Review
Immunology
Joseph Hokello, Adhikarimayum Lakhikumar Sharma, Mudit Tyagi
Summary: In 2020, there were 38 million global cases of HIV infection and 690,000 deaths related to AIDS. 12.6 million individuals living with HIV/AIDS did not have access to necessary treatment. Although HAART has improved life expectancy for those with HIV/AIDS, issues such as drug resistance and side effects remain. The urgent need for an affordable and effective HIV/AIDS vaccine is underscored by the ongoing high rate of new infections globally.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
William B. MacLeod, Jacob Bor, Sue Candy, Mhairi Maskew, Matthew P. Fox, Katia Bulekova, Alana T. Brennan, James Potter, Cornelius Nattey, Dorina Onoya, Koleka Mlisana, Wendy Stevens, Sergio Carmona
Summary: The NHLS National HIV Cohort collects laboratory data of almost all patients receiving HIV care in the public sector in South Africa since April 2004. Using an anonymised unique patient identifier, the cohort enables researchers to prospectively observe patients through their laboratory results as they receive HIV care and treatment.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Joshua R. Minot, Michael Arnold, Thayer Alshaabi, Christopher M. Danforth, Peter Sheridan Dodds
Summary: Over the past decade, there has been a significant increase in the use of social media by politicians, particularly evident in the case of Donald Trump. The balance of activities on Twitter has shifted during the transition from campaigning to governing, with Trump's tweets often sparking controversy. Results indicate that Obama consistently received a higher retweet-to-reply ratio than Trump, suggesting differences in engagement levels between the two presidents.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Andrew Katende, Lydia Nakiyingi, Irene Andia-Biraro, Thomas Katairo, Richard Muhumuza, Andrew S. Ssemata, Christopher Nsereko, Fred C. Semitala, David B. Meya
Summary: This study investigated the proportion of hospitalized patients in Uganda who initiated ART during hospitalization and identified potential barriers. The results showed that only half of newly diagnosed HIV patients in the high prevalence setting were initiated on ART during hospitalization. Inadequate patient preparation and advanced HIV disease were identified as barriers to rapid ART initiation.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Mazvita Muchengeti, Lina Bartels, Victor Olago, Tafadzwa Dhokotera, Wenlong Carl Chen, Adrian Spoerri, Eliane Rohner, Lukas Butikofer, Yann Ruffieux, Elvira Singh, Matthias Egger, Julia Bohlius
Summary: The South African HIV Cancer Match (SAM) Study is a national cohort of people living with HIV, aiming to assess the spectrum and risk of cancer in PLWH to inform cancer prevention and control programmes in South Africa. The study includes over 5 million PLWH for the period 2004 to 2014, with a focus on enriching the research through record linkages with other laboratory data and socio-economic data to comprehensively study comorbidities among PLWH.
Review
Virology
Josh G. Kim, Liang Shan
Summary: HIV-1 protease plays a critical role in the maturation of viral particles and can also cleave host cell proteins. The interaction between HIV-1 protease and CARD8 inflammasome is of particular interest, as recent studies have shown that CARD8 can sense the activity of HIV-1 protease and induce cell death. Premature activation of HIV-1 protease may be used as a strategy to target CARD8-mediated cell killing and eliminate latent reservoirs in people living with HIV.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Joan Rugemalila, Doreen Kamori, Werner Maokola, Mucho Mizinduko, Godfrey Barabona, Salim Masoud, Linda B. Mlunde, Ritah Francis Mutagonda, George Ruhago, Jeremiah Mushi, Veryeh Sambu, Takamasa Ueno, Beatrice Mutayoba, Prosper Njau, Tumaini Nagu, Said Aboud, Bruno F. Sunguya
Summary: Tanzania is making efforts to scale-up antiretroviral therapy, but the challenge of drug resistance among people living with HIV remains. This national survey aims to assess viral suppression rates and acquired drug resistance among PLHIV, with data analysis using STATA V.15 for dissemination through various channels.
Article
Virology
Hui Li, Shuyi Wang, Fang-Hua Lee, Ryan S. Roark, Alex Murphy, Jessica Smith, Chengyan Zhao, Juliette Rando, Neha Chohan, Yu Ding, Eunlim Kim, Emily Lindemuth, Katharine J. Bar, Ivona Pandrea, Cristian Apetrei, Brandon F. Keele, Jeffrey D. Lifson, Mark G. Lewis, Thomas N. Denny, Barton F. Haynes, Beatrice H. Hahn, George M. Shaw
Summary: The study demonstrates the successful construction of SHIVs with bulky aromatic substitutions at residue 375, allowing efficient replication in rhesus macaques and effective transmission across rectal, vaginal, penile, oral, or intravenous routes. These SHIVs can serve as a model for HIV-1 infection studies in preclinical monkey trials.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Chee Wen Eng, Sovannary Tuot, Navy Chann, Pheak Chhoun, Phalkun Mun, Siyan Yi
Summary: The study found that more than 70% of PWUD in Cambodia have received HIV testing in their lifetime, but recent HIV testing rate was only 42.9%. Factors associated with recent HIV testing included gender, history of drug rehabilitation, use of HIV services, recent HIV education, and self-perception of higher HIV risk.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Magdalena Barr-DiChiara, Mandikudza Tembo, Lisa Harrison, Caitlin Quinn, Wole Ameyan, Keith Sabin, Bhavin Jani, Muhammad S. Jamil, Rachel Baggaley, Cheryl Johnson
Summary: In sub-Saharan Africa, many countries have revised their policies regarding age of consent for HIV testing services, but a significant number still do not specify age of consent. Priority should be given to revise consent to HIV testing policies, particularly in the Western and Central Africa region, to achieve the 2025 goal of 95% of people with HIV knowing their status.
Article
Immunology
Seth H. Pincus, Ryan B. Craig, Lauren Weachter, Celia C. LaBranche, Rafiq Nabi, Connie Watt, Mark Raymond, Tami Peters, Kejing Song, Grace A. Maresh, David C. Montefiori, Pamela A. Kozlowski
Summary: Research has shown that bispecific immunoadhesins binding to HIV envelope glycoproteins exhibit potent neutralization activity and deliver cytotoxic effects.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Qiyu Zhu, Chunnong JiKe, Chengdong Xu, Shu Liang, Gang Yu, Ju Wang, Lin Xiao, Ping Liu, Meibin Chen, Peng Guan, Zhongfu Liu, Cong Jin
Summary: This study compared the geographic distribution of recent and long-term HIV infection cases using data from a whole-population physical examination in four key counties in China. The results showed that some areas had more recently infected HIV cases. Quantitative analysis revealed twenty-three townships with an increase in the number of recent infections, which can be used to accurately identify hot-spot areas for targeted interventions.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Rita O. Oladele, Iriagbonse I. Osaigbovo, Alani S. Akanmu, Olukemi A. Adekanmbi, Bassey E. Ekeng, Yahaya Mohammed, Mary A. Alex-Wele, Mark O. Okolo, Stephen T. Ayanbeku, Uchechukwu S. Unigwe, Iorhen E. Akase, Alali Dan-Jumbo, Dennis Israelski, David W. Denning, Alessandro C. Pasqualotto, Tom Chiller
Summary: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of disseminated histoplasmosis among advanced HIV patients in Nigeria. By testing Histoplasma antigen in urine samples, it was found that 7.7% of the participants were antigen-positive. Antigen-positive patients had lower CD4 counts and some were co-infected with tuberculosis. The study suggests that Histoplasma antigen testing should be included in the care package for advanced HIV disease.
EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Sileshi Lulseged, Zenebe Melaku, Abebe Habteselassie, Christine A. West, Terefe Gelibo, Wudinesh Belete, Fana Tefera, Mansoor Farahani, Minilik Demissie, Wondimu Teferi, Saro Abdella, Sehin Birhanu, Christine E. Ross
Summary: This study reveals that Ethiopia has made progress towards achieving the UNAIDS 90-90-90 targets, but there are still knowledge gaps among certain population groups, particularly males, youth, and those with low education.
Article
Political Science
Michael Tesler
Summary: This article argues that the association between Islamophobia and opposition to President Obama played a significant role in shaping Americans' partisan preferences, with attitudes towards Muslims becoming an independent predictor. Analysis from cross-sectional data, panel surveys, and a survey experiment showed that attitudes towards Muslims had a stronger impact on voter preferences during Obama's presidency than before, particularly in relation to Republican congressional candidates. These results have implications for American politics in the Trump era.
POLITICAL RESEARCH QUARTERLY
(2022)
Letter
Medicine, General & Internal
Andrew Kolodny, Thomas R. Frieden
JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION
(2018)
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Marc G. Jaffe, Thomas R. Frieden, Norman R. C. Campbell, Kunihiro Matsushita, Lawrence J. Appel, Daniel T. Lackland, Xin Hua Zhang, Arumugam Muruganathan, Paul K. Whelton
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL HYPERTENSION
(2018)
Editorial Material
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Thomas R. Frieden, Marc G. Jaffe
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL HYPERTENSION
(2018)
Editorial Material
Medicine, General & Internal
Thomas R. Frieden, Michael R. Bloomberg
Editorial Material
Medicine, General & Internal
Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, Thomas R. Frieden
Editorial Material
Medicine, General & Internal
Sania Nishtar, Sauli Niinisto, Maithripala Sirisena, Tabare Vazquez, Veronika Skvortsova, Adolfo Rubinstein, Festus Gontebanye Mogae, Pirkko Mattila, Sewed Hassan Ghazizadeh Hashemi, Sicily Kariuki, Jose Narro Robles, Isaac F. Adewole, Adboulaye Diouf Sarr, Gan Kim Yong, Saia Ma'u Piukala, Abdul Rahman Bin Mohammed Al Owais, Eric Hargan, Sir George Alleyne, Ala Alwan, Arnaud Bernaert, Michael Bloomberg, Katie Dain, Tom Frieden, Vikram Harshad Patel, Annette Kennedy, Ilona Kickbusch
Letter
Medicine, General & Internal
Sandeep P. Kishore, Abdul Salam, Anthony Rodgers, Marc G. Jaffe, Tom Frieden
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Vasilis Kontis, Laura K. Cobb, Cohn D. Mathers, Thomas R. Frieden, Majid Ezzati, Goodarz Danaei
Letter
Medicine, General & Internal
Ivor J. Benjamin, Reinhold Kreutz, Michael H. Olsen, Aletta E. Schutte, Patricio Lopez-Jaramillo, Thomas R. Frieden, Karen Sliwa, Daniel T. Lackland, Michael Brainin
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Thomas R. Frieden, Cherian V. Varghese, Sandeep P. Kishore, Norman R. C. Campbell, Andrew E. Moran, Raj Padwal, Marc G. Jaffe
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL HYPERTENSION
(2019)
Editorial Material
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Samuel W. Dooley, Thomas R. Frieden
INFECTION CONTROL AND HOSPITAL EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Laura K. Cobb, Thomas R. Frieden, Lawrence J. Appel
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL HYPERTENSION
(2020)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Nicole Ide, Adefunke Ajenikoko, Lindsay Steele, Jennifer Cohn, Christine J. Curtis, Thomas R. Frieden, Laura K. Cobb
Editorial Material
Medicine, General & Internal
Thomas R. Frieden, Shama Cash-Goldwasser
ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Editorial Material
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Thomas R. Frieden, Marine Buissonniere, Amanda McClelland
