Journal
JOURNAL OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE
Volume 24, Issue 2, Pages 327-333Publisher
IOS PRESS
DOI: 10.3233/JAD-2011-101872
Keywords
Alpha2HS glycoprotein; Alzheimer's disease; inflammation; tumor necrosis factor-alpha
Categories
Funding
- Institute of Postgraduate Medicine
- Brighton and Sussex Medical School
- London Deanery, United Kingdom
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The significance of vascular risk factors in the development and progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is now widely recognized. Fetuin-A is an abundant plasma protein that predicts vascular risk in a variety of clinical settings. In the context of cerebral ischemia, fetuin-A appears to be anti-inflammatory. Given the apparent importance of neuroinflammation in cognitive decline, we analyzed fetuin-A concentrations and pro-inflammatory cytokine levels in a cohort of 34 patients with mild-to-moderate AD, and compared these to age-matched controls. Further, we analyzed the relationship between plasma fetuin-A concentration and a measure of cognitive impairment using multivariate regression modeling. Plasma fetuin-A concentrations were lower in the patient group (p = 0.006) compared with controls and were significantly correlated with Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score (r = 0.504, p = 0.002). Fetuin-A concentration was also significantly and inversely correlated with plasma TNF-alpha concentration (r =-0.496, p = 0.003). The association between MMSE performance and fetuin-Awas maintained even after multivariate adjustment for other risk factors including TNF-alpha (adjusted R-2 total = 0.371). Using this model, plasma fetuin-A concentration explained 21% of the variance in MMSE scores. Further studies are needed to evaluate whether fetuin-A is related to the progression and pathogenesis of AD.
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