Journal
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY
Volume 28, Issue -, Pages 193S-204SPublisher
SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC
DOI: 10.1177/1091581809354649
Keywords
cosmetics; safety; basic violet 1; basic violet 3; basic violet 4
Categories
Funding
- Personal Care Products Council
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Basic Violet 3, Basic Violet 1, and Basic Violet 4 are triphenylmethane dyes that function as direct (non oxidative) hair colorants. No current uses or use concentrations in cosmetics are reported. The term Gentian Violet is used synonymously with Basic Violet 1 and Basic Violet 3, although the chemical structures of these 2 dyes are not the same. The Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel noted that Basic Violet 1, 3, and 4 contain quaternary ammonium ions, and therefore the rate of penetration across the epidermis is expected to be slow. The panel concluded that because of the carcinogenic potential of these dyes, insufficient data exist to support the safety of Basic Violet 1, 3, and 4 in cosmetic formulation. Dermal absorption data and a risk assessment are needed to complete this safety assessment.
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