Article
Food Science & Technology
Xu Pei, Mekonen Tekliye, Mingsheng Dong
Summary: The study revealed that fungi contamination is present in fermented milk, with Cladosporium spp. being the predominant fungal contaminant. Moreover, vanillin has significant inhibitory activity against the growth of fungi species, reducing the cell number, radical colony diameter, and mycelium biomass of fungal contaminants.
FOOD SCIENCE AND HUMAN WELLNESS
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
John. A. Trofymow, Philip-Edouard Shay, Bradley Tomm, Jean A. Berube, Tod Ramsfield
Summary: Fungi play important roles in forest soils and benefit trees through mycorrhizal symbiosis. Changes in fungal communities after severe disturbance can hinder forest regrowth. This study compares soil fungi in undisturbed, harvested, and burned jack pine stands with a certified reclaimed area, and finds that the reclaimed area has greater fungal richness and diversity, including more pathogenic and functionally unknown taxa.
Article
Microbiology
Vinciane Monod, Valerie Hofstetter, Vivian Zufferey, Olivier Viret, Katia Gindro, Daniel Croll
Summary: The evolution of sequencing technology and multiplexing has expanded our ability to characterize fungal diversity. However, obtaining an unbiased assessment of the fungal community remains challenging. This study found that shorter amplicons had higher sequencing depths and overall diversity, with no significant bias in phylogenetic composition. Despite the increased resolution of longer amplicons, the shorter amplicons provided clearer resolution of the fungal community. The choice of ribosomal amplicons should be carefully evaluated and adjusted according to specific goals.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Ricardo Franco-Duarte, Isabel Fernandes, Vladislav Gulis, Fernanda Cassio, Claudia Pascoal
Summary: Aquatic hyphomycetes play an important role in decomposing organic matter in freshwater ecosystems. This study used the ITS rDNA barcodes database to explore their molecular diversity and distribution patterns. The findings showed an increase in the number of aquatic hyphomycete species, providing insights into their taxonomic placement and biogeographical origins. Future research should focus on expanding the ITS sequence database for species with unclear phylogenetic relationships and limited sequences.
Article
Parasitology
Vignesh Rathinasamy, Lily Tran, Jaclyn Swan, Jane Kelley, Chris Hosking, Genevieve Williamson, Michaela Knowles, Timothy Elliott, Grant Rawlin, Terry W. Spithill, Travis Beddoe
Summary: Livestock production worldwide is impacted by liver fluke infections, particularly in Australia where around $90 million is lost annually. Triclabendazole is an effective treatment, but resistance poses a threat. Environmental DNA testing for liver fluke and snail hosts in water helps assess infection risk and could be a useful monitoring tool.
VETERINARY PARASITOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Ecology
Havard Kauserud
Summary: This text discusses the inherent limitations of using the rDNA Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) region as a DNA barcode marker in fungal ecology studies. It highlights the challenges in species delimitation, the lack of significant interspecific divergence, and the uncertainty in species-level taxonomy. It also emphasizes the complexity and variation introduced by PCR and sequencing errors in DNA metabarcoding data. The importance of the ITS region as a general DNA (meta)barcoding marker for fungi is acknowledged but caution against naïve or simplistic use is stressed.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Ameny Farhat, Jihen Elleuch, Faten Ben Amor, Mohamed Barkallah, Kirsty F. Smith, Idriss Ben Neila, Slim Abdelkafi, Imen Fendri
Summary: In this study, a real-time PCR (qPCR) method targeting the toxic dinoflagellate K. veneficum was developed. This highly specific method allows for accurate detection and quantification of the species in marine environments.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Laurentiu Benga, Eva Engelhardt, W. Peter M. Benten, Werner Nicklas, Martin Sager
Summary: This study developed specific PCR assays for five Rodentibacter species based on ITS region sequence differences, demonstrating 100% specificity and sensitivity against a diverse collection of Pasteurellaceae isolated from rats and mice and other strains. The PCR assays showed high limits of detection and successfully detected Rodentibacter spp. DNA in clinical swabs of laboratory mice and rats. These assays represent the first diagnostic tools for R. ratti, R. heidelbergensis, and a beta-haemolytic Rodentibacter taxon, facilitating better understanding of their distribution and biology in the future.
JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGICAL METHODS
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Fernando Martinez-Hernandez, Fabiola Sanchez-Aguillon, Joel Martinez-Ocana, Nelly Raquel Gonzalez-Arenas, Mirza Romero-Valdovinos, Eduardo Lopez-Escamilla, Pablo Maravilla, Guiehdani Villalobos
Summary: This study evaluated the genetic variability of the ITS region and pfor A gene of Trichomonas vaginalis from female patients and explored its implications in the host-parasite relationship. Results showed two main clusters in the ITS haplotypes and suggested that pfor A could be used as a marker for confirming trichomonads genus and species.
Article
Parasitology
Woo Jun Bang, Min Hyeok Won, Seong Tae Cho, Jihun Ryu, Kwang Shik Choi
Summary: This study developed a rapid and simple multiplex PCR assay for six morphologically similar Aedini species in Korea. By generating species-specific fragments distinguishable by size, accurate identification of mosquito species was achieved, providing a useful tool for monitoring and controlling these vector mosquitoes.
PARASITES & VECTORS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Teresita M. Porter, Mehrdad Hajibabaei
Summary: Multi-marker metabarcoding is used for generating biodiversity information. MetaWorks provides a harmonized processing environment and pipeline for handling Illumina reads of all biota, along with various workflows and taxonomic assignment approaches.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Alice Giusti, Enrica Ricci, Laura Gasperetti, Marta Galgani, Luca Polidori, Francesco Verdigi, Roberto Narducci, Andrea Armani
Summary: This study aimed to build an ITS gene dataset to aid the Italian Health Service in mushroom identification. By retrieving and filtering ITS sequences from GenBank and BOLD databases, as well as collecting wild specimens, a dataset of 5977 sequences was successfully established to support regional poisoning cases.
Article
Microbiology
Andrew N. Miller, Jason Karakehian, Daniel B. Raudabaugh
Summary: Fungaria is an important resource for genetic data, especially for type specimens. However, ancient specimens often have fragmented and contaminated DNA, making sequencing difficult. This study successfully extracted and sequenced DNA from recent and ancient specimens, generating correct sequences for five samples. The results contribute to ongoing systematic studies.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Sudhanshi S. Jain, Lutfi Afiq-Rosli, Bar Feldman, Ismael Kunning, Oren Levy, Ralph R. Mana, Benjamin J. Wainwright, Danwei Huang
Summary: This study examined the diversity and dominance patterns of Symbiodiniaceae in the Central Indo-Pacific region. It found that most colonies in Singapore exhibited Cladocopium dominance, with variation in endosymbiont communities being higher in Papua New Guinea. Different methods of genotyping showed inconsistencies in endosymbiont dominance patterns, highlighting the need for further validation. Lower richness of ITS2 type profiles was observed in colonies from impacted and turbid reefs of Singapore compared to less urbanized reefs in Papua New Guinea. This suggests that local conditions play a key role in driving endosymbiosis and can impact corals' resilience to global stressors like ocean warming.
FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Mycology
Junichiro Hiruma, Honoka Nojo, Hitoshi Tsuchihashi, Hiromitsu Noguchi, Masataro Hiruma, Kazutoshi Harada, Rui Kano
Summary: In this study, T. interdigitale isolates were obtained from Japanese patients and their ITS types were investigated. The results showed that all 29 isolates belong to ITS type II, while one clinical isolate of T. mentagrophytes was similar to ITS type II*. Additionally, a terbinafine-resistant strain of T. interdigitale also belonged to ITS type II.
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Yilin Tian, Caleb Arata, Erin Boedicker, David M. Lunderberg, Sameer Patel, Sumit Sankhyan, Kasper Kristensen, Pawel K. Misztal, Delphine K. Farmer, Marina Vance, Atila Novoselac, William W. Nazaroff, Allen H. Goldstein
Summary: The study found that human activities, especially cooking and mopping, are significant sources of indoor supermicron fluorescent particles, leading to a substantial increase in indoor particle concentrations. Model calculations indicate that coarse particles, once released, primarily deposit onto indoor surfaces, potentially resuspending and causing exposure over long durations.
Article
Microbiology
Yumiko Okamoto, Natsumi Ichinohe, Cheolwoon Woo, Sung-Yong Han, Hyeong-Hoo Kim, Sakura Ito, Chiho Nakamura, Junpei Kumura, Kentaro Nagaoka, Naomichi Yamamoto
Summary: The gut microbiota of captive Eurasian otters shows taxonomic and functional differences by age, likely attributed to changes in diet composition throughout their life stages. This study provides baseline information regarding the gut microbiota of Eurasian otters for the first time.
ARCHIVES OF MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Letter
Allergy
Shanika Nanayakkara, Naomichi Yamamoto, Kouji H. Harada
JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Editorial Material
Construction & Building Technology
Yuguo Li, William W. Nazaroff, William Bahnfleth, Pawel Wargocki, Yinping Zhang
Review
Construction & Building Technology
William W. Nazaroff, Charles J. Weschler
Summary: Indoor exposure to ozone mainly comes from outdoor sources, but indoor emission sources can also impact concentrations. Factors affecting indoor ozone levels include mechanical ventilation systems, indoor surfaces, and human occupants. Mitigation technologies, such as activated carbon filtration, can help reduce indoor ozone levels.
Review
Construction & Building Technology
William W. Nazaroff
Summary: Knowledge on person-to-person transmission of SARS-CoV-2 focuses on emission, transport, and inhalation of virus-containing particles indoors. The study identifies different sizes of particles and their removal methods, emphasizing the importance of masking and social distancing in reducing transmission. Key findings include the predominant indoor transmission, significant contribution of airborne particles to viral spread, and the role of speaking as a major source of viral emissions.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Priyanka Kumari, Binu Mani Tripathi, Ke Dong, Kyung Yeon Eo, Woo-Shin Lee, Junpei Kimura, Naomichi Yamamoto
Summary: This study investigates the risks and ecology of antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) in the environment by analyzing the feces of wildlife. The study finds significant differences in bacterial taxonomy composition and resistomes between different animal hosts, as well as selective correlations between certain ARGs and bacteria. This research provides important baseline information for conservation efforts and assessing health risks posed by ARGs and bacterial pathogens from wildlife.
Editorial Material
Construction & Building Technology
William W. Nazaroff
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Cheolwoon Woo, Priyanka Kumari, Kyung Yeon Eo, Woo-Shin Lee, Junpei Kimura, Naomichi Yamamoto
Summary: This study used DNA metabarcoding to investigate the fecal contents of raccoon dogs and developed a blocking oligonucleotide. It was found that raccoon dogs mainly feed on fishes such as Cyprinidae and insects such as mole crickets in the study area. This study provided baseline information on DNA metabarcoding and can help future research better understand the diet habits and ecology of raccoon dogs.
Article
Entomology
Cheolwoon Woo, Mohammad Imtiaj Uddin Bhuiyan, Donghyun Kim, Priyanka Kumari, Seung-Kyung Lee, Ji Young Park, Ke Dong, Kiyoung Lee, Naomichi Yamamoto
Summary: House dust mites are closely associated with certain types of fungi in indoor dust, especially xerophilic fungi. Understanding the microbial ecology in house dust is crucial for understanding the etiology of human diseases such as allergies.
EXPERIMENTAL AND APPLIED ACAROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Cheolwoon Woo, Priyanka Kumari, Kyung Yeon Eo, Woo-Shin Lee, Junpei Kimura, Naomichi Yamamoto
Summary: The diet of leopard cats in South Korea's inland areas was investigated using vertebrate mitochondrial 12S rRNA gene sequencing and shotgun metagenomic sequencing. The feces contained not only vertebrate DNA but also arthropods and plants, although shotgun metagenomic sequencing was often erroneous at low taxonomic levels. On the other hand, vertebrate mitochondrial 12S rRNA gene sequencing accurately identified the prey at the genus level. The combination of these two sequencing methods provided accurate information about the overall dietary content and vertebrate prey of leopard cats.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Seung-Kyung Lee, Cheolwoon Woo, Eun Ju Lee, Naomichi Yamamoto
Summary: This study investigated the dietary composition of the Korean water deer using high-throughput sequencing and found that they are adaptable and feed on a wide variety of woody plants. Understanding their feeding habits is important for the management and conservation of the Korean water deer.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Biology
Kevin K. Newsham, Birgitte Kortegaard Danielsen, Elisabeth Machteld Biersma, Bo Elberling, Guy Hillyard, Priyanka Kumari, Anders Prieme, Cheolwoon Woo, Naomichi Yamamoto
Summary: The effects of warming and increased water availability on soil microbes in the High Arctic are not well understood. An experiment conducted on Svalbard revealed that a rise in summertime soil temperature and irrigation led to increased greenhouse gas emissions and bacterial abundance.
Article
Ecology
Cheolwoon Woo, Mohammad Imtiaj Uddin Bhuiyan, Kyung Yeon Eo, Woo-Shin Lee, Junpei Kimura, Naomichi Yamamoto
Summary: This study examined the fecal parasites of carnivorous wildlife in Korea and found host-specific and prey-associated parasite species. The composition of the parasitome varied between host animals and was influenced by their prey. Five zoonotic parasites known to infect humans were also identified, highlighting the potential for wildlife-associated zoonoses to increase with human-wildlife proximity due to urbanization.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR PARASITOLOGY-PARASITES AND WILDLIFE
(2023)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Priyanka Kumari, Kyung Yeon Eo, Woo-Shin Lee, Junpei Kimura, Naomichi Yamamoto
Summary: The study found that zoonotic pathogens such as Giardia intestinalis, Toxoplasma gondii, and Leptospira wolffii are present in Korean wildlife, with leopard cats, raccoon dogs, and Eurasian otters serving as potential reservoirs. Regular monitoring of these pathogens in wildlife is essential to prevent infections in humans and livestock in Korea.
JOURNAL OF VETERINARY MEDICAL SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Francisco J. Higuera, Juan Fernandez de la Mora
Summary: This study investigates a particle condensation device that uses cold and warm humid air streams to achieve water vapor condensation. Compared to existing water condensation particle counters, this configuration offers advantages such as variable saturation ratio, accelerated penetration of water vapor, and a relatively uniform saturation field.
JOURNAL OF AEROSOL SCIENCE
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Brijal Prajapati, Vishal Dharaiya, Manoranjan Sahu, Chandra Venkatraman, Pratim Biswas, Kajal Yadav, Delwin Pullokaran, Ramya Sunder Raman, Ruqia Bhat, Tanveer Ahmad Najar, Arshid Jehangir
Summary: This study evaluated the performance of a low-cost particulate matter sensor and proposed a physics-based calibration method. The results showed that the physics-based calibration approach performed better compared to statistical models at both observation sites.
JOURNAL OF AEROSOL SCIENCE
(2024)
Correction
Engineering, Chemical
N. Searle, K. Kaur, K. Kelly
JOURNAL OF AEROSOL SCIENCE
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Tianyu Cen, Laura Torrent, Andrea Testino, Christian Ludwig
Summary: In this study, a hyphenated setup consisting of a rotating disk diluter (RDD) with spICP-MS (RDDspICP-MS) was used for online sampling and characterization of metallic nanoparticles (NPs) in ambient pressure aerosols. The RDD allowed for constant flow rate sampling of aerosols and adjusting the dilution ratio for different particle number concentrations (PNCs). The feasibility of this setup was tested with different sizes of AuNPs in argon-based and air-based aerosols, and the results showed a lower limit of detection for number concentration. The capability of the setup to accurately investigate multi-modal samples and the interference of ionic species was also demonstrated.
JOURNAL OF AEROSOL SCIENCE
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
A. Valenzuela, E. Bazo, R. A. Rica, L. Alados-Arboledas, F. J. Olmo-Reyes
Summary: This article introduces a method to measure the extinction cross section of levitated particles using an electrodynamic trap and double-cavity ring down spectroscopy technique, and demonstrates the potential of this method in 1,2,6-hexanetriol particles through simulations and experiments. Unlike traditional methods, this technique provides crucial information about the extinction cross section of sodium chloride particles during dehydration and hydration processes.
JOURNAL OF AEROSOL SCIENCE
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Shadi Yaqoubi, Mohaddese Sokuti, Sahand Mazloum-Ravasan, Kofi Asare-Addo, Hamed Hamishehkar, Ali Nokhodchi
Summary: In this study, a modified version of ultrasonic spray pyrolysis was used to prepare salbutamol sulfate dry powder. The engineered particles showed suitable characteristics for effective drug delivery to the lungs and demonstrated acceptable aerosolization performance. This newly introduced method appears to be capable of producing dry powder formulations of different drugs without the need for surfactants or stabilizers.
JOURNAL OF AEROSOL SCIENCE
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Ashley L. Nord, Patrice Dosset, Pierre Slangen, Manouk Abkarian
Summary: Phonation has been found to be a potent transmission route for the COVID-19 virus. To control transmission, it is important to measure the amount of aerosols produced by speech. Researchers used digital in-line holography to overcome experimental challenges and successfully imaged the formation and deformation of saliva filaments in the mouth during speech, as well as the resulting aerosolized droplets.
JOURNAL OF AEROSOL SCIENCE
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Yating Wang, Yiyang Zhang, Zhu Fang, Xinxin Wu
Summary: The research investigates the energy dissipation in particle-wall collision with roughness using the finite element method. The results show that the presence of surface roughness leads to lower viscoelastic dissipation and higher restitution coefficient compared to a smooth surface. The collision time is identified as a key factor in predicting the energy dissipation.
JOURNAL OF AEROSOL SCIENCE
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Shaamrit Balendra, Akshay Kale, Julie Pongetti, Mohsen Kazemimanesh, Molly Haugen, Lee Weller, Adam Boies
Summary: The measurement of airborne particles is important for detecting and characterising air pollution, emissions, fire detection, occupational and climate impacts. However, current optical particle counters (OPCs) cannot measure ultrafine particles. This study explores the limitations of miniaturising a condensation particle counter (CPC) growth chamber and provides a toolkit for optimising the design of miniaturised CPC-GCs.
JOURNAL OF AEROSOL SCIENCE
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Markus Snellman, Namsoon Eom, Maria E. Messing, Knut Deppert, Chris Hogan
Summary: Segregated bimetallic nanoparticles, such as core-shell nanoparticles, have attracted widespread interest in various fields like biomedicine, catalysis, and optoelectronics. Aerosol technology provides an optimal platform for controlling the size, structure, and composition of nanoparticles, which are crucial parameters for tuning the material performance for specific applications. In this study, researchers developed a novel evaporator design that allows on-line coating of core particles with a shell directly in the gas phase. By utilizing a local heater, the researchers were able to decouple the heating process of the evaporating material from the aerosol particles, thereby limiting core-shell alloying. The resulting core-shell particle formation with controllable shell thickness was demonstrated using evaporation of zinc onto core particles of gold, tin, and bismuth. Simple models were also discussed to explain the observed growth process inside the evaporator and the formation of the shell.
JOURNAL OF AEROSOL SCIENCE
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Kentaro Misawa, Yuto Kasai
Summary: In this study, the laser-induced fluorescence technique was used to observe scattered and fluorescent signals from fluorescent polystyrene latex particles. The ratio of fluorescence to scattered signal intensities was found to be almost equal for particles of the same size, allowing for the separate observation of mixed-size fluorescent particles. Relative fluorescence intensities were obtained by incorporating ratios of fluorescence to scattered signal and relative scattered signal intensities.
JOURNAL OF AEROSOL SCIENCE
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Sripriya Nannu Shankar, William B. Vass, John A. Lednicky, Tracey Logan, Rebeccah L. Messcher, Arantzazu Eiguren-Fernandez, Stavros Amanatidis, Tara Sabo-Attwood, Chang-Yu Wu
Summary: This study introduces a testing system that allows for direct exposure of aerosolized viruses onto host cells. By collecting particles of different sizes and analyzing them, researchers obtained information on the concentration and viability of the virus at different particle sizes.
JOURNAL OF AEROSOL SCIENCE
(2024)
