overgrown with mycelium of Agaricus subrufescens can modulate gut microbiota and immune system development in pigs. This supplementation may contribute to improving the health of piglets during the weaning transition period and reducing the use of antibiotics.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Sara N. Jimenez-Volkerink, Maria Jordan, Hauke Smidt, Cristina Minguillon, Joaquim Vila, Magdalena Grifoll
Summary: By studying a specific microbial consortium in PAH-contaminated soils, it was discovered that the degradation of the carcinogenic compound BaAQ may occur through the Baeyer-Villiger monooxygenase (BVMOs) pathway, and that horizontal gene transfer may play a significant role in this degradation process.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Yangwenshan Ou, Eline Rots, Clara Belzer, Hauke Smidt, Carolina de Weerth
Summary: An increasing number of studies have shown the connection between gut microbiota and mental health. This study investigated the composition of gut microbiota in low-risk children during early puberty, and explored the behavioral associations with gut microbiota composition and metabolites. The study also explored the potential role of sex in these associations.