Journal
JOURNAL OF ADHESION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
Volume 24, Issue 13-14, Pages 2105-2126Publisher
TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
DOI: 10.1163/016942410X507948
Keywords
Alzheimer's disease; amyloid-beta protein; brain microvascular endothelium; cerebral amyloid angiopathy; intercellular adhesion molecule-1; monocytes; nuclear factor-kappa B; vascular cell adhesion molecule-1
Funding
- American Heart Association [0565387U]
- Mid-Atlantic Affiliate
- NIH, National Center for Research Resources [P20 RR-016461]
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The adhesion of circulating monocytes to cerebrovascular endothelium has the potential to contribute to the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). In AD, the amyloid-beta protein (A beta) assembles to form fibrils that deposit within both the brain parenchyma and the cerebrovasculature. Soluble A beta aggregates, intermediates on the pathway to mature fibril formation, are responsible for the stimulation of brain microvascular endothelial cells for increased adhesion of monocytes. However, a related role for soluble A beta aggregates in the upregulation of endothelial cell surface adhesion molecules that support monocyte adhesion remains to be demonstrated. The current study establishes that upregulation of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) on the surface of human brain microvascular endothelial cells is selectively induced by soluble A beta(1-40) aggregates, while unaggregated monomer and mature fibril fail to elicit a substantial increase in adhesion molecule expression. A beta induced changes in VCAM-1 and ICAM-1 expression are transient and are mediated by NF-kappa B activation. Both VCAM-1 and ICAM-1 participate in A beta(1-40) aggregate stimulated endothelial-monocyte adhesion. VCAM-1 plays an essential role in this cell adhesion event, while ICAM-1 presents a less pronounced contribution. These results delineate a selective role for soluble A beta aggregates in the stimulation of brain endothelium via the NF-kappa B mediated upregulation of cell surface adhesion molecules VCAM-1 and ICAM-1 to augment monocyte adhesion, the first step for infiltration of monocytes across the blood-brain barrier where they can exacerbate AD pathogenesis. (C) Koninklijke Brill NV, Leiden, 2010
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