Review
Immunology
Joseph Hokello, Adhikarimayum Lakhikumar Sharma, Mudit Tyagi
Summary: In 2020, there were 38 million global cases of HIV infection and 690,000 deaths related to AIDS. 12.6 million individuals living with HIV/AIDS did not have access to necessary treatment. Although HAART has improved life expectancy for those with HIV/AIDS, issues such as drug resistance and side effects remain. The urgent need for an affordable and effective HIV/AIDS vaccine is underscored by the ongoing high rate of new infections globally.
Article
Immunology
Seth H. Pincus, Ryan B. Craig, Lauren Weachter, Celia C. LaBranche, Rafiq Nabi, Connie Watt, Mark Raymond, Tami Peters, Kejing Song, Grace A. Maresh, David C. Montefiori, Pamela A. Kozlowski
Summary: Research has shown that bispecific immunoadhesins binding to HIV envelope glycoproteins exhibit potent neutralization activity and deliver cytotoxic effects.
Article
Immunology
Rita O. Oladele, Iriagbonse I. Osaigbovo, Alani S. Akanmu, Olukemi A. Adekanmbi, Bassey E. Ekeng, Yahaya Mohammed, Mary A. Alex-Wele, Mark O. Okolo, Stephen T. Ayanbeku, Uchechukwu S. Unigwe, Iorhen E. Akase, Alali Dan-Jumbo, Dennis Israelski, David W. Denning, Alessandro C. Pasqualotto, Tom Chiller
Summary: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of disseminated histoplasmosis among advanced HIV patients in Nigeria. By testing Histoplasma antigen in urine samples, it was found that 7.7% of the participants were antigen-positive. Antigen-positive patients had lower CD4 counts and some were co-infected with tuberculosis. The study suggests that Histoplasma antigen testing should be included in the care package for advanced HIV disease.
EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Sileshi Lulseged, Zenebe Melaku, Abebe Habteselassie, Christine A. West, Terefe Gelibo, Wudinesh Belete, Fana Tefera, Mansoor Farahani, Minilik Demissie, Wondimu Teferi, Saro Abdella, Sehin Birhanu, Christine E. Ross
Summary: This study reveals that Ethiopia has made progress towards achieving the UNAIDS 90-90-90 targets, but there are still knowledge gaps among certain population groups, particularly males, youth, and those with low education.
Article
Immunology
Htein Linn Aung, Thomas M. Gates, Limin Mao, Bruce J. Brew, Sean B. Rourke, Lucette A. Cysique
Summary: Through the integration of data from two longitudinal studies, it was found that age has a significant impact on neurocognitive impairment in people with HIV, with the risk of NCI increasing as age increases. Additionally, factors such as nonwhite ethnicity, comorbidities, severity of cognitive symptoms, abnormal creatinine level, and plasma viral load greater than 200 copies/ml were also associated with an increased risk of NCI.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Georgios N. Pongas, Juan C. Ramos
Summary: This review focuses on the incidence, clinical features, and latest advances in the management of HIV-associated lymphomas.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Parmit Kumar Singh, Gregory J. Bedwell, Alan N. Engelman
Summary: HIV-1 integrase and capsid proteins interact with host proteins to direct viral DNA integration into gene-dense regions of the chromosome. Nuclear speckle-associated and speckle-proximal chromatin are strong predictive markers for integration, primarily in gene-dense regions and highly transcribed genes.
Article
Virology
Alice Zhabokritsky, Rosemarie Clarke, Ron Rosenes, Graham Smith, Mona Loutfy, Nisha Andany, Julian Falutz, Marina Klein, Marianne Harris, Silvia Guillemi, Darrell H. S. Tan, Gordon Arbess, Sharon Walmsley
Summary: The CHANGE HIV study, CTN 314, is a Canadian cohort investigating the health status of older individuals living with HIV. It aims to identify factors influencing healthy aging using the framework of the WHO Aging and Health conceptual framework. The study provides a comprehensive profile of various health domains, determinants, and HIV-specific factors that may affect health in people aging with HIV. The initial data of 353 participants show vulnerabilities such as high prevalence of comorbidities, frailty, and financial insecurity among women.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Hannah Fuhr, Maximilian Christopeit
Summary: This case highlights the natural course of HIV-2 infection, with successful viral suppression and complete remission of lymphoma following treatment.
Article
Respiratory System
Gerard de Vries, Sarah van de Berg, Anke van Dam, Sayohat Hasanova, Manish Pareek, Marieke J. van der Werf, Daria N. Podlekareva
Summary: The survey revealed that in the European region, most countries recommend HIV testing for all TB patients and screening for active TB in all people living with HIV. While some countries have well-integrated policies for TB and HIV care, there is room for improvement in terms of implementation.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Linda Sprague Martinez, Melissa Davoust, Serena Rajabiun, Allyson Baughman, Sara S. Bachman, Rachel Bowers-Sword, Maria Campos Rojo, Marena Sullivan, Mari-Lynn Drainoni
Summary: In the United States, research has been conducted on the integration of Community Health Workers (CHWs) into HIV care teams to improve care delivery systems. Various strategies have been used by different organizations to successfully integrate CHWs, including organizational-level adaptations, defining professional roles, and changing policies.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Alan N. Engelman, Peter Cherepanov
Summary: Recent high-resolution structures of HIV-1 intasomes and intasomes from a closely related strain of simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) have revealed the binding modes of several advanced INSTI compounds to the HIV/SIV integrase active site, critically informing the structural basis of drug resistance and providing important guidance for the continued development of this class of antiretroviral therapeutics.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Maartje Dijkstra, Henrieke Prins, Jan M. Prins, Peter Reiss, Charles Boucher, Annelies Verbon, Casper Rokx, Godelieve de Bree
Summary: The study focuses on individuals with early HIV infection who start combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) with the aim of investigating the size of the viral reservoir and HIV-specific immune responses in preparation for future HIV cure trials.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Diego M. Cabrera, Meibin Chen, Mijahil P. Cornejo, Yvett Pinedo, Patricia J. Garcia, Evelyn Hsieh
Summary: This study conducted a cross-sectional study at a large HIV clinic in Peru to explore the differences in health-related quality of life (HRQoL) between HIV-infected and uninfected women. The results showed that HIV-infected women scored lower in both physical and mental component scores, and important determinants for each component included CD4+ cell count and ethnicity.
Review
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Tetiana Glushko, Lulu He, William McNamee, Aparna S. Babu, Scott A. Simpson
Summary: This article reviews important imaging and clinical features to elucidate causes of lymphadenopathy in HIV-infected patients. Causes of HIV lymphadenopathy can be categorized as inflammatory or reactive, infectious, and neoplastic. Demographic characteristics, clinical presentations, CD4 lymphocyte counts, and radiologic features are important for identifying likely causes of lymphadenopathy.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF ROENTGENOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Sachiko Ozawa, Tatenda T. Yemeke, Daniel R. Evans, Sarah E. Pallas, Aaron S. Wallace, Bruce Y. Lee
Article
Immunology
Mohamed F. Jalloh, Aaron S. Wallace, Rebecca E. Bunnell, Rosalind J. Carter, John T. Redd, Sophia A. Nur, Zangin Zeebari, Anna Mia Ekstrom, Helena Nordenstedt
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Leora R. Feldstein, Roberta Sutton, Mohamed F. Jalloh, Lauren Parmley, Maria Lahuerta, Adewale Akinjeji, Anthony Mansaray, Oliver Eleeza, Tom Sesay, Shibani Kulkarni, Laura Conklin, Aaron S. Wallace
JOURNAL OF GLOBAL HEALTH
(2020)
Article
Immunology
Mohamed F. Jalloh, Apophia Namageyo-Funa, Brigette Gleason, Aaron S. Wallace, Michael Friedman, Tom Sesay, Dennis Ocansey, Mohamed S. Jalloh, Leora R. Feldstein, Laura Conklin, Sara Hersey, Tushar Singh, Reinhard Kaiser
Review
Immunology
Sachiko Ozawa, Tatenda T. Yemeke, Elizabeth Mitgang, Patrick T. Wedlock, Colleen Higgins, Hui -Han Chen, Sarah W. Pallas, Taiwo Abimbola, Aaron Wallace, Sarah M. Bartsch, Bruce Y. Lee
Summary: The study highlights the importance of understanding the economic costs associated with vaccinators reaching populations, especially those traditionally undervaccinated and hard-to-reach groups. Results show that training and labor costs are significant components of vaccination costs, with incremental costs for hard-to-reach populations being higher. Further research is needed to explore differential costs for vaccinators reaching different populations for better resource allocation and planning.
Review
Immunology
Tatenda T. Yemeke, Elizabeth Mitgang, Patrick T. Wedlock, Colleen Higgins, Hui-Han Chen, Sarah W. Pallas, Taiwo Abimbola, Aaron Wallace, Sarah M. Bartsch, Bruce Y. Lee, Sachiko Ozawa
Summary: Research has shown that social mobilization/IEC costs are well-documented, but there is limited evidence on the costs incurred by beneficiaries and caregivers in reaching vaccination sites.
Article
Immunology
Sarah N. Cox, Patrick T. Wedlock, Sarah W. Pallas, Elizabeth A. Mitgang, Tatenda T. Yemeke, Sarah M. Bartsch, Taiwo Abimbola, Sheryl S. Sigemund, Aaron Wallace, Sachiko Ozawa, Bruce Y. Lee
Summary: Understanding the economics of vaccination is crucial for developing effective immunization strategies with limited resources, especially for hard-to-reach populations. A systems map based on input from 24 global experts was developed to identify mechanisms unique to these populations. The map shows different mechanisms that determine vaccine uptake and the potential health and economic impacts, aiding decision-makers in targeting interventions and policies to improve vaccination coverage.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Atsuyoshi Ishizumi, Roberta Sutton, Anthony Mansaray, Lauren Parmley, Oliver Eleeza, Shibani Kulkarni, Tom Sesay, Laura Conklin, Aaron S. Wallace, Adewale Akinjeji, Mame Toure, Maria Lahuerta, Mohamed F. Jalloh
Summary: The qualitative content analysis identified four main themes: CHWs' work motivation, workload burden, health system and community level barriers, and strategies adopted by CHWs. The findings suggest that focused support is needed for CHWs, coupled with systems-level efforts to address structural barriers and optimize their work contributions.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Heidi M. Soeters, Reena H. Doshi, Monica Fleming, Oluwasegun Joel Adegoke, Uzoamaka Ajene, Brooke Noel Aksnes, Sarah Bennett, Erin F. Blau, Julie Garon Carlton, Sara Clements, Laura Conklin, Melissa Dahlke, Lindsey M. Duca, Leora R. Feldstein, Jane F. Gidudu, Gavin Grant, Margaret Hercules, Ledor S. Igboh, Atsuyoshi Ishizumi, Sara Jacenko, Yinka Kerr, Nuadum M. Konne, Shibani Kulkarni, Archana Kumar, Kathryn E. Lafond, Eugene Lam, Ashley T. Longley, Margaret McCarron, Apophia Namageyo-Funa, Nancy Ortiz, Jaymin C. Patel, Robert T. Perry, Dimitri Prybylski, Prianca Reddi, Omar Salman, Courtney N. Sciarratta, Talya Shragai, Akshita Siddula, Ester Sikare, Dieula Delissaint Tchoualeu, Denise Traicoff, Alexandra Tuttle, Kerton R. Victory, Aaron Wallace, Kirsten Ward, Man Kai Alyssa Wong, Weigong Zhou, W. William Schluter, David L. Fitter, Anthony Mounts, Joseph S. Bresee, Terri B. Hyde
Summary: CDC supports international partners in introducing COVID-19 vaccines and has established the CIVIE program to strengthen national capacities for COVID-19 vaccination programs. The program focuses on seven priority areas including vaccine policy, program planning, data management, etc., and draws applicable lessons from prior experiences.
EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Audrey Rachlin, M. Carolina Danovaro-Holliday, Padraic Murphy, Samir V. Sodha, Aaron S. Wallace
MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Shibani Kulkarni, Paul Sengeh, Victor Eboh, Mohammad B. Jalloh, Lansana Conteh, Tom Sesay, Ngobeh Ibrahim, Pa Ousman Manneh, Reinhard Kaiser, Yuka Jinnai, Aaron S. Wallace, Dimitri Prybylski, Mohamed F. Jalloh
Summary: The study found that in Sierra Leone, caregivers who received information from health facilities, religious leaders, and community health workers were more likely to vaccinate children with the penta-3 vaccine. Additionally, exposure to a greater number of information sources was associated with higher uptake of penta-3.
GLOBAL HEALTH-SCIENCE AND PRACTICE
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Mohamed F. Jalloh, Paul Sengeh, Ngobeh Ibrahim, Shibani Kulkarni, Tom Sesay, Victor Eboh, Mohammad B. Jalloh, Samuel Abu Pratt, Nance Webber, Harold Thomas, Reinhard Kaiser, Tushar Singh, Dimitri Prybylski, Saad B. Omer, Noel T. Brewer, Aaron S. Wallace
Summary: In four districts with low vaccination coverage in Sierra Leone, the level of community engagement is strongly associated with vaccination confidence among caregivers and vaccination uptake among children.
JOURNAL OF GLOBAL HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Mohamed F. Jalloh, Benjamin Hickler, Lauren E. Parmley, Roberta Sutton, Shibani Kulkarni, Anthony Mansaray, Oliver Eleeza, Palak Patel, Elisabeth Wilhelm, Laura Conklin, Adewale Akinjeji, Mame Toure, Brent Wolff, Dimitri Prybylski, Aaron S. Wallace, Maria Lahuerta
Summary: This paper discusses a novel framework developed to enhance vaccination uptake and provides practical guidance on understanding caregivers' lived experiences in accessing immunisation services for children. The framework draws from implementation experiences in Sierra Leone and aims to improve essential immunisation outcomes by focusing on the caregiver journey.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Pierre Muhoza, M. Carolina Danovaro-Holliday, Mamadou S. Diallo, Padraic Murphy, Samir Sodha, Jennifer H. Requejo, Aaron S. Wallace
MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Apophia Namageyo-Funa, Mohamed F. Jalloh, Brigette Gleason, Aaron S. Wallace, Michael Friedman, Tom Sesay, Dennis Ocansey, Mohamed S. Jalloh, Leora R. Feldstein, Laura Conklin, Sara Hersey, Tushar Singh, Reinhard Kaiser