Editorial Material
Substance Abuse
Robert West, Sharon Cox
Summary: The 1988 US Surgeon General's Report on Nicotine Addiction highlighted the addictive nature of tobacco and the role of nicotine in addiction. While the report's main conclusions have held up well over 30 years, it is now understood that different nicotine products vary in addictiveness and there is a need for updated thinking on this topic.
Article
Nursing
Regina M. Roig-Romero, Taylor A. Livingston, Ellen J. Schafer, Estefanny Reyes Martinez, Maret Wachira, Stephanie Marhefka
Summary: This study describes the existing breastfeeding friendly childcare designation programs in the United States and how states are accommodating breastfeeding families in childcare settings. The results show that 15 states have such programs with common components such as written policy, suitable space for breastfeeding, educational materials, and breastfeeding resources. Most states require self-assessment for designation.
JOURNAL OF HUMAN LACTATION
(2022)
Letter
Medicine, General & Internal
John O. Fleming, Kolar Murthy
Summary: The Perspective article by Howell failed to acknowledge the significant contributions of William H. Oldendorf, a neurologist and member of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, to the development of computed tomographic scanning. Oldendorf, who was the first neurologist elected to the National Academy of Sciences, created the first known prototype apparatus for CT in 1961, leading to a more direct and humane way of imaging the brain.
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Gabriel S. Tajeu, Stavros Tsipas, Michael Rakotz, Gregory Wozniak
Summary: The Surgeon General released a Call-to-Action in 2020 to address the high prevalence of hypertension and suboptimal rates of blood pressure control in the United States, which has an annual cost of $71 billion to the healthcare system. The review identified cost-effective strategies recommended in the Call-to-Action, such as promoting access to physical activity opportunities and healthy food options, standardized treatment approaches, and empowering patients for self-measured BP monitoring and medication adherence. Future research should focus on the cost-effectiveness of other guidelines and interventions to improve BP control.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HYPERTENSION
(2022)
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Calvin L. Colvin, Ayoola Kalejaiye, Gbenga Ogedegbe, Yvonne Commodore-Mensah
Summary: Hypertension is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease, and poor blood pressure control is a challenge in clinical and public health. Racial and ethnic disparities contribute to inequities in hypertension outcomes. The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services calls for the elimination of hypertension disparities and improvement in blood pressure control through addressing social determinants.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HYPERTENSION
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Lauren A. Ciovacco, Shannon Hughes
Summary: The article argues that addiction is a rational, protective response to suffering and different from the conventional concept of disease. It emphasizes that compulsive substance use is an attempt to escape personal suffering, rather than being driven by the substances themselves.
JOURNAL OF HUMANISTIC PSYCHOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Substance Abuse
Ovide F. Pomerleau, Neal L. Benowitz, Maxine L. Stitzer, Jack E. Henningfield, Dorothy K. Hatsukami, William A. Corrigall, Kenneth A. Perkins, Harry A. Lando
Summary: The Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco was established 30 years ago in the United States to promote the generation and dissemination of new knowledge about nicotine and tobacco. The Society is now facing new challenges in areas such as tobacco control, nicotine vaping, product regulation, and public policy. By promoting scientific research, the Society has had a significant impact on funding, policy, and regulation.
NICOTINE & TOBACCO RESEARCH
(2023)
Editorial Material
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Pippa Wells
Summary: The discovery of 'weak neutral currents' at CERN 50 years ago was a crucial milestone in establishing the standard model of particle physics, and research in this field continues to progress.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Juan Galeano, Alejandra Contreras, Lorena Pabon, Ana C. Ruiz, Hector Serrano-Coll, Margarita Arboleda
Summary: This case report presents a case of leprosy relapse, where the patient experienced an initial infection and developed necrotizing erythema nodosum leprosum. It highlights the importance of long-term follow-up for patients with risk factors for relapse, especially those treated prior to the standard multidrug therapy. The report stresses the significance of clinical follow-up and surveillance for public health.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE
(2023)
Article
Orthopedics
Alessandro Aprato, Luisangelo Sordo, Angelo Costantino, Luigi Sabatini, Luca Barberis, Diego Testa, Alessandro Masse
Summary: The study reported a 15.7% conversion rate to total knee replacement (TKR) at 20 years after arthroscopic meniscectomy (AM), with significant predictors for subsequent TKR including female sex, older age, lateral meniscectomy, malalignment, and advanced chondral lesion. Age 60 to 70 years at the time of AM and lateral meniscectomy were negative predictor factors for achieving equal or superior Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) scores adjusted for age and sex.
ARTHROSCOPY-THE JOURNAL OF ARTHROSCOPIC AND RELATED SURGERY
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Maanek Sehgal, Uri Ladabaum, Alka Mithal, Harminder Singh, Manisha Desai, Gurkirpal Singh
Summary: This study found that undergoing colonoscopy at ages 45-49 or 50-54 years was associated with substantial decreases in subsequent colorectal cancer incidence.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yang Zhang, Steve J. Smith, Michelle Bell, Amy Mueller, Matthew Eckelman, Sara Wylie, Elizabeth L. Sweet, Ping Chen, Deb A. Niemeier
Summary: Effective solutions require integration of improved data, technology innovations, community engagement, and environmental justice.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Sicheng Cai, Huiying Shi, Mengke Fan, Qin Zhang, Rong Lin
Summary: For patients under 50 years old with fewer than 3 NAAs that are 1-5 mm in size, the recurrence rate of NAA is lower compared to patients over 50 years old with the same findings. However, when adenomas are 5 mm or larger, or exceed 3 in number, the recurrence risk is similar between the two age groups.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Area Studies
Adam P. Liff
Summary: This study analyzes the significance of the one China framework for Japan-Taiwan relations and assesses the changes in these relations over the past half-century. The findings show that the relationship between Japan and Taiwan has been gradually strengthening in the 21st century, demonstrating resilience to political transitions, China's growing power, and worsening cross-Strait frictions.
Article
Economics
Keith Breckenridge, Deborah James
Summary: This special issue addresses the failure of scholars to consider and analyze the forms of capitalism that have developed on the African continent, and focuses on studying economic arrangements and the history and politics of African economics as an intellectual and institutional project. The issue considers the advantages and disadvantages of viewing Africa as part of the 'Global South' and how to combine analysis of intimate and smaller-scale economies with recognition of large-scale processes.
ECONOMY AND SOCIETY
(2021)