Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Federico Gallo, Keerthi Ramanujan, Yury Shtyrov, Andriy Myachykov
Summary: Language serves as a universal tool for communication and interaction in human society, with sociocultural and contextual factors strongly influencing linguistic experiences, especially in bilingual contexts. This perspective piece focuses on non-pathological first-language attrition, which is closely related to immersion in non-L1 environments, and suggests examining it as a form of bilingual experience, particularly in relation to its neurocognitive bases.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2021)
Editorial Material
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Mark A. Herman
Summary: Experts controversially proposed renaming non-alcoholic fatty liver disease as 'metabolic associated fatty liver disease' in 2020 due to its strong association with obesity and cardiometabolic disease. New studies have identified genetic and dietary modifiers of the disease, which are crucial for improving diagnosis, risk-stratification, and treatment.
NATURE REVIEWS ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Microbiology
Mads Lichtenberg, Tom Coenye, Matthew R. Parsek, Thomas Bjarnsholt, Tim Holm Jakobsen
Summary: In vitro biofilms are distinct microbial communities characterized by physical traits, phenotypic features, and antibiotic tolerance. The importance of these traits varies depending on the environment and bacterial species. Mechanisms enabling antibiotic resistance in biofilms include physical barriers, physiological adaptations, and changes in gene expression. However, there is little consensus on gene expression profiles in biofilms, and a definitive "biofilm signature transcriptome" has not been identified. Spatial and temporal variability in biofilms greatly differs across systems or environments. Clinical biofilms may differ from those cultivated in laboratories and found in the environment, emphasizing the need for a better understanding of their characteristics.
FEMS MICROBIOLOGY REVIEWS
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Gakuji Kumagai
Summary: This study explores the linguistic features associated with "kawaii" and finds that the features of [labial], [high frequency], and [sonorant] are associated with "kawaii". The findings have practical implications for naming anime characters and products characterized by "kawaii".
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Koen F. Jansen, Adriaan J. Teuling, James R. Craig, Marco Dal Molin, Wouter J. M. Knoben, Juraj Parajka, Marc Vis, Lieke A. Melsen
Summary: This study compared 7 model implementations named HBV to assess the impact of model structure differences on output. The results show that differences in numerical and mathematical formulations of mimicking models lead to distinct output differences in simulated streamflow, which decrease after calibration.
WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Management
Alessandro Minichilli, Annalisa Prencipe, Suresh Radhakrishnan, Gianfranco Siciliano
Summary: This study examines the relationship between financial reporting quality (FRQ) and eponymy, finding that eponymous firms have higher FRQ compared to noneponymous firms. Using a sample of 2,271 large Italian private firms, the study documents a positive association between eponymy and various FRQ measures. Furthermore, the study finds that the strength of this association is influenced by the uniqueness of the firm's name and the level of media coverage. The study also suggests that eponymous firms tend to be more conditionally conservative in their financial reporting. Overall, the results indicate that reputation concerns play a role in disciplining FRQ in private firms.
MANAGEMENT SCIENCE
(2022)
Editorial Material
Ecology
Danielle E. Lin Hunter, Gregory J. Newman, Meena M. Balgopal
Summary: Citizen science has expanded ecological and environmental sciences by involving the public in scientific processes and incorporating local expertise. However, efforts to promote inclusivity through rebranding to community science lack evidence-based understanding of the terms. A survey of participants in citizen and community science projects revealed differences in the knowledge, acceptance, and perceptions associated with these terms, as well as levels of inclusivity. These findings have important implications for those involved in citizen and community science seeking to better describe projects in the future.
FRONTIERS IN ECOLOGY AND THE ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Supreet Saluja, Karina Chan, Tully Lynch, Richard J. Stevenson
Summary: Two studies were conducted to examine the influence of names on object touch. Negative-named objects were touched for shorter durations and rated more negatively, while positive-named objects were touched for longer durations and rated more positively, similar to chemosensory verbal context effects.
ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Political Science
Kutsal Yesilkagit, Philippe Bezes, Julia Fleischer
Summary: This article examines the effects of political change on name changes of units within central government ministries. The study finds that changes in government policy position lead to changes in the names of ministerial units. Using data from the central governments of Germany, the Netherlands, and France, the study reports positive effects of governmental change and ideological positions on name changes within ministries.
PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Sergiy V. Rosokha
Summary: The studies on anion-π interactions have progressed in the past two decades, moving from the mere existence of this counter-intuitive bonding to its practical applications in anion recognition and transport, catalysis, and other fields. However, there are still substantial differences in the interpretation of the nature and driving forces behind anion-π bonding. Surprisingly, there are also conflicting opinions on the definition of this term and which associations qualify as anion-π complexes. A proposed definition suggests that anion-π bonding occurs when there is evidence of a net attraction between a (close-shell) anion and the face of an electrophilic π-system, encompassing a wide range of supramolecular complexes. This widely accepted definition would facilitate the discussion of the nature and distinct driving forces of this fascinating interaction.
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Marta Serafini, Sarah Cargnin, Alberto Massarotti, Gian Cesare Tron, Tracey Pirali, Armando A. Genazzani
Summary: This article explains the process of assigning common drug names by the World Health Organization and analyzes chemical entities from 2000 to 2021, describing changes in chemical structure, newer therapeutic targets (such as kinases), significant increases in the use of fluorine and heterocycles, as well as progressive increases in molecular weight. These analyses also reveal small signs of change, such as the rise in spirocyclic scaffolds and small rings, and the emergence of unconventional structural moieties that may predict future trends.
JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Marina Gaeta Gazzola, Emma Maclean, Mark Beitel, Iain D. Carmichael, Katharine M. Cammack, Kathryn F. Eggert, Teresa Roehrich, Lynn M. Madden, Oluwole Jegede, Xiaoying Zheng, Emma Bergman, Declan T. Barry
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the preferences of patients with opioid use disorder (OUD) regarding the terminology used by addiction counselors. The findings revealed that among patients receiving methadone treatment, the most preferred terms were addiction, substance use, and substance abuse. Additionally, there were demographic differences in terminology preferences.
JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
International Relations
Jordan Branch
Summary: This article explores the history and impact of the United States military conceptualizing the Internet and related systems as cyberspace, and highlights the important role of language in cybersecurity policy. The author argues that specific metaphors can support certain understandings and policy contests, while the emergence and consolidation of cyberspace terminology has had profound implications for the development of US military strategy and doctrine.
INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION
(2021)
Article
Dermatology
Taylor Erickson, Karishma Daftary, Victor L. L. Quan, Raj Chovatiya
Summary: As research on skin of color (SOC) in dermatology expands, it becomes crucial to define terminology accurately. The terms 'SOC', 'race', and 'ethnicity' are often used interchangeably, poorly defined, and blur the lines between biological and socially constructed categories. Skin color, previously thought to represent varying degrees of pigment or melanin, is highly variable among races and ethnicities. Furthermore, individuals with less skin pigment may identify themselves as SOC, while others with more pigment may not. The Fitzpatrick skin phototype classifications, commonly used for diversity measurement, have limitations and inaccuracies in SOC dermatology. We aim to highlight the strengths and weaknesses of current terminology in SOC dermatology, and propose a more comprehensive understanding, taking into account socioeconomic, environmental, and historical factors that may be most relevant to reported associations.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL DERMATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Julia N. Albrecht, Marco Haid, Wiebke Finkler, Peter Heimerl
Summary: This study assesses the understanding and operationalisation of the concept of sustainability by destination managers at the regional level. The findings reveal a significant debate and variation in the interpretation of sustainability in academic and practical contexts, as well as diverse prioritisation of sustainability components across destinations and regions. To achieve sustainable destination development, stakeholders need to establish a consensus and meaningful implementation of sustainability.
JOURNAL OF SUSTAINABLE TOURISM
(2022)
Article
Medical Ethics
Rea Roje, Vicko Tomic, Ivan Buljan, Ana Marusic
Summary: This study explores stakeholders' opinions on standard operating procedures (SOPs) for research integrity (RI), factors influencing the implementation of RI guidance documents and practices, and ideas for improvements. Stakeholders believe that SOPs are valuable for promoting RI and should be consistent with broader guidance, developed through dialogue with researchers and stakeholders.
ACCOUNTABILITY IN RESEARCH-ETHICS INTEGRITY AND POLICY
(2023)
Article
Education, Scientific Disciplines
Ivana Bokan, Ivan Buljan, Matko Marusic, Mario Malicki, Marta Civljak, Ana Marusic
Summary: This study aimed to explore the factors associated with enrollment in the first year of graduate nursing studies, progression from the first to the third year of undergraduate nursing study, and the desire of undergraduate students to continue nursing education at the graduate level. Results showed that more than half of the third-year undergraduate students wanted to continue their nursing studies at the graduate level, but they did not progress immediately. A follow-up study observed an increase in student attitudes towards science, motivation, and future orientation, and a decrease in perceived personal incompetence. Interventions focusing on motivation, future orientation, and personal competence are needed to promote academic progression in nursing.
NURSE EDUCATION TODAY
(2022)
Review
Medical Ethics
Rea Roje, Andrea Reyes Elizondo, Wolfgang Kaltenbrunner, Ivan Buljan, Ana Marusic
Summary: Promoting and implementing research integrity is the responsibility of multiple stakeholders in the research community. This research conducted a scoping review to analyze factors that impact the promotion and implementation of research integrity. The study found that efforts should be made at individual, institutional, and systemic levels to foster and promote research integrity practices.
ACCOUNTABILITY IN RESEARCH-ETHICS INTEGRITY AND POLICY
(2023)
Article
Medical Ethics
Andrijana Perkovic Palos, Rea Roje, Vicko Tomic, Ana Marusic
Summary: This study examined the processes and structures of research integrity and research ethics in European countries, based on the framework developed at the World Conferences on Research Integrity. The study presented Country Report Cards for 16 European countries, providing information on structures, processes, and outcomes of research integrity and research ethics. While there are variations among countries, harmonization is necessary in order to ensure consistent handling of these issues and expectations for researchers working in the European area.
ACCOUNTABILITY IN RESEARCH-ETHICS INTEGRITY AND POLICY
(2023)
Article
Medical Ethics
Marin Vidak, Vicko Tomic, Ivan Buljan, Ruzica Tokalic, Ana Marusic
Summary: Organizational climate and culture play a crucial role in research organizations by promoting research integrity, reducing questionable research practices, and enhancing job satisfaction. This study aimed to explore how employees and students perceive the organizational climate and its impact in a university setting. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with senior students and staff from two different university schools. Thematic analysis revealed three main themes: differences in perception and understanding of organizational climate, institutional issues arising from organizational climate, and stakeholders' behavior in shaping the organizational climate. Organizational climate influences both employees, especially early career researchers, and students, and can be influenced by institutional leadership, thus affecting job satisfaction. Virtue-based research integrity training could be beneficial in improving the organizational climate of academic institutions.
ACCOUNTABILITY IN RESEARCH-ETHICS INTEGRITY AND POLICY
(2023)
Editorial Material
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Ana Marusic
JOURNAL OF GLOBAL HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Ethics
Ivan Buljan, Ruzica Tokalic, Vicko Tomic, Marin Vidak, Ana Marusic
Summary: The study investigated whether the use of words related to moral foundations can predict the severity of research misconduct. Two groups of undergraduate medical students were given hypothetical scenarios containing moral words and asked to assess the inappropriateness of the described behavior. The ranking of behaviors differed based on their level of inappropriateness, but the wording of the scenarios did not significantly predict appropriateness. The reasons for ranking were related to students' moral assessment, indicating the importance of personal moral views in research integrity training.
JOURNAL OF EMPIRICAL RESEARCH ON HUMAN RESEARCH ETHICS
(2023)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Ruzica Tokalic, Tina Poklepovic Pericic, Ana Marusic
Summary: This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of web-based and face-to-face methods in teaching the GRADE approach for evidence assessment. The results showed that there was no significant difference in performance between the web-based and face-to-face groups on most of the test questions, indicating that online education can be equally effective as traditional face-to-face teaching.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL INTERNET RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jeremy Ng, Kelly G. Cobey, Saad J. Ahmed, Valerie Chow, Sharleen Maduranayagam, Lucas Santoro, Lindsey Sikora, Ana Marusic, Daniel Shanahan, Randy Townsend, Alan Ehrlich, Alfonso Iorio, David Moher
Summary: Scholarly journals play a crucial role in disseminating research findings, but there is limited focus on establishing new, credible journals and the challenges involved. This scoping review aimed to identify existing recommendations for starting a biomedical scholarly journal. The results show a lack of formal guidance, highlighting the need for an evidence-based guideline to uphold publishing quality, address obstacles faced by new journals, and provide best practices for novice publishers.
Review
Oncology
Jelena Suto, Ana Marusic, Ivan Buljan
Summary: Cochrane plain language summaries (PLSs) serve as a tool to bridge the gap between healthcare users and professionals. This study assessed the language characteristics of PLSs of Cochrane systematic reviews of oncology interventions in comparison with corresponding scientific abstracts (SAs).
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Jasna Karacic Zanetti, Matthew Brown, Marin Vidak, Ana Marusic
Summary: Global health diplomacy is the practice of using foreign affairs to address health issues that require international collaboration. This study investigated how EU diplomats and health policy professionals understand the concept of health diplomacy, which has implications for diplomatic relations and patients' rights.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Mersiha Mahmic-Kaknjo, Vicko Tomic, Moriah E. Ellen, Barbara Nussbaumer-Streit, Raluca Sfetcu, Eduard Baladia, Nicoletta Riva, Angelos P. Kassianos, Ana Marusic
Summary: This study used previous research to conduct a questionnaire survey to improve the efficient production and updating of systematic reviews (SRs). The majority of participants identified data extraction as an area that requires more research and method development.
SYSTEMATIC REVIEWS
(2023)
Article
Ethics
Natalie Evans, Armin Schmolmueller, Margreet Stolper, Giulia Inguaggiato, Astrid Hooghiemstra, Ruzica Tokalic, Daniel Pizzolato, Nicole Foeger, Ana Marusic, Marc van Hoof, Dirk Lanzerath, Bert Molewijk, Kris Dierickx, Guy Widdershoven
Summary: Universities and research institutions are increasingly offering additional training in research integrity to enhance the quality and reliability of research. A train-the-trainer program has been developed by a European Commission-funded consortium, focusing on virtue ethics, the ethos of science, and learner-centred teaching. The program combines e-learning modules with participatory group sessions, enabling trainers to guide researchers in reflecting on scientific virtues and promoting the European Code of Conduct for Research Integrity. The program has trained 470 trainers who have educated over 3300 researchers in Europe using the virtue-based approach.
Review
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Andrijana Perkovic Palos, Antonija Mijatovic, Ivan Buljan, Daniel Garcia-Costa, Elena Alvarez-Garcia, Francisco Grimaldo, Ana Marusic
Summary: We compared articles, peer review processes, and editorial processes between Medical and Health Sciences and Social Sciences. Our analysis was based on data from the Open Research Central (ORC) portal, which hosts various journal platforms for post-publication peer review. We found differences in the structure and content of articles, as well as the tone and length of peer review reports, between the two disciplines. However, the characteristics of the peer review process were similar for both types of articles, possibly due to the use of uniform policies and procedures by the publication platform.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jakov Matas, Ruzica Tokalic, Daniel Garcia-Costa, Emilia Lopez-Inesta, Elena alvarez-Garcia, Francisco Grimaldo, Ana Marusic
Summary: This study examines how medical students interact with Summary of Findings (SoF) tables and identifies their difficulties in critical thinking and understanding study outcomes. The findings suggest that students struggle with complex questions and tend to focus on answering simpler questions.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
