Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Salvatore Fuschillo, Debora Paris, Annabella Tramice, Pasquale Ambrosino, Letizia Palomba, Mauro Maniscalco, Andrea Motta
Summary: COPD is a diverse lung disease that requires personalized approaches and patient-centered rehabilitation programs. Metabolomics, through the analysis of metabolites in biological samples, has the potential to identify novel biomarkers for disease outcome and treatment response in COPD. This review discusses the clinical applications of metabolomic profiling of exhaled breath condensate (EBC) and plasma/serum in COPD.
CURRENT MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Isaac Ikwu, Louis Gardy Nicolas, Alem Mehari, Richard F. Gillum
Summary: This study found that a Fractional concentration of exhaled Nitric Oxide (FeNO) level of 25 ppb or higher was associated with a reduced risk of mortality in patients with asthma and no history of emergency department visits in the previous year. However, there was no significant association between FeNO and mortality in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
RESPIRATORY MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Alvar Agusti, Neil Barnes, Alvaro A. Cruz, Peter G. Gibson, Liam G. Heaney, Hiromasa Inoue, David Leather, Fernando J. Martinez, Vanessa M. McDonald, John Oppenheimer, Alberto Papi, Ian D. Pavord, Mike Thomas, Samantha Walker, Louisa Yates
Summary: Asthma and COPD are prevalent chronic airways diseases that require a personalized and precise management approach. The management strategy based on Treatable Traits shows promise in improving outcomes for patients with chronic airway diseases, but further research is needed to guide implementation.
RESPIRATORY MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Pasquale Ambrosino, Salvatore Fuschillo, Mariasofia Accardo, Marco Mosella, Antonio Molino, Giorgio Alfredo Spedicato, Andrea Motta, Mauro Maniscalco
Summary: This study assessed the short-term variability of FeNO in clinically stable COPD patients. The results showed individual variability of FeNO, apparently unrelated to eosinophil counts but influenced by body weight. Further research is needed to determine whether FeNO can be effectively used for personalized pharmacological and rehabilitation strategies in COPD patients.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Bruna Cuoco Provenzano, Thiago Prudente Bartholo, Kennedy Martins Kirk, Mario Fritsch Neves, Marcelo Ribeiro-Alves, Ana Paula Ramos Barreto, Nadja Polisseni Graca, Paulo Roberto Chauvet Coelho, Claudia Henrique da Costa, Rogerio Rufino
Summary: Nitric oxide (NO) is produced by eosinophilic metabolism and its increase is linked with bronchial remodeling and airway hyperresponsiveness. Fractional exhaled NO (FENO) is used as a marker for eosinophilic inflammation in patients with asthma. This study found that both positive and negative bronchodilation (BD) response groups showed an increase in eosinophil count and FENO values as asthma severity increased. The correlations between FENO and eosinophils, as well as FENO values and BD+, were significant. Measuring FENO levels may help identify patients with positive BD.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Giovanni Forte, Beatrice Bocca, Andrea Pisano, Claudia Collu, Cristiano Farace, Angela Sabalic, Marta Senofonte, Alessandro Giuseppe Fois, Vittorio Lorenzo Mazzarello, Pietro Pirina, Roberto Madeddu
Summary: The study found that IPF patients exhibited significantly increased levels of Cd, Cr, Cu, and Pb in sputum samples, with higher levels of Cr, Cu, and Cd in male IPF patients compared to controls, and increased levels of Cr and Pb in male IPF patients compared to male patients with other lung diseases. Zinc levels were found to increase with disease severity. The Cu/Zn, Fe/Mn, and Cu/Mn ratios were significantly higher in both IPF patients and non-IPF patients compared to controls.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Suh-Young Lee, Hyun-Seung Lee, Heung-Woo Park
Summary: This study investigated the molecular phenotypes of ACO in the elderly and identified two distinct molecular clusters. Cluster 1 was characterized by male and smoker dominance, more severe lung function impairment, and dysfunction in mitochondria and peroxisomes, while Cluster 2 had enhanced innate immune reactions to microorganisms. Recognition of these unique biological pathways will deepen our understanding of ACO in the elderly.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Review
Respiratory System
Shahriyar Shahbazi Khamas, Amir Hossein Alizadeh Bahmani, Susanne J. H. Vijverberg, Paul Brinkman, Anke H. Maitland-van der Zee
Summary: Through a systematic review, we identified a series of exhaled volatile organic compounds (VOCs) associated with risk factors for asthma and/or COPD. The identification of these VOCs is crucial for the further development of exhaled metabolites-based point-of-care tests in these obstructive pulmonary diseases.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Megan Pophal, Zachary W. Grimmett, Clara Chu, Seunghee Margevicius, Thomas Raffay, Kristie Ross, Anjum Jafri, Olivia Giddings, Jonathan S. Stamler, Benjamin Gaston, James D. Reynolds
Summary: The study suggests that F-ENO could reflect airway S-nitrosothiol concentrations and serve as a biomarker for asthma. Inhalational challenge with GSNO resulted in increased F-ENO, indicating a potential non-invasive test for monitoring airway GSNO breakdown.
Review
Cell Biology
Mauro Maniscalco, Salvatore Fuschillo, Ilaria Mormile, Aikaterini Detoraki, Giovanni Sarnelli, Amato de Paulis, Giuseppe Spadaro, Elena Cantone
Summary: Nitric oxide (NO) is an important molecule that plays a significant role as a cellular messenger in various biological processes. Fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) is a convenient method for assessing airway inflammation, particularly in asthma and other allergic conditions, aiding in diagnosis and monitoring.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
David M. G. Halpin
Summary: Precision medicine can be used to manage COPD by targeting treatments based on clinical, physiological features and blood biomarkers. Future advances depend on more precise characterization of individual patients using new techniques. Precision medicine has led to significant improvements in COPD management and clinicians should optimize treatment based on all available information.
CHINESE MEDICAL JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Mauro Maniscalco, Debora Paris, Paola Cuomo, Salvatore Fuschillo, Pasquale Ambrosino, Annabella Tramice, Letizia Palomba, Andrea Motta
Summary: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a heterogeneous disease, and a single strategy of pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) may not achieve the desired outcomes for all patients. This study used nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) profiling of exhaled breath condensate (EBC) and multivariate statistical analysis to investigate the relationship between biomarkers and clinical parameters in COPD patients undergoing PR. The results showed that the metabolic COPD phenotype evolves during PR, and methanol metabolite could serve as a useful biomarker for monitoring personalized outcomes.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hsu-Hui Wang, Shih-Lung Cheng
Summary: COPD is a heterogeneous and complex disorder, making a generalized therapy challenging, personalized strategies may lead to better outcomes. The existing unmet needs for COPD treatment support the continued development of biological therapies.
Article
Respiratory System
Marek Lommatzsch, Sebastian Niels Mohme, Paul Stoll, J. Christian Virchow
Summary: This study analyzed the data of patients with both COPD and asthma who were treated with biologics. The results showed significant improvements in exacerbations, asthma control, and lung function during biologic treatment.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Francesca Ricci, Michele Bassi, Cathy M. McGeough, Gera L. Jellema, Mirco Govoni
Summary: This study successfully established and validated a novel non-invasive processing-free method for RNA sequencing of spontaneous sputum samples collected from COPD patients. The results showed that the transcriptome generated reflected the true endotype of COPD inflammation, making it a potential non-invasive procedure to assess sputum cell inflammation in COPD patients by RNAseq analysis.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
