Article
Microbiology
Henry P. P. Oswin, Allen E. E. Haddrell, Cordelia Hughes, Mara Otero-Fernandez, Richard J. J. Thomas, Jonathan P. P. Reid
Summary: Using CELEBS, researchers found that the decay of Escherichia coli in airborne droplets is influenced by factors such as residence time and oxygen concentration. The presence of oxygen facilitates the formation of reactive oxygen species, leading to bacterial death.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Qui Quach, Tarek M. Abdel-Fattah
Summary: In this study, an effective method of enhancing the antibacterial property of graphene oxide was developed by growing nanosilica on its surface. Functionalized silver nanoparticles were also added to create a composite material with antimicrobial effects.
Article
Biology
Mariana Tinajero-Trejo, Oliver Carnell, Azhar F. Kabli, Laia Pasquina-Lemonche, Lucia Lafage, Aidong Han, Jamie K. Hobbs, Simon J. Foster
Summary: DivIC plays a crucial role in cell division and survival in Staphylococcus aureus by regulating peptidoglycan synthesis and recruitment of synthesis enzymes. Its function and recruitment rely on its interaction with the cell wall.
COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Arancha Catalan-Moreno, Marta Cela, Pilar Menendez-Gil, Naiara Irurzun, Carlos J. Caballero, Isabelle Caldelari, Alejandro Toledo-Arana
Summary: The production of cold shock proteins CspB and CspC from Staphylococcus aureus is controlled by two paralogous RNA thermoswitches, which adopt alternative RNA structures at different temperatures, affecting the translation process. Simultaneous deletion of these genes or their RNA thermoswitches significantly decreases the growth rate of the bacteria at lower temperatures.
NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Biophysics
Nikola Ojkic, Shiladitya Banerjee
Summary: Research shows that the bacterium Bacillus subtilis exhibits highly robust cell geometry, with a well-conserved scaling relationship between surface area and volume regulated by nutrient-dependent production of metabolic enzymes. Theoretical predictions suggest different modes of cell shape transformations in various bacterial species, with mechanisms proposed for cell shape adaptation to different nutrient perturbations. Organisms with high surface-to-volume scaling exponent gamma, like B. subtilis, show less sensitivity in cell width to growth-rate changes compared to organisms with low gamma, such as Acinetobacter baumannii.
BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Natsu Aoyama, Hideyuki Kanematsu, Dana M. Barry, Hidekazu Miura, Akiko Ogawa, Takeshi Kogo, Risa Kawai, Takeshi Hagio, Nobumitsu Hirai, Takehito Kato, Michiko Yoshitake, Ryoichi Ichino
Summary: Biofilms, composed of bacteria, are formed on material surfaces due to bacterial activity. They provide an environment conducive to bacterial growth and propagation, and are resistant to disinfectants and antibiotics. This study investigates the potential application of alternating electromagnetic fields for biofilm control and finds that the combination of bacteria type, material, and low-frequency electromagnetic fields can change the circumstances of biofilm suppression.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Jingyue Wang, Huazhi Xiao, Fangkun Zhao, Bo Zhao, Min Xu, Zhijiang Zhou, Ye Han
Summary: The study successfully cloned the fructan sucrase gene of Bacillus subtilis, achieving efficient expression and purification, providing a new approach for enzymatic production of fructan on a large scale.
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Xiaofang Li, Xiaodan He, Kaiyan Ren, Hailiang Dong, Bin Lian
Summary: The study investigated the ability of two model bacteria, Bacillus subtilis and Escherichia coli, to induce carbonate mineralization. It was found that Bacillus subtilis was more effective in inducing mineral formation, resulting in the formation of vaterite and calcite, while Escherichia coli formed amorphous calcium carbonate. Protein molecules played a crucial role in the formation of biological vaterite.
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Wei Wang, Huimin Zhang, Xiufeng Yu, Shaoyan Zhang
Summary: High-speed micellar electrokinetic chromatography with LIF detection was used to study the antagonism between three intestinal bacteria, E. coli, B. licheniformis, and B. subtilis. The method involved fluorescent derivatization of the bacteria and separation in a high-speed capillary electrophoresis device. Results showed that B. licheniformis and B. subtilis could not inhibit each other, but they could effectively inhibit the reproduction of E. coli, demonstrating the potential application of this method in bacterial antagonism studies.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Oliwia Metryka, Daniel Wasilkowski, Agnieszka Mrozik
Summary: This study investigated the impact of metal nanoparticles on bacteria, and found that different nanoparticles have different effects on gene expression and antioxidant enzyme activity in bacteria. The study also revealed that these effects are dependent on the type and concentration of nanoparticles.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Julien Mortier, Sander K. Govers, Alexander Cambre, Ronald Van Eyken, Jolanda Verheul, Tanneke den Blaauwen, Abram Aertsen
Summary: Mechanisms underlying deviant cell size fluctuations among clonal bacterial siblings are generally considered to be cryptic and stochastic in nature. However, by scrutinizing heat-stressed populations of the model bacterium Escherichia coli, researchers have uncovered the presence of a deterministic asymmetry in cell division caused by intracellular protein aggregates (PAs). These PAs affect the positioning of the FtsZ division septum, resulting in increased length of PA-inheriting siblings.
CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR LIFE SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Matthew W. Frank, Sarah G. Whaley, Charles O. Rock
Summary: Branched-chain amino acids, particularly isoleucine, play a crucial role in regulating virulence in Staphylococcus aureus by being converted to precursor molecules for fatty acid synthesis. The selectivity of how the bacterium metabolizes isoleucine influences the composition of membrane phospholipids, demonstrating the importance of isoleucine metabolism in controlling membrane structure.
JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jae Sung Cho, Dongsoo Yang, Cindy Pricilia Surya Prabowo, Mohammad Rifqi Ghiffary, Taehee Han, Kyeong Rok Choi, Cheon Woo Moon, Hengrui Zhou, Jae Yong Ryu, Hyun Uk Kim, Sang Yup Lee
Summary: Researchers have developed a synthetic sRNA platform that can be used in a wide range of bacteria, allowing knockdown of target genes and reducing virulence-associated phenotypes in pathogens. It can also be used for metabolic engineering to produce specific chemicals. The platform has been successfully tested in 16 bacterial species.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Cynthia Jinno, Xunde Li, Yanhong Liu
Summary: This study aimed to characterize the effects of ETEC infection, supplementing B. subtilis DSM 25841, or carbadox on intestinal microbiota of pigs. The results indicated that AGP reduced the relative abundance of beneficial bacteria in the intestines, while DFM had higher relative abundance of beneficial bacteria in some intestinal segments.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Shuang Li, Yiqi Wang, Lianjun Feng, Zhongxian Yu, Min Qiu, Ying Wang, Naisheng Zhang, Xiaoyu Hu, Yunhe Fu
Summary: The study revealed that Bacillus subtilis H28 can alleviate E. coli-induced endometritis symptoms and maintain the endometrial barrier while reducing inflammatory responses.
MICROBIAL PATHOGENESIS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Yu Sung Cho, Hye Ri Kim, Hyun Sik Ko, Sang Bin Jeong, Byoung Chan Kim, Jae Hee Jung
Review
Environmental Sciences
Byung Uk Lee
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH
(2020)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Ki Joon Heo, Sang Bin Jeong, Juhun Shin, Gi Byoung Hwang, Hyun Sik Ko, Yeonsang Kim, Dong Yun Choi, Jae Hee Jung
Summary: Bioaerosols, including the 2019 novel coronavirus, are a serious global public health threat. A visible-light-activated antimicrobial air filter with titanium dioxide-crystal violet nanocomposites demonstrates high antimicrobial inactivation and filtration efficiency. Crystal violet plays a role in inducing reactive oxygen species production both directly and indirectly. Improved humidity resistance highlights its potential applicability in real environments.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Ki Joon Heo, Hyun Sik Ko, Sang Bin Jeong, Sang Bok Kim, Jae Hee Jung
Summary: A novel method for obtaining enriched bioaerosol samples with high efficiency and concentration enhancement ratio has been developed through unique aerosol-liquid interaction. This method shows significant potential for air monitoring in occupational and public-health applications with low detection limit and high collection efficiency.
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Sang Bin Jeong, Ki Joon Heo, Hyun Sik Ko, Jae Pyoung Ahn, Seung-Bok Lee, Jae Hee Jung
Summary: The study evaluated the microbial survival rate at each layer of commercial filtering facepiece respirators (FFRs) and surgical masks (SMs), showing that most bacterial particles survived in the filter layer and outer layer, with lower survival rates in the inner layers.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Hyun Sik Ko, Sang Bin Jeong, Sooyeol Phyo, Jiwon Lee, Jae Hee Jung
Summary: The study evaluated the characteristics of particulate and gaseous pollutants produced by a household laser processing equipment, finding that the mode diameters of emitted particles decreased and particle number concentration increased with higher laser power. Additionally, increasing the sheath air flow rate resulted in a decrease in mode diameter of emitted particles but had little effect on particle number concentration.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Ki Joon Heo, Hyun Ju Oh, Hyeonjin Eom, Yeonsang Kim, Jae Hee Jung
Summary: The use of high-efficiency bag filters coated with PTFE nano particles using air-assisted electrospraying technology shows promising potential in reducing PM emissions from industrial sources. The unique three-dimensional microporous structure of PTFE NPs enhances mechanical filtration performance and improves surface hydrophobicity, highlighting the feasibility of large-scale implementation.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Ki Joon Heo, Inyong Park, Gunhee Lee, Keejung Hong, Bangwoo Han, Jae Hee Jung, Sang Bok Kim
Summary: This study aimed to quantitatively evaluate the effects of air purifiers on the spread of COVID-19 and suggested guidelines for their safe use. The results showed that while the air purifiers had little impact on the spread of simulated respiratory droplet nuclei, they significantly affected the spread of nano-sized virus aggregates. The constant operation of air purifiers with HEPA filters reduced the concentration of both simulated respiratory droplet nuclei and nano-sized aggregates, indicating their effectiveness in reducing airborne particles.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Byung Uk Lee
Summary: This study analyzes the rapid spread of the SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant by examining the high viral load and aerosol generation capability, leading to efficient airborne transmission. Vaccination can reduce viral load of the Alpha variant, helping to mitigate aerosol transmission.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Byung Uk Lee
Summary: A recent extensive study on the airborne transmission of respiratory viruses summarized the history and scientific mechanisms behind viral aerosols. However, the study inadequately interpreted the key experimental results and led to an inappropriate direction for studying viral aerosols in the COVID-19 pandemic. This letter discusses two critical points from the perspective of aerosol sciences against the study on the airborne transmission of respiratory viruses.
AEROSOL AND AIR QUALITY RESEARCH
(2022)
Letter
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Byung Uk Lee
Summary: An outbreak on a navy ship resulted in a high infection rate among soldiers, highlighting important lessons for pandemic control. This incident specifically shed light on the transmission characteristics of the Delta variant, providing valuable insights for future prevention efforts.
JOURNAL OF TRAVEL MEDICINE
(2021)
Correction
Environmental Sciences
Byung Uk Lee
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Ki Joon Heo, Sang Bin Jeong, Cheol Eun Lim, Gun Woong Lee, Byung Uk Lee
Summary: Diurnal variations in the concentrations of culturable fungal and bacterial bioaerosols were studied during winter and spring. The concentrations of bacterial bioaerosols showed significant variations during the day, with two peaks observed in the morning and evening periods in winter. Diurnal variations in bacterial bioaerosols were greater in spring compared to winter. However, fungal bioaerosol concentrations were not affected by diurnal and seasonal changes. The study also analyzed the relationship between environmental properties and bioaerosol concentrations, with temperature suspected as a significant factor. The findings of this study can help explain various public health phenomena.
Letter
Infectious Diseases
Byung Uk Lee
Editorial Material
Infectious Diseases
Byung Uk Lee
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Francisco J. Higuera, Juan Fernandez de la Mora
Summary: This study investigates a particle condensation device that uses cold and warm humid air streams to achieve water vapor condensation. Compared to existing water condensation particle counters, this configuration offers advantages such as variable saturation ratio, accelerated penetration of water vapor, and a relatively uniform saturation field.
JOURNAL OF AEROSOL SCIENCE
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Brijal Prajapati, Vishal Dharaiya, Manoranjan Sahu, Chandra Venkatraman, Pratim Biswas, Kajal Yadav, Delwin Pullokaran, Ramya Sunder Raman, Ruqia Bhat, Tanveer Ahmad Najar, Arshid Jehangir
Summary: This study evaluated the performance of a low-cost particulate matter sensor and proposed a physics-based calibration method. The results showed that the physics-based calibration approach performed better compared to statistical models at both observation sites.
JOURNAL OF AEROSOL SCIENCE
(2024)
Correction
Engineering, Chemical
N. Searle, K. Kaur, K. Kelly
JOURNAL OF AEROSOL SCIENCE
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Tianyu Cen, Laura Torrent, Andrea Testino, Christian Ludwig
Summary: In this study, a hyphenated setup consisting of a rotating disk diluter (RDD) with spICP-MS (RDDspICP-MS) was used for online sampling and characterization of metallic nanoparticles (NPs) in ambient pressure aerosols. The RDD allowed for constant flow rate sampling of aerosols and adjusting the dilution ratio for different particle number concentrations (PNCs). The feasibility of this setup was tested with different sizes of AuNPs in argon-based and air-based aerosols, and the results showed a lower limit of detection for number concentration. The capability of the setup to accurately investigate multi-modal samples and the interference of ionic species was also demonstrated.
JOURNAL OF AEROSOL SCIENCE
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
A. Valenzuela, E. Bazo, R. A. Rica, L. Alados-Arboledas, F. J. Olmo-Reyes
Summary: This article introduces a method to measure the extinction cross section of levitated particles using an electrodynamic trap and double-cavity ring down spectroscopy technique, and demonstrates the potential of this method in 1,2,6-hexanetriol particles through simulations and experiments. Unlike traditional methods, this technique provides crucial information about the extinction cross section of sodium chloride particles during dehydration and hydration processes.
JOURNAL OF AEROSOL SCIENCE
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Shadi Yaqoubi, Mohaddese Sokuti, Sahand Mazloum-Ravasan, Kofi Asare-Addo, Hamed Hamishehkar, Ali Nokhodchi
Summary: In this study, a modified version of ultrasonic spray pyrolysis was used to prepare salbutamol sulfate dry powder. The engineered particles showed suitable characteristics for effective drug delivery to the lungs and demonstrated acceptable aerosolization performance. This newly introduced method appears to be capable of producing dry powder formulations of different drugs without the need for surfactants or stabilizers.
JOURNAL OF AEROSOL SCIENCE
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Ashley L. Nord, Patrice Dosset, Pierre Slangen, Manouk Abkarian
Summary: Phonation has been found to be a potent transmission route for the COVID-19 virus. To control transmission, it is important to measure the amount of aerosols produced by speech. Researchers used digital in-line holography to overcome experimental challenges and successfully imaged the formation and deformation of saliva filaments in the mouth during speech, as well as the resulting aerosolized droplets.
JOURNAL OF AEROSOL SCIENCE
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Yating Wang, Yiyang Zhang, Zhu Fang, Xinxin Wu
Summary: The research investigates the energy dissipation in particle-wall collision with roughness using the finite element method. The results show that the presence of surface roughness leads to lower viscoelastic dissipation and higher restitution coefficient compared to a smooth surface. The collision time is identified as a key factor in predicting the energy dissipation.
JOURNAL OF AEROSOL SCIENCE
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Shaamrit Balendra, Akshay Kale, Julie Pongetti, Mohsen Kazemimanesh, Molly Haugen, Lee Weller, Adam Boies
Summary: The measurement of airborne particles is important for detecting and characterising air pollution, emissions, fire detection, occupational and climate impacts. However, current optical particle counters (OPCs) cannot measure ultrafine particles. This study explores the limitations of miniaturising a condensation particle counter (CPC) growth chamber and provides a toolkit for optimising the design of miniaturised CPC-GCs.
JOURNAL OF AEROSOL SCIENCE
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Markus Snellman, Namsoon Eom, Maria E. Messing, Knut Deppert, Chris Hogan
Summary: Segregated bimetallic nanoparticles, such as core-shell nanoparticles, have attracted widespread interest in various fields like biomedicine, catalysis, and optoelectronics. Aerosol technology provides an optimal platform for controlling the size, structure, and composition of nanoparticles, which are crucial parameters for tuning the material performance for specific applications. In this study, researchers developed a novel evaporator design that allows on-line coating of core particles with a shell directly in the gas phase. By utilizing a local heater, the researchers were able to decouple the heating process of the evaporating material from the aerosol particles, thereby limiting core-shell alloying. The resulting core-shell particle formation with controllable shell thickness was demonstrated using evaporation of zinc onto core particles of gold, tin, and bismuth. Simple models were also discussed to explain the observed growth process inside the evaporator and the formation of the shell.
JOURNAL OF AEROSOL SCIENCE
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Kentaro Misawa, Yuto Kasai
Summary: In this study, the laser-induced fluorescence technique was used to observe scattered and fluorescent signals from fluorescent polystyrene latex particles. The ratio of fluorescence to scattered signal intensities was found to be almost equal for particles of the same size, allowing for the separate observation of mixed-size fluorescent particles. Relative fluorescence intensities were obtained by incorporating ratios of fluorescence to scattered signal and relative scattered signal intensities.
JOURNAL OF AEROSOL SCIENCE
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Sripriya Nannu Shankar, William B. Vass, John A. Lednicky, Tracey Logan, Rebeccah L. Messcher, Arantzazu Eiguren-Fernandez, Stavros Amanatidis, Tara Sabo-Attwood, Chang-Yu Wu
Summary: This study introduces a testing system that allows for direct exposure of aerosolized viruses onto host cells. By collecting particles of different sizes and analyzing them, researchers obtained information on the concentration and viability of the virus at different particle sizes.
JOURNAL OF AEROSOL SCIENCE
(2024)
