Journal
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT AND WORLD ECOLOGY
Volume 16, Issue 1, Pages 22-29Publisher
TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
DOI: 10.1080/13504500902753246
Keywords
agrobiodiversity; shifting cultivation; land-use strategy; smallholder livelihoods; smallholder rubber plantation; rubber price fluctuations; Xishuangbanna
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Funding
- United Nations University Project on People, Land Management and Environmental Change
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Crop inventory, botanical surveys, and questionnaire investigations of 60% of households in Daka from 1998 to 2004 (a Ham nationality village in the mountainous region of Xishuangbanna) were undertaken. We focused on virtual extinction of agrobiodiversity in smallholder rubber plantations, which have improved smallholder livelihoods but have affected land-use strategies. Income per capita has increased from US$128.3 in 1998 to US$561.7 in 2004 because of an increase of income from rubber from US$75.8 in 1998 to US$451.4 in 2004. The number of cultivated upland rice varieties decreased from seven in 2001 to one in 2004 because of a sharp increase in rubber price after 2002. Rubber plantations increased from 17.7 ha in 1998 to 82.2 ha in 2004, while swidden fields decreased from 20.4 ha in 1998 to 12.7 ha in 2004. It appears that traditional upland rice production and number of varieties is being seriously eroded by encroachment from rubber plantation. Stabilization of agrobiodiversity loss is necessity while still improving the rural economy.
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