Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Delia Bogdanet, Catriona Reddin, Dearbhla Murphy, Helen C. Doheny, Jose A. Halperin, Fidelma Dunne, Paula M. O'Shea
Summary: This scoping review highlighted emerging protein biomarkers for GDM diagnosis, aiming to replace the lengthy and inconvenient OGTT. 15 protein biomarkers meeting specific criteria were identified, indicating the potential for improved GDM screening protocols in the future.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Lingfei Li, Xiaoli Si, Jie Ruan, Zhumei Ni, Xiaoqin Li, Hongfei Sang, Wenqing Xia, Jinyu Huang, Keqin Liu, Shan Lu, Lin Jiang, Anwen Shao, Congguo Yin
Summary: ICAS-stroke patients showed significant differential expression of circRNAs compared to normal controls, with hsa_circ_0003574 being significantly upregulated and potentially serving as a novel biomarker and therapeutic target. Laboratory results indicated elevated levels of homocysteine and glycosylated hemoglobin in ICAS-stroke patients, which requires further investigation in relation to hsa_circRNA_0003574.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Juan Marta-Enguita, Manuel Navarro-Oviedo, Idoia Rubio-Baines, Nuria Aymerich, Maria Herrera, Beatriz Zandio, Sergio Mayor, Jose-Antonio Rodriguez, Jose-Antonio Paramo, Estefania Toledo, Maite Mendioroz, Roberto Munoz, Josune Orbe
Summary: Plasma calprotectin is an independent predictor of 3-month mortality after AIS and provides complementary prognostic information. The presence of S100A9 in stroke thrombi suggests an inflammatory mechanism in clot formation, with higher levels correlating with poorer outcomes. Further studies are needed to determine the influence of S100A9 in resistance to reperfusion.
JOURNAL OF NEUROINFLAMMATION
(2021)
Article
Medical Laboratory Technology
Olli S. Mattila, Nicholas J. Ashton, Kaj Blennow, Henrik Zetterberg, Heini Harve-Rytsala, Saana Pihlasviita, Juhani Ritvonen, Gerli Sibolt, Tiina Nukarinen, Sami Curtze, Daniel Strbian, Mikko Pystynen, Turgut Tatlisumak, Markku Kuisma, Perttu J. Lindsberg
Summary: This study demonstrates the potential of plasma GFAP and total tau measurements in aiding the differentiation of acute cerebral ischemia and hemorrhagic stroke in the prehospital setting. Monitoring the GFAP release rate can improve early subtype differentiation in stroke patients, particularly in ruling out hemorrhagic stroke.
CLINICAL CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Iqram Hussain, Se-Jin Park
Summary: EMG was used to evaluate the muscular activity of stroke patients and healthy adults, showing significant differences in various EMG parameters between the two groups. The neural network model demonstrated the highest classification performance, aiding in understanding stroke-induced gait changes and determining post-stroke rehabilitation strategies.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Ying Bai, Hui Ren, Yi Zhu, Xufeng Chen, Li Yang, Jiangyan Xia, Guofang Shu, Bing Han
Summary: This study found that circular RNA circDLGAP4 is significantly decreased in the plasma of patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS), and its level is associated with smoking history and previous transient ischemic attack/stroke/myocardial infarction. CircDLGAP4 has high sensitivity and specificity in diagnosing AIS. Furthermore, the change rate of circDLGAP4 can predict stroke outcomes.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Saiyet de la C. Baez, Diana Garcia del Barco, Anette Hardy-Sosa, Gerardo Guillen Nieto, Maria Luisa Bringas-Vega, Jorge J. Llibre-Guerra, Pedro Valdes-Sosa
Summary: The systematic review highlights the potential of utilizing blood-based panels of protein biomarkers to enhance the diagnosis of stroke. Brain-specific markers such as NR2 peptide and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) are shown to be related to stroke. Further research is needed to validate and introduce these novel biomarker combinations for more effective stroke diagnosis and prevention.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Alexander P. Benz, Ziad Hijazi, Johan Lindback, Stuart J. Connolly, John W. Eikelboom, Jonas Oldgren, Agneta Siegbahn, Lars Wallentin
Summary: The biomarker-based ABC-AF scores showed better discrimination than traditional risk scores in patients not receiving oral anticoagulation, and have been recalibrated for precise risk estimation.
Article
Immunology
Ping Yang, Xiaoshan Zhang, Shanshan Chen, Yue Tao, Mingzhe Ning, Yijia Zhu, Jun Liang, Wei Kong, Bo Shi, Zhiyang Li, Han Shen, Yanbo Wang
Summary: In this study, it was demonstrated for the first time that serum tsRNAs can be used as noninvasive biomarkers for efficient diagnosis and prediction of nephritis in SLE.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Shraddha Mainali, Marin E. Darsie, Keaton S. Smetana
Summary: The application of machine learning in medicine has advanced rapidly over the past decade, with commercially available algorithms already being used in clinical settings for rapid diagnoses in stroke cases. The development of deep learning techniques has greatly improved the accuracy of stroke diagnosis and outcome prediction, although challenges still remain due to the multitude of factors influencing stroke prognosis. Despite the potential of machine learning, there are limitations such as small sample sizes in studies, emphasizing the need for more data collection and evaluation to enhance the efficacy of these tools in stroke management.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Wentao Li, Chongyu Shao, Chang Li, Huifen Zhou, Li Yu, Jiehong Yang, Haitong Wan, Yu He
Summary: Metabolomics, as a growing field in systems biology, holds great promise in identifying biomarkers, understanding mechanisms, and monitoring therapeutic outcomes. This review discusses recent advances in metabolomics and its applications in ischemic stroke, as well as summarizing the developments in Chinese herbal formulations and single cell metabolomics.
JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL ANALYSIS
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Fani Pujol-Calderon, Henrik Zetterberg, Erik Portelius, Pia Lowhagen Henden, Alexandros Rentzos, Jan-Erik Karlsson, Kina Hoglund, Kaj Blennow, Lars E. Rosengren
Summary: Stroke is a serious public health problem that can lead to long-term disability or death. Endovascular embolectomy is a treatment option for severe strokes caused by large vessel occlusion. Studying biomarkers like tau, NFL, GFAp, and S100B post endovascular treatment can help predict neurological outcomes, infarct volume, and prognosis in stroke patients.
TRANSLATIONAL STROKE RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Xin Jiang, Richard Labaudiniere, Joel N. Buxbaum, Cecilia Monteiro, Marta Novais, Teresa Coelho, Jeffery W. Kelly
Summary: This study investigated the diagnosis and treatment methods for TTR amyloidoses, highlighting the use of NNTTR in diagnosing FAP and the significant reduction of NNTTR levels in patients receiving treatment, even in nonresponders. High levels of NNTTR were associated with poor clinical response to the treatment.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Medical Laboratory Technology
Mina Rahmati, Gordon A. Ferns, Naser Mobarra
Summary: The study found that miR-210 is a weak diagnostic marker for ischemic stroke (IS), while HIF-1 alpha serves as an acceptable diagnostic marker for IS patients. Higher expression of miR-210 and lower levels of HIF-1 alpha were associated with better survival outcomes in IS patients. Further studies in larger groups and longer follow-up are needed to confirm the diagnostic and prognostic potentiality of these biomarkers.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL LABORATORY ANALYSIS
(2021)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Liang Jiang, Chuanyang Zhang, Siyu Wang, Zhongping Ai, Tingwen Shen, Hong Zhang, Shaofeng Duan, Xindao Yin, Yu-Chen Chen
Summary: This study applied MRI radiomics features to predict edema after acute ischemic stroke. By extracting features from infarction and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and developing models with two different feature sets, the Bayesian model based on DWI + CSFFLAIR and the random forest model based on DWI + CSFDWI showed the best performance and stability.
FRONTIERS IN AGING NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Ali Z. Nomani, Jeremy L. Rempel, Khurshid A. Khan, Ashfaq Shuaib, Glen C. Jickling
Summary: This study evaluated the variable rate of infarct progression in acute ischemic stroke using different thresholds. It found that a substantial proportion of patients were excluded when assessed by various time or core constraints. However, the hypoperfusion index (HI) showed comprehensive evaluation of the fast and slow rate of infarct progression and provided indications for reperfusion and clinical outcomes assessment.
CANADIAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Surgery
Alison Halliday, Mary Sneade, Martin Bjorck, Sarah T. Pendlebury, Richard Bulbulia, Sarah Parish, Rebecca Llewellyn-Bennett, Holly Pan, William Whiteley, Hongchao Pan, Anders Gottsater
Summary: Carotid endarterectomy (CEA) does not seem to significantly reduce the long-term risk of dementia, but it also does not rule out the possibility of a potential benefit or risk of around 25%.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF VASCULAR AND ENDOVASCULAR SURGERY
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Jackie Bosch, Lesly A. Pearce, Mike Sharma, Robert Mikulik, William N. Whiteley, Michelle Canavan, Robert G. Hart, Martin J. O'Donnellg
Summary: The study aimed to validate the Standard Assessment of Global Everyday Activities (SAGEA), a patient-reported outcome for assessing activities important to patients in international clinical trials. The results showed that SAGEA identified cognitive functional deficits that were not captured by other commonly used assessments, making it a simple and globally applicable measure of cognitive and functional abilities.
JOURNAL OF STROKE & CEREBROVASCULAR DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Jackie Bosch, Lesly A. Pearce, Mukul Sharma, Michelle Canavan, William N. Whiteley, Robert Mikulik, Hardi Mundl, Salim Yusuf, Robert G. Hart, Martin J. O'Donnell
Summary: This study aimed to compare the effects of rivaroxaban and aspirin on functional and cognitive outcomes. The results showed that rivaroxaban was not associated with changes in functional or cognitive status in patients with recent embolic strokes of undetermined source (ESUS) compared to aspirin. The SAGEA scale detected changes in functional status associated with recurrent strokes.
JOURNAL OF STROKE & CEREBROVASCULAR DISEASES
(2022)
Editorial Material
Infectious Diseases
William Whiteley, Angela Wood
LANCET INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Anas Alrohimi, Glen Jickling, Brian Buck, Ken S. Butcher
Summary: Patients with atrial fibrillation and ischemic stroke are at high risk for stroke recurrence. Early anticoagulation may reduce the risk of recurrent events but is usually avoided due to the risk of hemorrhagic transformation. Direct oral anticoagulants have demonstrated lower risk of intracranial hemorrhage compared to older anticoagulants. However, the optimal timing of DOAC initiation after AF-related ischemic stroke is still unclear.
CANADIAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Hajar Amini, Bodie Knepp, Fernando Rodriguez, Glen C. Jickling, Heather Hull, Paulina Carmona-Mora, Cheryl Bushnell, Bradley P. Ander, Frank R. Sharp, Boryana Stamova
Summary: This study identified early immune gene responses in peripheral blood associated with 90-day ischemic stroke (IS) outcomes. Whole-transcriptome analyses revealed genes and networks associated with poor and good 90-day outcomes. The study suggests that the immune response after stroke may impact functional outcomes and some early post-stroke gene expression markers could be used for predicting outcomes and improving outcomes.
JOURNAL OF NEUROINFLAMMATION
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Raluca Todoran, Sarina R. Falcione, Michael Clarke, Twinkle Joy, Roobina Boghozian, Glen C. Jickling
Summary: microRNA (miRNA) regulates gene expression and has the potential to be used as a treatment for ischemic stroke. This review focuses on the role of miRNA in reducing thrombosis, blood brain barrier disruption, hemorrhagic transformation, inflammation, and angiogenesis. Although no miRNA has been approved for human use yet, clinical trials have shown promising results in treating conditions such as hepatitis C. The benefits, barriers, and future directions of using miRNA as a treatment for ischemic stroke are also discussed.
NEUROCHEMISTRY INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Paulina Carmona-Mora, Bodie Knepp, Glen C. Jickling, Xinhua Zhan, Marisa Hakoupian, Heather Hull, Noor Alomar, Hajar Amini, Frank R. Sharp, Boryana Stamova, Bradley P. Ander
Summary: After ischemic stroke, peripheral leukocytes infiltrate the damaged region and modulate the response to injury. Peripheral blood cells display distinctive gene expression signatures post-stroke, reflecting changes in immune responses to stroke. Analyzing the temporal dynamics of gene expression after stroke can improve our understanding of immune and clotting responses at the molecular and cellular level, and may assist with time-targeted, cell-specific therapy.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Anas Alrohimi, David Z. Rose, W. Scott Burgin, Swetha Renati, Nicholas Corbin Hilker, Wei Deng, Guilherme H. Oliveira, Theresa M. Beckie, Arthur J. Labovitz, Michael G. Fradley, Nhi Tran, Laura C. Gioia, Mahesh Kate, Kelvin Ng, Dar Dowlatshahi, Thalia S. Field, Shelagh B. Coutts, Muzzafar Siddiqui, Michael D. Hill, Jodi Miller, Glen Jickling, Ashfaq Shuaib, Brian Buck, Mike Sharma, Ken S. Butcher
Summary: This study aimed to assess the risk of hemorrhagic transformation (HT) in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) associated with the initiation of direct oral anticoagulant (DOAC). The results showed that initiating DOAC within 48 hours post-stroke was not associated with an increased risk of HT, and no patients developed symptomatic HT. However, early DOAC use was not significant in reducing the risk of recurrent ischemic events.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF STROKE
(2023)
Editorial Material
Clinical Neurology
Roobina Boghozian, Sarina Falcione, Glen C. Jickling
Meeting Abstract
Endocrinology & Metabolism
B. Knepp, M. Durocher, A. Yee, G. Jickling, H. Hull, N. Alomar, K. Ng, X. Zhan, P. Carmona-Mora, H. Amini, M. Hakoupian, B. Ander, F. Sharp, B. Stamova
JOURNAL OF CEREBRAL BLOOD FLOW AND METABOLISM
(2022)
Meeting Abstract
Endocrinology & Metabolism
M. Hakoupian, E. Ferino, H. Amini, B. Stamova, H. Hull, P. Carmona-Mora, B. Ander, B. Knepp, N. Alomar, G. Jickling, F. Sharp, X. Zhan
JOURNAL OF CEREBRAL BLOOD FLOW AND METABOLISM
(2022)
Meeting Abstract
Endocrinology & Metabolism
P. Carmona-Mora, B. Knepp, G. Jickling, X. Zhan, M. Hakoupian, H. Hull, N. Alomar, H. Amini, F. Sharp, B. Stamova, B. Ander
JOURNAL OF CEREBRAL BLOOD FLOW AND METABOLISM
(2022)
Letter
Medicine, General & Internal
Joseph Kamtchum-Tatuene, Glen C. Jickling
