Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Thomas Cucchi, Auriale Domont, Hugo Harbers, Charlotte Leduc, Aurelie Guidez, Anne Bridault, Hitomi Hongo, Max Price, Joris Peters, Francois Briois, Jean Guilaine, Jean-Denis Vigne
Summary: Research suggests that early settlers in Cyprus introduced wild boars from a specific sub-species originating in the Northern Levant, leading to the formation of a unique insular sub-species. This indicates that Cyprus may have been integrated into the core region of animal domestication.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Biology
Ai-Yun Lee, Chia-Hsuan Chen, Jong-Shian Liou, Yu-Chun Lin, Moriyuki Hamada, Yu-Ting Wang, Lin-Liang Peng, Shen-Chang Chang, Chih-Chieh Chen, Chuen-Fu Lin, Lina Huang, Chien-Hsun Huang
Summary: A new species of Micrococcus, named Micrococcus porci, was isolated from the fecal samples of a black pig. It exhibits spherical, non-motile, and non-spore-forming cells.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Diego Rodrigo Torres Severo, Rafael Andre Werlang, Ana Paula Mori, Kelen Regina Ascoli Baldi, Ricardo Evandro Mendes, Soraya Regina Sacco Surian, Arlei Coldebella, Beatris Kramer, Iara Maria Trevisol, Teane Milagres Augusto Gomes, Virginia Santiago Silva
Summary: Wild boars hunted in Santa Catarina, Brazil, were found to carry various pathogens, including PCV2, Leptospira, and Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, indicating their potential role in pathogen transmission. Although important notifiable diseases like CSFV were not detected, the presence of antibodies against commercial production-affecting pathogens such as PCV2 and M. hyopneumoniae suggests circulation of these agents among wild populations.
TRANSBOUNDARY AND EMERGING DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Agronomy
John C. Kilgo, Mark Vukovich, Kyle J. Cox, Michael Larsen, Thomas T. Mims, James E. Garabedian
Summary: This study compared the effectiveness of traditional trapping methods and whole-sounder removal strategies in reducing the population of wild pigs. The results showed that whole-sounder removal was more effective at reducing pig density. However, this method requires more time and expense for implementation.
PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Ecology
Carolina Baruzzi, Nathan P. Snow, Kurt C. Vercauteren, Bronson K. Strickland, Jacques S. Arnoult, Justin W. Fischer, Michael P. Glow, Michael J. Lavelle, Benjamin A. Smith, Daryl Steakley, Marcus A. Lashley
Summary: Wild pigs are invasive species globally and have negative impacts on biodiversity and economies in their non-native habitats. Accurately predicting their body mass is important for eradication efforts. This study assessed the relationship between morphometric measurements and body mass of wild pigs, and developed equations to predict body mass using easily measured metrics. The equations were validated across different regions and could accurately infer wild pig body mass.
ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Michaela Masilkova, Milos Jezek, Vaclav Silovsky, Monika Faltusova, Jan Rohla, Tomas Kusta, Hynek Burda
Summary: The study reveals that wild boars exhibit prosocial behavior and are capable of helping others, potentially influenced by factors such as empathy, learning, and social facilitation.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Piotr Kaczynski, Bozena Lozowicka, Maciej Perkowski, Izabela Hrynko, Wojciech Zon
Summary: The study investigated the concentrations of neonicotinoids in wild boars from hunting areas in north-eastern Poland and assessed the risk to consumers. The findings showed a high presence of neonicotinoids in samples, but the chronic and acute risk to consumers was very low.
Article
Forestry
Natalia Pitta-Osses, Csaba Centeri, Adam Feher, Krisztian Katona
Summary: This study found that steep areas without sedimentation were preferred by wild boars for rooting activities. The impact of sedimentation processes on soil chemistry and layer composition was found to be greater than that of wild boar rooting. Mitigation of soil degradation may be more effective by reducing adverse abiotic processes rather than controlling the wild boar population.
Article
Microbiology
Igor Gruntar, Rok Kostanjsek, Tina Pirs, Bojan Papic
Summary: In this study, seven Helicobacter-like strains were isolated from the cecal contents of domestic pigs. Based on morphological, biochemical, and genomic analysis, these strains were identified as a new species of Helicobacter, named Helicobacter colisuis sp. nov.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATIC AND EVOLUTIONARY MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Reproductive Biology
F. Hassan, W. Holtz
Summary: Through a study involving radioactively labeled thymidine infusion in 48 sexually rested young adult boars, it was discovered that labeled sperm first appeared in the proximal caput after 28 days, then reached the distal caput after 2 days, with the majority found in the corpus after another 2 days. Progress was halted at the transition of corpus and cauda on Day 11, but resumed on Day 12 and by Day 13 sperm had exited the epididymis via the ductus deferens.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Katelyn M. Haydett, Steven T. Peper, Cynthia Reinoso Webb, Hannah S. Tiffin, Alexander N. Wilson-Fallon, Yava L. Jones-Hall, Stephen L. Webb, Steven M. Presley
Summary: The study assessed the potential role of wild pigs in transmitting Neospora caninum, highlighting the need for more reliable testing methods due to inconsistencies in results from different assays. Despite previous documentation of N. caninum seroprevalence in wild pigs, the study found variable results and emphasized the importance of standardized methodology for assessing disease prevalence in wildlife populations.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Magdalena Niedzialkowska, Ewa Tarnowska, Joanna Ligmanowska, Bogumila Jedrzejewska, Tomasz Podgorski, Anna Radziszewska, Iwona Ratajczyk, Szilvia Kusza, Aleksei N. Bunevich, Gabriel Danila, Maryna Shkvyria, Tomasz Grzybowski, Marcin Wozniak
Summary: The study of genetic diversity and structure of wild boar populations in Central and Eastern Europe revealed five distinct phylogenetic clades with different contributions from various regions.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Rie Saito, Natsuko Ito Kondo, Yui Nemoto, Reiko Kumada, Nobuyoshi Nakajima, Masanori Tamaoki
Summary: After the Fukushima nuclear incident, the number of wild boars in the DRZ area increased significantly, raising concerns about the spread of highly contaminated boars to other areas. This study used MIG-seq analysis to uncover the dispersal and gene flow of wild boar population in Fukushima and found significant genetic differences between the eastern and western groups, divided by the Abukuma River. The study suggests that the river and urbanization along it may affect the migration of wild boars.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Xiana Gonzalez-Gomez, Noelia Cambeiro-Perez, Maria Figueiredo-Gonzalez, Elena Martinez-Carballo
Summary: The study assessed the exposure and bioaccumulation of organic pollutants in wild boars using liver and hair samples, finding distribution patterns of different pollutants in the samples. Significant correlations between concentrations of various organic pollutants and socio-demographic characteristics were observed. The data showed complementary information provided by both biological samples.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Ferran Jori, G. Petit, N. Civil, A. Decors, F. Charrier, F. Casabianca, V Grosbois
Summary: Outdoor pig farming is becoming popular in the European Union, leading to increased interactions between domestic and wild pigs. In the Southern French region of Ardeche, outbreaks of disease causing high mortality in wild boar populations due to infection with certain strains of E. coli were reported. Factors such as forested vegetation, high wild boar density, weak farm biosecurity, and interactions between wild and domestic pigs were found to facilitate the transmission of pathogens. Further studies are recommended to prepare for the emergence of shared swine pathogens in rural areas of the European Union.
TRANSBOUNDARY AND EMERGING DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Aline Fernandes de Oliveira, Milan Svoboda, Oldrich Benada, Jan Kratzer
Summary: A fast and simple preconcentration step was developed for ultratrace arsenic determination using a quartz modular trap-and-atomizer device. Gold nanoparticles were found to be the most effective preconcentration surface, achieving 90% efficiency under optimized conditions. The method was successfully validated for arsenic determination in various reference materials.
JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL ATOMIC SPECTROMETRY
(2022)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Eva Popelarova, Eva Vlkova, Roman Svejstil, Lenka Kourimska
Summary: The study evaluated the effect of microwave irradiation on mould occurrence in nuts and almonds, finding significant reductions in mould colony counts with 3000 and 4000 W treatments. The strongest effect was observed in in-shell peanuts, indicating microwave irradiation as a promising method for maintaining the microbiological quality of nuts.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Evelina Gablech, Zdenka Fohlerova, Karel Svec, Frantisek Zales, Oldrich Benada, Olga Kofronova, Jana Pekarkova, Ondrej Caha, Imrich Gablech, Jiri Gabriel, Jana Drbohlavova
Summary: The study prepared PVP-Se NPs through wet chemical reduction and characterized their physical and chemical properties using various analytical methods, while also evaluating their toxicological properties. In antifungal experiments, the combination of PVP-Se NPs with a commercial fungicide showed better results than using either alone, demonstrating their synergistic effect and inhibitory effect on fungal growth.
INTERNATIONAL BIODETERIORATION & BIODEGRADATION
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Igor Splichal, Sharon M. Donovan, Zdislava Kindlova, Zbynek Stranak, Vera Neuzil Bunesova, Marek Sinkora, Katerina Polakova, Barbora Valaskova, Alla Splichalova
Summary: Gnotobiotic animals with defined microbiota were used to study host-microbiota and microbiota-microbiota interferences. Preterm germ-free piglets were mono-associated with probiotic Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis BB-12 (BB12) to prevent the consequences of Salmonella Typhimurium infection. BB12 partially ameliorated the inflammatory response to LT2 infection by preserving goblet cell density in the colon and decreasing the expression of inflammatory markers in the jejunum, ileum, colon, and plasma.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Andi Alijagic, Nikolai Scherbak, Oleksandr Kotlyar, Patrik Karlsson, Xuying Wang, Inger Odnevall, Oldrich Benada, Ali Amiryousefi, Lena Andersson, Alexander Persson, Jenny Felth, Henrik Andersson, Maria Larsson, Alexander Hedbrant, Samira Salihovic, Tuulia Hyoetylaeinen, Dirk Repsilber, Eva Saerndahl, Magnus Engwall
Summary: The physicochemical characterization of AMPs revealed their complexity in size, shape, and chemistry. The AMPs exhibited concentration-dependent effects on the cytoskeleton, mitochondria, and cell membranes. Metabolomics and lipidomics analysis provided insight into the inflammation-related metabolites and extensive membrane remodeling induced by AMPs. Overall, AMP exposure resulted in internalization, oxidative stress, cytoskeleton disruption, mitochondrial activation, membrane remodeling, and metabolic reprogramming of lung epithelial cells and macrophages. Integrating Cell Painting with metabolomics and lipidomics offers an advanced nanosafety methodology to capture cellular and molecular phenotypes and understand the biological mechanisms of (nano)particle exposure.
Article
Microbiology
Jan Bavlovic, Ivona Pavkova, Lucie Balonova, Oldrich Benada, Jiri Stulik, Jana Klimentova
Summary: Francisella tularensis is a highly infectious bacterium that causes tularemia. Bacterial outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) of Francisella play a role in host-pathogen interactions and have potential use in a subunit vaccine. This study focused on the secretion of OMVs in O-antigen mutant strains and found that the presence of LPS and the O-antigen capsule is critical for the virulence and tubular shape of OMVs.
MICROBIOLOGICAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Marie Makovska, Jiri Killer, Nikol Modrackova, Eugenio Ingribelli, Ahmad Amin, Eva Vlkova, Petra Bolechova, Vera Neuzil-Bunesova
Summary: This study found that Sarcina spp. is common in the gut microbiota of various mammals, even in animals without health problems. Genotyping analysis also revealed the diversity of Sarcina isolates and the potential presence of two new taxonomic units from dog and elephant hosts.
Article
Microbiology
Kristyna Horvathova, Nikol Modrackova, Igor Splichal, Alla Splichalova, Ahmad Amin, Eugenio Ingribelli, Jiri Killer, Ivo Doskocil, Radko Pechar, Tereza Kodesova, Eva Vlkova
Summary: The aim of this study was to develop a defined pig microbiota (DPM) with the potential ability to protect piglets against Salmonella infection. A total of 284 bacterial strains were isolated and identified. After selecting for specific characteristics, a combination of 9 strains was chosen and found to be safe and stable. Further experiments with Salmonella-infected piglets are needed to test the protective effect of the developed DPM.
Article
Oncology
Vera Chvalova, Vignesh Venkadasubramanian, Zuzana Klimova, Jana Vojtova, Oldrich Benada, Ondrej Vanatko, Tomas Vomastek, Tomas Grousl
Summary: This study used CRISPR/Cas9 and siRNA to decrease the expression of RACK1 in MDCK epithelial cells and Rat2 fibroblasts. The depletion of RACK1 resulted in decreased cell proliferation, increased cell area and perimeter, and the appearance of large binucleated cells, indicating a defect in cell cycle progression. These findings demonstrate the essential role of RACK1 in both epithelial and mesenchymal cell lines.
EXPERIMENTAL CELL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Tereza Jurikova, Hynek Macha, Vanda Lupjanova, Tomas Pluhacek, Helena Maresova, Barbora Papouskova, Dominika Luptakova, Rutuja H. Patil, Oldrich Benada, Michal Grulich, Andrea Palyzova
Summary: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a significant pathogen in hospital-acquired infections, often collaborating with the opportunistic fungal pathogen Aspergillus fumigatus in respiratory infections. This study identifies a potential new biomarker, QS molecule portfolio, which affects virulence factor secretion and biofilm formation in P. aeruginosa. The study also demonstrates changes in QS molecule levels during the transition from planktonic to sessile cells and in co-cultures with A. fumigatus.
Article
Microbiology
Alla Splichalova, Zdislava Kindlova, Jiri Killer, Vera Neuzil Bunesova, Eva Vlkova, Barbora Valaskova, Radko Pechar, Katerina Polakova, Igor Splichal
Summary: In this study, the host-pathogen interactions were investigated using the GN animal model. The results showed that previous association with RP37 alleviated intestinal damage caused by Salmonella infection, and RP37 and LA downregulated the inflammatory response.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Jiri Killer, Vera Neuzil Bunesova, Nikol Modrackova, Eva Vlkova, Radko Pechar, Igor Splichal
Summary: This study explores the cryoprotective effect of lactulose and lecithin in combination on the main representatives of probiotics. The results show that this combination has a comparable effect to the positive control in preserving bifidobacteria and Lactobacillaceae strains, with potential implications for long-term preservation and development of new forms of (nutri)synbiotics.
LETTERS IN APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Textiles
Michal Syrovy, Pavla Capkova, Petr Rysanek, Oldrich Benada, Monika Vostinakova
Summary: The manufacturing of membranes for CO2 capture is an important research topic. This study aims to achieve maximum CO2 sorption capacity while maintaining air permeability with minimal technological steps. Electrospun nanofibrous membranes PAN/TETA and PAN/TEPA were prepared using one-step technology and two different spinning conditions - needle spinning and wire spinning. The best result was obtained for wire spinning PAN_TEPA_2% with a CO2 sorption capacity of 11.7 +/- 1.3 cm(3)/g and air permeability of 53 +/- 5 L/m(2)/s, providing potential for practical use.
JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL TEXTILES
(2023)
