Article
Environmental Sciences
Yoonjung Ahn, Christopher K. Uejio
Summary: This study developed neighborhood-level AC prevalence information for California and predicted household AC ownership types using a random forest model. The results identified the key factors influencing AC prevalence, such as latitude, longitude, heating type or system, elevation, built year, cooling degree days, and building quality. These findings can inform heat prevention measures, including providing household cooling systems, energy subsidies, cooling centers, and increasing green space access.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Nick W. Smith, Andrew J. Fletcher, Jeremy P. Hill, Warren C. McNabb
Summary: Meat plays an important role in delivering essential nutrients such as protein, B vitamins, and minerals to the global population. However, it has a low contribution to nutrients like fiber, magnesium, vitamin C, and vitamin E.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Jared Onyango Nyang'au, Henrik Bjarne Moller, Soren Ugilt Larsen, Peter Sorensen
Summary: The effects of ensiling and brown juice-assisted ensiling on methane yield and nutrient availability in digestates were investigated in this study. The results showed that ensiling of straw increased inorganic nitrogen release in soil and reduced inorganic sulphur immobilisation, while brown juice-assisted ensiling significantly increased methane production and improved hydrolysis and methane production rates. These findings suggest that ensiling can enhance biogas production and nutrient availability, and provide a method to valorise brown juice as an ensiling additive.
ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY & INNOVATION
(2023)
Review
Food Science & Technology
Walaa M. S. Gomaa, Xin Feng, Huihua Zhang, Xuewei Zhang, Weixian Zhang, Xiaogang Yan, Quanhui Peng, Peiqiang Yu
Summary: This review provides an update on the applications of advanced molecular spectroscopy in canola-related bio-processing technology, molecular structure, and nutrient utilization. The study focuses on how changes in molecular structure affect the nutritional quality of canola and its co-products. Various molecular spectroscopic techniques and their associations with nutrition evaluation methods are discussed in detail.
CRITICAL REVIEWS IN FOOD SCIENCE AND NUTRITION
(2021)
Review
Food Science & Technology
Alessandra M. R. C. B. de Oliveira, Peiqiang Yu
Summary: This article reviews the research progress on the characteristics of canola and rapeseed feedstocks and co-products, as well as the evaluation methods for nutrient modeling. It focuses on the use of advanced vibrational molecular spectroscopy to analyze the relationship between molecular structure and nutrition delivery. The article also discusses future research directions.
CRITICAL REVIEWS IN FOOD SCIENCE AND NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Jakob Rosenbauer, Marco Berghoff, James A. Glazier, Alexander Schug
Summary: Recent research has revealed the complex mechanisms and interactions behind malignant tumor development. Tumor evolution can be explained as a process driven by survival of the fittest, with different tumor cells competing for limited resources. Computational multiscale-modeling of tissues allows for the observation of individual cell trajectories within the tumor environment.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Monica Barnard, Christo Venter, Alice K. Harding, Constantinos Kalapotharakos, Tyrel J. Johnson
Summary: Recent kinetic simulations have sparked a debate about the emission mechanism responsible for pulsar's pulsed GeV gamma-ray emission. By using an extended slot gap and current-sheet model, researchers have interpreted the spectra and light curves of the Vela pulsar as the result of curvature radiation due to primary particles in the pulsar magnetosphere and current sheet. The study reveals trends in the flux and spectral cutoff, but there are still uncertainties in distinguishing emission mechanisms.
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Ziheng Feng, Xinyao Ding, Haiyan Zhang, Li He, Jianzhao Duan, Xinming Ma, Chunjiang Zhao, Guijun Yang, Wei Feng
Summary: Wheat yellow mosaic disease (WYMD) is a soil-borne disease that causes significant yield and economic losses. This study utilized reflectance spectroscopy to detect WYMD and found that the visible region at 750 nm and 900-1000 nm were the most sensitive wavelengths for disease detection. Preprocessing methods such as 3SV, SNV, and MSC were evaluated, and the best results were obtained with 3SV. Spectral indices such as OR-BG1 I, SNV-RPMI, MSC-RPMI, and 3SV-CTRI 1 were found to be effective for WYMD detection, with the best index being 3SV-CTRI 1. Machine learning models, particularly SVM, showed good performance in disease detection. Overall, the findings of this study provide insights for the quantitative identification of crop diseases and the potential application of ground-based research to satellite platforms.
ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Caterina Villa, Monica B. M. Moura, Carla S. S. Teixeira, Joana Costa, Isabel Mafra
Summary: This study aimed to develop a real-time PCR approach for the detection and quantification of yellow mealworm (Tenebrio molitor) as a potential allergenic food in complex matrices. The method showed acceptable analytical performance parameters and was confirmed to be suitable for a wide range of foods. However, there were significant differences in real-time PCR data among food matrix and processing, emphasizing the importance of using appropriate calibration models for quantitative analysis. Finally, the real-time PCR approach was successfully validated and applied to commercial samples, demonstrating its efficacy and reliability in the quantification of mealworm in processed foodstuffs.
Article
Plant Sciences
Frank Gyan Okyere, Daniel Cudjoe, Pouria Sadeghi-Tehran, Nicolas Virlet, Andrew B. Riche, March Castle, Latifa Greche, Daniel Simms, Manal Mhada, Fady Mohareb, Malcolm John Hawkesford
Summary: Sustainable fertilizer management in precision agriculture is crucial. Hyperspectral imaging is a remote sensing tool used to monitor plant nutrient status. This study proposes a hybrid convolution neural network (CNN) that can extract both spatial and spectral information to identify the nutrient status of quinoa and cowpea plants at different growth stages.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Thermodynamics
Kevin D. Cole, Alex Riensche, Prahalada K. Rao
Summary: This work introduces a method for solving the heat equation using the spectral graph method, which is applicable to temperature defined at discrete points and described by a graph. The method utilizes eigenvectors and eigenvalues to solve the heat equation on the graph, eliminating the need for computationally intensive procedures in the finite element method. The method is extended to include boundary heat loss and physics-based edge weights, and a discrete Green's function is introduced for solutions under various heating conditions. The accuracy of the method is validated through comparison with analytical solutions and finite difference solutions.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Alessandra M. R. C. B. de Oliveira, Peiqiang Yu
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the association between feed intrinsic molecular structure and nutrient supply to animals from canola feedstocks and co-products from bio-oil processing. Results showed that the spectral structural carbohydrates and amide structures were significantly related to various carbohydrate and protein-related parameters. Regression analysis resulted in moderate to high prediction accuracy for protein-related equations, but weak accuracy for carbohydrate-related equations.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Linda Cerna, Maria E. Rodriguez Espinosa, Weixian Zhang, Peiqiang Yu
Summary: Feed processing methods can induce molecular structure changes in chickpeas, which in turn affects their nutritional value for ruminant animals. This study used vibrational molecular spectroscopy to reveal the molecular structure features of different chickpea varieties and detect the molecular structure changes induced by thermal processing methods. The results showed that the molecular structure of chickpeas is associated with nutrient availability for animals.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Alessandra M. R. C. B. de Oliveira, Peiqiang Yu
Summary: The study aims to investigate the physiochemical and nutrient profiles of feedstock and co-products from canola bio-oil processing that were influenced by source origin. Sample batches of feedstocks and co-products (mash, pellet) were collected from five different bio-oil processing plants. Detailed analysis was conducted to determine the chemical composition, energy profile, total digestible nutrient (TDN), protein and carbohydrate subfractions, and their degradation and digestion.
Article
Entomology
Azita Dehghan, Hamed Rounagh-Ardakani, Ali Mohammadzadeh, Mohammad Mohammadzadeh, Mozhgan Mohammadzadeh, Ehsan Borzoui
Summary: This study found that fertilizers and abscisic acid (ABA) have negative effects on the growth and reproduction of the cabbage aphid. The ABA-treated fertilized plants showed increased secondary metabolite content, which inhibited the aphid's avoidance and adaptation abilities.
JOURNAL OF INSECT SCIENCE
(2023)
Review
Food Science & Technology
Maria E. Rodriguez-Espinosa, Victor H. Guevara-Oquendo, Jen-Chieh Yang, Xin Feng, Weixian Zhang, Peiqiang Yu
Summary: This review provides an overview of recent advancements in studying processing induced molecular structure changes in cool-season faba bean using advanced vibrational molecular spectroscopy, chemometrics, and nutrient modeling techniques. It discusses strategies to improve faba bean utilization through heat-related technological treatments and their relationship to nutrient delivery and metabolism in ruminant systems. Additionally, the article highlights the significance of combining advanced nutrient modeling techniques with cutting-edge vibrational molecular spectroscopic techniques to understand the molecular nutrition and structure of cool-season faba bean.
CRITICAL REVIEWS IN FOOD SCIENCE AND NUTRITION
(2021)
Review
Food Science & Technology
Xin Feng, Huihua Zhang, Peiqiang Yu
Summary: X-ray fluorescence techniques have been increasingly utilized in food and agricultural science, offering advantages such as minimal sample preparation, nondestructive analysis, and high spatial resolution. Further advancements in technology, such as detector development and combination with chemometrics, hold promising prospects for its future applications in the field.
CRITICAL REVIEWS IN FOOD SCIENCE AND NUTRITION
(2021)
Review
Food Science & Technology
Walaa M. S. Gomaa, Xin Feng, Huihua Zhang, Xuewei Zhang, Weixian Zhang, Xiaogang Yan, Quanhui Peng, Peiqiang Yu
Summary: This review provides an update on the applications of advanced molecular spectroscopy in canola-related bio-processing technology, molecular structure, and nutrient utilization. The study focuses on how changes in molecular structure affect the nutritional quality of canola and its co-products. Various molecular spectroscopic techniques and their associations with nutrition evaluation methods are discussed in detail.
CRITICAL REVIEWS IN FOOD SCIENCE AND NUTRITION
(2021)
Review
Food Science & Technology
Ming Yan, Victor H. Guevara-Oquendo, Maria E. Rodriguez-Espinosa, Jen-Chieh Yang, Herbert (Bart) Lardner, David A. Christensen, Xin Feng, Peiqiang Yu
Summary: The study focuses on the limitations of traditional wet chemistry analysis in studying plant cell wall complexity and the advantages of using synchrotron-based and globar-sourced mid-infrared spectroscopy to analyze chemical bonds. It emphasizes the importance of applying advanced spectroscopy techniques in studying the nutritional characteristics of faba beans.
CRITICAL REVIEWS IN FOOD SCIENCE AND NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Tao Ran, Atef M. Saleem, Karen A. Beauchemin, Gregory B. Penner, Wenzhu Yang
Summary: The study found that increasing dietary uNDF concentration is an effective strategy to improve ruminal pH status in finishing cattle, regardless of the extent of grain processing. However, altering the extent of barley processing did not reduce the risk of ruminal acidosis.
JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Siqiang Liu, Ali Mujtaba Shah, Mei Yuan, Kun Kang, Zhisheng Wang, Lizhi Wang, Bai Xue, Huawei Zou, Xiangfei Zhang, Peiqiang Yu, Hongze Wang, Gang Tian, Quanhui Peng
Summary: This study found that supplementing ADY can increase the average daily gain of beef cattle and increase the concentration of propionic acid in the rumen. The high plane of nutrition group had higher digestibility rates for neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber, while the relative abundance of Firmicutes and Ruminococcaceae UCG-002 was higher in the ADY4 group.
ANIMAL BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Food Science & Technology
M. R. Tosta, L. L. Prates, X. Feng, M. E. Rodriguez-Espinosa, H. Zhang, W. Zhang, Peiqiang Yu
Summary: This study focuses on the production, nutrition, and technological processing impact of cool-season adapted oat and barley cereal kernels. By utilizing vibrational molecular spectroscopy, the study provides a potential approach to understand the molecular structure and molecular nutrition interaction of grains.
CRITICAL REVIEWS IN FOOD SCIENCE AND NUTRITION
(2022)
Review
Food Science & Technology
Victor H. Guevara Oquendo, Maria E. Rodriguez Espinosa, Peiqiang Yu
Summary: The article reviews recent research progress on faba bean seeds and plants in food and feed, focusing on their chemical, nutritional, and molecular characteristics analyzed with molecular spectroscopy. It also discusses the potential applications of molecular spectroscopy in studying molecular chemistry and nutrition interaction in faba beans, offering insights for future research directions.
CRITICAL REVIEWS IN FOOD SCIENCE AND NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
T. Ran, S. X. Tang, X. Yu, Z. P. Hou, F. J. Hou, K. A. Beauchemin, W. Z. Yang, D. Q. Wu
Summary: The study revealed that substituting part of CS with SS altered the relative abundances of some dominant bacteria, but had minimal impact on ruminal fermentation and milk yield.
JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Ranithri Abeynayake, Sitian Zhang, Wenzhu Yang, Lingyun Chen
Summary: This study demonstrates the potential to use brewers' spent grain as a cost-effective raw material to produce natural antioxidants for food applications.
LWT-FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Murillo Ceola Stefano Pereira, Karen A. Beauchemin, Tim A. McAllister, Wenzhu Z. Yang, Katharine M. Wood, Gregory Brent Penner
Summary: Providing physically effective neutral detergent fiber (peNDF), based on forages greater than 4-mm, has a greater effect on rumination time, ruminal fermentation, and ruminal motility compared to measuring undigested neutral detergent fiber (uNDF) alone. However, uNDF alone affects feeding behavior and reduces digestibility. Characterization of peNDF and uNDF can be useful in formulating finishing diets for cattle. Rating: 9/10
JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Murillo Ceola Stefano Pereira, Wenzhu Z. Yang, Karen A. Beauchemin, Timothy A. McAllister, Katharine M. Wood, Gregory B. Penner
Summary: This study evaluated the effects of forages (BarS vs. STR) that differ in the uNDF concentration and FI rate on ruminal fermentation, total tract barrier function, reticulo-ruminal motility, and blood metabolites of beef heifers. The results showed that the forage type and FI rate act independently. Providing forages with greater dietary uNDF can stimulate the frequency of reticulo-ruminal contractions and reduce gastrointestinal permeability with no effect on ruminal pH. Increasing the FI rate stabilized ruminal pH, increased rumination time, stimulated reticulo-ruminal contractions, and decreased indicators of systemic inflammation.
JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Murillo C. S. Pereira, Wenzhu Z. Yang, Karen A. Beauchemin, Tim A. McAllister, Katharine M. Wood, Gregory B. Penner
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of barley silage versus wheat silage on performance and carcass characteristics of finishing steers. Results suggest that barley silage relative to wheat silage as well as strategies increasing the peNDF concentration may improve growth and carcass quality in cattle.
TRANSLATIONAL ANIMAL SCIENCE
(2021)
