Article
Critical Care Medicine
Nicholas A. Bosch, Justin M. Rucci, Joseph M. Massaro, Michael R. Winter, Emily K. Quinn, Ki H. Chon, David D. McManus, Allan J. Walkey
Summary: In a large cohort of patients with sepsis and AF with rapid ventricular response, a (3-blocker treatment strategy was associated with improved HR control at 1 h, but generally similar HR control at 6 h compared with amiodarone, calcium channel blocker, or digoxin.
Review
Health Care Sciences & Services
Zhihao Yang, Xueyun Zeng, Weidong Huang, Qingqing Chai, Angela Zhao, Ling-Hsiang Chuang, Bin Wu, Nan Luo
Summary: This study aimed to examine the reporting of health state utility (HSU) data characteristics in cost-utility analysis (CUA) studies conducted in Asia. The study found that the characteristics of HSU data were not reported in most of the studies, making it difficult to evaluate the quality and appropriateness of the HSUs used.
HEALTH AND QUALITY OF LIFE OUTCOMES
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Michael Megaly, Kevin Buda, Khaldoon Alaswad, Emmanouil S. Brilakis, Allison Dupont, Srihari Naidu, Magnus Ohman, L. Christian Napp, William O'Neill, Mir B. Basir
Summary: In RCTs involving AMI-related cardiogenic shock, fewer women and lower-risk patients are enrolled compared to registries. RCT patients are more likely to receive aggressive treatment and have lower in-hospital and 30-day mortality.
JACC-CARDIOVASCULAR INTERVENTIONS
(2022)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
C. D. Williams, Z. Al-Jammali, M. C. Herink
Summary: The use of gabapentinoids for pain is increasing, but there are concerns regarding their side effects and risks, especially when combined with other centrally acting drugs. Comparative effectiveness trials and FDA studies have shown only modest pain benefits for gabapentinoids, with placebo response often being significant. Based on the available clinical trial evidence, prescribers should exercise caution when using gabapentinoids for pain, particularly for extended periods or in combination with other centrally acting agents.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Charles E. Gaber, Alan C. Kinlaw, Jessie K. Edwards, Jennifer L. Lund, Til Sturmer, Sharon Peacock Hinton, Virginia Pate, Luther A. Bartelt, Robert S. Sandler, Anne F. Peery
Summary: Comparing metronidazole-with-fluoroquinolone versus amoxicillin-clavulanate for outpatient diverticulitis showed no significant differences in diverticulitis-specific outcomes, but a higher risk of CDI in the metronidazole-with-fluoroquinolone group.
ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Health Care Sciences & Services
Mahmoud Al-Masaeed, Mohammad Alghawanmeh, Ashraf Al-Singlawi, Rawan Alsababha, Muhammad Alqudah
Summary: This review evaluates the efficacy of COVID-19 treatment medications and finds that antiretroviral drugs are useful in early treatment. It also suggests that vitamins, minerals, and supplements can boost immunity, while antibiotics do not significantly improve patient wellbeing. Additional clinical trials are needed to examine potential side effects and vaccination remains crucial in limiting the spread of the SARS-CoV-2 virus.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Yoon Duk Hong, Jeroen P. Jansen, John Guerino, Marc L. Berger, William Crown, Wim G. Goettsch, C. Daniel Mullins, Richard J. Willke, Lucinda S. Orsini
Summary: The study found that there was no significant difference in relative risk ratios between the majority of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and observational studies, but significant variation existed in about 20% of comparisons, warranting further investigation into the sources of this variation and clarifying the contributing factors.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Phyo T. Htoo, Helen Tesfaye, Sebastian Schneeweiss, Deborah J. Wexler, Brendan M. Everett, Robert J. Glynn, Seoyoung C. Kim, Mehdi Najafzadeh, Lisette Koeneman, Soulmaz Fazeli Farsani, Anouk Deruaz-Luyet, Julie M. Paik, Elisabetta Patorno
Summary: This study shows that empagliflozin is associated with a lower risk of heart failure compared to liraglutide and sitagliptin in older adults. Additionally, in patients with established cardiorenal diseases, empagliflozin has larger absolute benefits for the modified MACE outcome.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Alejandro Rivero-de-Aguilar, Monica Perez-Rios, Alberto Ruano-Ravina, Cristina Candal-Pedreira, Marilina Puente-Hernandez, Joseph S. Ross, Leonor Varela-Lema
Summary: This study aimed to assess the publication status of phase III and IV clinical trials on multiple sclerosis (MS) drugs and identify factors associated with their publication in peer-reviewed journals. The study found that a favorable primary outcome and reaching the original sample size were associated with trial publication, while having more than 20% of patients lost to follow-up and evaluating drugs intended to improve treatment tolerability were associated with a lower odds of publication. Efforts are needed to ensure the complete and accurate dissemination of data in MS clinical research.
JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY NEUROSURGERY AND PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Letter
Medicine, General & Internal
Ubonphan Chaichana, Kenneth K. C. Man, Anthony Chen, Ian C. K. Wong, Jacob George, Peter Wilson, Li Wei
Summary: This cross-sectional study investigates the variations in definitions of post-COVID-19 conditions found in published studies.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Lisong Zhang, Jim Lewsey, David A. McAllister
Summary: This article reviews the use of physician's prescribing preference as an instrumental variable (PPP IV) in comparative effectiveness research (CER) and evaluates its performance through simulation studies. The findings suggest that the appropriate use of PPP IV can provide useful guidance, and existing studies have concluded that PPP IV is a valid instrumental variable. Future research should consider methodological issues to improve the validity of findings when using PPP IV.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Health Care Sciences & Services
Edwin Cohen, Bill Byrom, Anja Becher, Magnus Jornten-Karlsson, Andrew K. Mackenzie
Summary: This systematic review evaluates the effectiveness of electronic consent (eConsent) in enhancing patient understanding, engagement, and acceptability of clinical trial information. The results show that compared to traditional paper-based consent, eConsent allows patients to better understand trial information, engage more actively, and rate the consent process as more acceptable and usable.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL INTERNET RESEARCH
(2023)
Review
Health Care Sciences & Services
Edwin Cohen, Bill Byrom, Anja Becher, Magnus Jornten-Karlsson, Andrew K. Mackenzie
Summary: This systematic review examines the effectiveness of electronic consent (eConsent) compared to traditional paper-based consent. The findings show that patients using eConsent have a better understanding of study information, greater engagement with content, and find the consenting process more acceptable and usable. eConsent has the potential to address data quality concerns related to flawed consenting processes.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL INTERNET RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Cecile Payet, Stephanie Polazzi, Jean-Francois Obadia, Xavier Armoiry, Jose Labarere, Muriel Rabilloud, Antoine Duclos
Summary: The study evaluated the performance of high-dimensional propensity scores (hdPSs) in surgical comparative effectiveness studies, finding them to be more accurate and balanced compared to traditional propensity scores (PSs). Results showed that hdPS estimates were more consistent with results seen in randomized controlled trials, indicating hdPSs as a promising alternative for controlling indication bias in comparative studies of surgical procedures.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Van Thu Nguyen, Mishelle Engleton, Mauricia Davison, Philippe Ravaud, Raphael Porcher, Isabelle Boutron
Summary: Reporting of essential information of study design in observational studies remained suboptimal. Selection bias and immortal time bias were common methodological issues that researchers and physicians should be aware of when interpreting the results of observational studies using routinely collected data.