Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Eeva-Christine Brockmann, Mikko Pyykko, Heidi Hannula, Kamran Khan, Urpo Lamminmaki, Tuomas Huovinen
Summary: This study discusses the impact of loop length variation on the structural diversity of antibody libraries. Introducing loop length variation in specific antibody fragments can enhance affinity, especially in CDR-L1 and CDR-H2 loops. The results lay the foundation for developing novel synthetic antibody libraries with unique loop length combinations.
Review
Food Science & Technology
Long Li, Shuangmin Wu, Yu Si, Huaming Li, Xiaoyang Yin, Dapeng Peng
Summary: The single-chain fragment variable (scFv) is a reliable, efficient, and accurate method for analyzing small-molecule harmful substances in food. It offers advantages over traditional antibodies and can be further improved through efficient construction, mutation, and expression measures.
COMPREHENSIVE REVIEWS IN FOOD SCIENCE AND FOOD SAFETY
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Shuai Hu, Guangbo Yang, Zhou Chen, Qiuye Li, Bin Liu, Ming Liu, Dawei Zhang, Shan Chang, Ren Kong
Summary: This study presents a method combining docking and site specific phage display to obtain single chain variable fragment (scFv) with high affinity to Salbutamol (SAL). Anti-SAL scFv antibodies were generated through phage display and new libraries were created by randomizing specific residues located on H3 and L3 based on docking results. High efficiency anti-SAL scFv antibodies were identified and used to develop a rapid and low-cost one step ELISA for SAL detection.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jing Yi Lai, Angela Corona, Chong Lee Ng, Enzo Tramontano, Yee Siew Choong, Theam Soon Lim
Summary: Ebola virus is notorious for causing severe and deadly haemorrhagic fever. Effective diagnosis and treatment are needed due to the high fatality rate. Two monoclonal antibodies have been approved for EVD treatment. The viral surface glycoprotein is a common target, but VP35 could be a potential target as well.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Pierre-Emmanuel Baurand, Jeremy Balland, Chloe Reynas, Melanie Ramseyer, Delphine Vivier, Pierre-Simon Bellaye, Bertrand Collin, Catherine Paul, Franck Denat, Kamal Asgarov, Jean-Rene Pallandre, Laurence Ringenbach
Summary: The study developed an ScFv mouse phage-display library to obtain small fragment antibodies against human LRRC15 for molecular imaging purposes, demonstrating the relevance for the fast-track development of small antibodies for imaging and/or immunotherapy purposes. The library had a high insertion rate and enrichment through screening, leading to the identification of specific candidates for further development.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Kristian Daniel Ralph Roth, Esther Veronika Wenzel, Maximilian Ruschig, Stephan Steinke, Nora Langreder, Philip Alexander Heine, Kai-Thomas Schneider, Rico Ballmann, Viola Fuehner, Philipp Kuhn, Thomas Schirrmann, Andre Frenzel, Stefan Duebel, Maren Schubert, Gustavo Marcal Schmidt Garcia Moreira, Federico Bertoglio, Giulio Russo, Michael Hust
Summary: Antibodies are crucial for the diagnosis and treatment of diseases caused by pathogens. Their importance has been highlighted during the COVID-19 pandemic, and new technologies like antibody phage display have advanced the discovery of human monoclonal antibodies for therapeutic purposes. These technologies have expanded the possibilities for generating antibodies against a wide range of pathogens and toxins.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Fisheries
Haneul Seo, Andre Ditya Maulana Lubis, Tae-Jin Choi, Tae-Sung Jung, Taek-Kyun Lee, Sukchan Lee
Summary: Koi herpesvirus (KHV) is a highly contagious virus that causes high mortality in koi and common carp. Current diagnostic methods cannot detect KHV virus particles, so researchers have proposed a method using specific antibodies to detect the virus. The study found that F6 and C5 scFvs have sufficient binding affinity for KHV particles and can be used in immunoassays.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Yaqi Yang, Siji Nian, Lin Li, Xue Wen, Qin Liu, Bo Zhang, Yu Lan, Qing Yuan, Yingchun Ye
Summary: Enhanced EphA2 expression is a crucial target for anti-tumor therapy, with high affinity scFvs against EphA2 successfully screened from an immune library constructed using PBMCs from cancer patients. Modified antibodies showed improved affinity and the ability to bind to EphA2, tumor cells, and tissues, inhibiting tumor growth to some extent. This study highlights the potential of immune libraries from cancer patients in screening for high-affinity antibodies with therapeutic effects.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Hugo Valencia-Martinez, Timoteo Olamendi-Portugal, Rita Restano-Cassulini, Hugo Serrano-Posada, Fernando Zamudio, Lourival D. Possani, Lidia Riano-Umbarila, Baltazar Becerril
Summary: Centruroides huichol scorpion venom is lethal to mammals. In this study, four lethal toxins were characterized and a scFv HV was developed with improved affinity to Chui5 toxin. The scFv HV showed promising results in a rescue trial, protecting mice from lethal doses of venom. This research contributes to the development of a recombinant anti-venom against scorpion stings in Mexico.
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Jin-xing Song, Meng-xiang Wang, Yi-xuan Zhang, Bo Wan, Yong-kun Du, Guo-qing Zhuang, Zi-bin Li, Song-lin Qiao, Rui Geng, Ya-nan Wu, Gai-ping Zhang
Summary: This study generated an ASFV antibody phage-display library, screened a specific single-chain antibody against ASFV major capsid protein, and identified a conserved epitope peptide that can promote the maturation of immune cells and be effectively uptaken by dendritic cells.
JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE AGRICULTURE
(2023)
Article
Toxicology
Hamideh Rouhani Nejad, Jalil Fallah Mehrabadi, Pardis Saeedi, Saeed Zanganeh
Summary: A novel, high specific, low-cost, and sensitive ScFv antibody was developed for rapid and specific detection of tetanus toxin in clinical diagnosis, suspicious foods, and water monitoring.
TOXICOLOGY RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Makoto Nakakido, Naoki Tanaka, Ayako Shimojo, Nobuhiro Miyamae, Kouhei Tsumoto
Summary: Respiratory infectious diseases pose a serious global threat, and novel antiviral materials are in high demand. In this study, a new platform was constructed to evaluate antiviral activity of surface coating materials using the M13 bacteriophage and phagemid system. The experimental system developed in this study provides rapid and effective screening, which can be applied to the development of novel antiviral materials.
Article
Immunology
Chao-Yang Huang, Ying-Yung Lok, Chia-Hui Lin, Szu-Liang Lai, Yen-Yu Wu, Chih-Yung Hu, Chu-Bin Liao, Chen-Hsuan Ho, Yu-Ping Chou, Yi-Hsuan Hsu, Yu-Hsun Lo, Edward Chern
Summary: In this study, a large and highly diverse synthetic human scFv antibody library was constructed, and novel TIM-3-neutralizing antibodies with immunomodulatory functions were identified. These findings demonstrate the potential of this library for biomedical research and the therapeutic potential of the three fully human TIM-3-neutralizing antibodies.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Angela Chiew Wen Ch'ng, Lena Schepergerdes, Yee Siew Choong, Michael Hust, Theam Soon Lim
Summary: This study focuses on the use of monoclonal antibodies as an alternative antibacterial treatment. It identifies a specific antibody that can inhibit the growth mechanisms of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, potentially providing a solution to antibiotic resistance.
MOLECULAR IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Reza Valadan, Mina Dabiri, Mohse Tehrani, Gholamreza Hashemi Tabar, Alireza Rafiei
Summary: In this study, a recombinant single-chain variable fragment (scFv) antibody against the EGFR dimerization domain was successfully generated using a cell-based subtractive panning strategy. The produced scFvs demonstrated the capacity to inhibit EGFR and HER2 dimerization and induce apoptosis by regulating the expression of Bax and Bcl2.
JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGICAL METHODS
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jie Cui, Haiqin Chen, Xin Tang, Hao Zhang, Yong Q. Chen, Wei Chen
Summary: Fatty acid desaturase (FADS) is crucial in generating double bonds in polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and its activity is associated with various physiological diseases. In this study, the key residues of MpFADS6 were identified and their contributions to enzyme function were investigated. The results provide new insights into the structure, mechanism, and directed transformation of membrane-bound desaturases.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Lengyun Wei, Zhipeng Wu, Yong Q. Chen
Summary: Low dietary intake of 033 polyunsaturated fatty acids is associated with increased cancer incidence. Numerous clinical trials have shown the effectiveness of 033 PUFA in cancer therapy, possibly through regulating skeletal muscle protein turnover, inflammatory responses, and neuronal cell survival.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Shenglong Zhu, Wei Wang, Jingwei Zhang, Siyu Ji, Zhe Jing, Yong Q. Chen
Summary: This study identified the role of Slc25a5 in adipogenesis and further confirmed that adipogenic differentiation may be mediated by ERK1/2 phosphorylation. These findings provide a potential new therapeutic target for the treatment of obesity.
CELLULAR & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Kai Shan, Ninghan Feng, Doudou Zhu, Hongyan Qu, Guoling Fu, Jiaqi Li, Jing Cui, Heyan Chen, Rong Wang, Yumin Qi, Yong Q. Chen
Summary: Fatty acid unsaturation is positively correlated with the sensitivity of ferroptosis. Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) effectively promotes ferroptosis-mediated tumor killing by increasing intracellular lipid peroxidation, and both ALOX5 dependent and independent pathways may be involved in this process.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Tushuai Li, Zhihong Liu, Xiao Fu, Yongquan Chen, Shenglong Zhu, Jie Zhang
Summary: In this study, therapeutic nanoparticles were developed to deliver doxorubicin and IL-12 for chemo-immunotherapy combination therapy on liver cancer. The nanoparticles showed prolonged circulation in blood, efficient accumulation in tumors, and inhibition of tumor growth.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICS AND BIOPHARMACEUTICS
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Xuan Jiang, Qin Yang, Hongyan Qu, Yongquan Chen, Shenglong Zhu
Summary: The gut-liver axis is crucial in the development of NAFLD and FFAR4 may act as a bridge between the gut and liver. In this study, FFAR4 deficiency in mice with high endogenous n-3 PUFAs blocked the protective effects on intestinal barrier dysfunction and hepatic steatosis. FFAR4 deficiency also affected the gut microbiota and various metabolic pathways associated with NAFLD aggravation. These findings highlight the role of FFAR4 in the treatment of NAFLD through the gut-liver axis.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Xuan Jiang, Siyu Ji, Fenglai Yuan, Tushuai Li, Siyuan Cui, Wei Wang, Xianlong Ye, Rong Wang, Yongquan Chen, Shenglong Zhu
Summary: The study reveals that pyruvate dehydrogenase B (PDHB) promotes myogenic differentiation and protects against muscle atrophy by suppressing the FoxP1-Arih2 axis.
JOURNAL OF CACHEXIA SARCOPENIA AND MUSCLE
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Tushuai Li, Yue Gu, Lisha Yu, Shenglong Zhu, Jie Zhang, Yongquan Chen
Summary: This study developed PEGylated manganese/iron-based single-atom catalysts (SACs) that possess incredible catalytic activity. These SACs catalyze the conversion of cellular hydrogen peroxide to hydroxyl radical through a Fenton-like reaction and enhance the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide to cytotoxic superoxide ion via oxidase-like activity. The synergistic antitumor efficacy of these SACs has been demonstrated in in vitro and in vivo experiments. This study proposes new promising single-atom nanozymes with highly efficient biocatalytic sites and synergistic therapeutic effects for ROS-related biological applications in broad biomedical fields.
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Yong Q. Chen
Summary: Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a prevalent chronic liver disease with no approved drugs available. This minireview highlights the heterogeneous nature of NASH and the lack of consensus in outcome measures among clinical trials. We summarize potential therapeutic targets and candidate drugs for NASH treatment. Efficacy comparison of 33 published clinical trials evaluating noninvasive biomarkers and liver biopsy shows encouraging results for fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21), resmetirom, and pioglitazone in phase II and III trials, respectively.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND TRANSLATIONAL HEPATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Jun Li, Haiqin Chen, Lulu Chang, Chen Wu, Hao Zhang, Yong Q. Chen, Wei Chen
Summary: In this study, the DGAT1 and DGAT2 isoforms from M. alpina were analyzed and heterologously expressed in S. cerevisiae H1246. MaDGAT1A/1B/2A/2B were able to restore TAG synthesis, with different substrate preferences and selectivity. This study demonstrates the potential of MaDGATs in producing TAGs rich in linoleic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid, and provides a reference for improving TAG production in oleaginous fungi.
APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kai Shan, Jiaqi Li, Qin Yang, Kang Chen, Shanshan Zhou, Lingling Jia, Guoling Fu, Yumin Qi, Qizai Wang, Yong Q. Chen
Summary: Ferroptosis caused by polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) peroxidation plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of acute kidney injury (AKI), suggesting that dietary intake of PUFA may pose a risk for individuals susceptible to AKI. However, in addition to ferroptosis, other mechanisms such as inflammation-associated necroptosis and pyroptosis also contribute to different types of AKI. Therefore, further evaluation is needed to understand the role of PUFA in different AKIs, especially & omega;3 PUFA which is commonly consumed as a food supplement.
JOURNAL OF NUTRITIONAL BIOCHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Kai Shan, Guoling Fu, Jiaqi Li, Yumin Qi, Ninghan Feng, Yongsheng Li, Yong Q. Chen
Summary: This study found that MUFAs with specific structural features, such as cis-conformation and centered double bond, can inhibit ferroptosis. Inhibition of SCD1 and SCD5 genes sensitizes cells to ferroptosis, suggesting the protective role of endogenous MUFA. These findings provide insights into the potential therapeutic applications of MUFAs in ferroptosis-related diseases.
NUTRITION RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Zhe Wang, Siyuan Cui, TingTing Zhang, Wei Wang, JiaYu Li, Y. Q. Chen, Sheng Long Zhu
Summary: Disruption of blood glucose utilization can lead to diabetes mellitus, and free fatty acid receptors (FFARs) play an important role in the genetic and dietary aspects. This study found that FFAR4 has a significant effect on glucose homeostasis, and knockout of the FFAR4 gene impairs glucose tolerance in mice under high-fat feeding and chow diet conditions. Furthermore, deficiency of intestinal FFAR4 affects the composition of gut microbiota, especially at ZT12 under chow diet conditions.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Rong Wang, Yuanyuan Mi, Jiang Ni, Yang Wang, Lingwen Ding, Xuebin Ran, Qiaoyang Sun, Soo Yong Tan, H. Phillip Koeffler, Ninghan Feng, Yong Q. Chen
Summary: The treatment of castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) has always been a clinical challenge. The traditional approach is to reduce dihydrotestosterone biosynthesis or block androgen receptor (AR) signaling. However, this study suggests that the use of AR inhibitors can actually lead to drug tolerance and resistance. The up-regulation of peroxiredoxin 5 (PRDX5) is shown to promote resistance to AR inhibitors and the development of CRPC. Inhibition of PRDX5 suppresses drug-tolerant persister (DTP) cell proliferation, dampens CRPC development, and stabilizes disease progression in patients.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Tushuai Li, Wenxue Sun, Shenglong Zhu, Chengsheng He, Tong Chang, Jie Zhang, Yongquan Chen
Summary: This study investigates the role of metabolic disorder/reprogramming-mediated epigenetic modification in the progression of T-2 toxin-stimulated podocyte injury. The researchers found that O-GlcNAcylation plays a vital regulatory role in the development of T-2 toxin-stimulated podocyte injury by activating the mTOR pathway to suppress autophagy. Targeting beta-arrestin-1 or OGT could be a potential therapy for T-2 toxin infection-associated glomerular injury, especially podocyte injury.
