Journal
JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL AND APPLIED PYROLYSIS
Volume 91, Issue 1, Pages 125-133Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
DOI: 10.1016/j.jaap.2011.01.012
Keywords
Calorimetry; Cotton; Flame retardant finishing; Heat release rate; Nylon; Textile flammability
Funding
- Traditional Industrial Program of Georgia [FY 2010]
- USDA Agriculture Experimental Station [csrees/USDA GEO00668]
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Effective testing methods are critical for developing new flame retardant textiles by the industry. However, the current testing methods all have limitations. In this research, we applied micro-scale combustion calorimetry (MCC) for evaluating the flammability of the cotton woven fabric treated with a traditional reactive organophosphorus flame retardant in combination with a synergistic nitrogen-containing additive and the nylon-6,6 woven fabric treated with a hydroxyl-functional organophosphorus oligomer and crosslinkers. We found that MCC is capable of differentiating small differences among the treated fabric samples with similar flammability. MCC is able to make quantitative measurement of the peak heat release rate, the most important parameter related to fire hazard of materials, of textile whereas such analysis is more difficult using cone calorimetry due to textile fabrics' low thickness. By using the thermal combustion parameters measured by MCC, we were able to calculate the limiting oxygen index (LOI) of various treated cotton fabric samples with near-perfect agreement between the experimentally measured and the predicted LOI values of treated cotton fabrics. We also compared the capability of MCC and differential scanning calorimetry for analyzing flame retardant cotton textiles. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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