Article
Plant Sciences
Patricia Lu-Irving, Jason G. Bragg, Maurizio Rossetto, Kit King, Mitchell O'Brien, Marlien M. van der Merwe
Summary: Plant mating systems have an impact on the distribution of genetic diversity and the long-term success of populations. In this study, the relationship between genetic diversity and mating systems in two species of Hakea was investigated. The results showed contrasting patterns of genetic diversity between the two species, consistent with their differences in mating systems. The findings suggest that seed collection schemes aiming to maximize genetic diversity should consider the specific mating system of the target species.
Article
Fisheries
J. Barros, F. M. Winkler, L. A. Velasco
Summary: Inbreeding can cause bias in estimating quantitative genetic parameters, affecting the selection response in species with both hermaphroditism and self-fertilization. This study assessed the biases caused by self-fertilization on heritability estimates for productive traits in the tropical hermaphrodite pectinid Argopecten nucleus. The study found that self-fertilization resulted in inbreeding depression and an overestimation of h2 for productive traits, but did not affect estimates of genetic correlations or genotype-environment interactions.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Jose Marcelo Soriano Viana, Antonio Augusto Franco Garcia
Summary: Additive variance is generally the most important component of genotypic variance. LD and inbreeding have a significant effect on the magnitude of the genetic variances and covariances. In general, the additive x additive variance is the most important component of epistatic variance.
Article
Plant Sciences
Molly E. Dieterich Mabin, Johanne Brunet, Heathcliffe Riday, Lauren Lehmann
Summary: Selfing in alfalfa can lead to decreased seed yield, but in fields with higher selfing rates, there was no reduction in seed yield, rather an increase was observed. Pollinator-mediated selfing is the main cause of selfing in alfalfa, and eliminating selfing would require the selection of self-incompatible varieties.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Vania Jimenez-Lobato, Juan Nunez-Farfan
Summary: This study investigated the genetic and phenotypic differences between two populations of the annual insect-pollinated plant Datura inoxia in Mexico. The results showed significant variations in outcrossing and selfing rates between the two populations, with Mapimi population favoring outcrossing and Canada Moreno population favoring selfing. Additionally, the study found a relationship between inbreeding depression and primary selfing rate in the Canada Moreno population.
Article
Horticulture
Qin-Ling Liu, Xiao-Xiang Li, Yi-Han Xu, Liu-Bin Wang, Kai-Ling Chang, Yang Yang, Qian Tang, Li-Qiang Tan
Summary: The study found a strong inbreeding depression of fitness traits in the first selfing generation of the purple tea cultivar 'Ziyan', while the impacts on secondary metabolites were not consistent, with a possible homozygous lethal allele found on LG03. These findings have useful implications for inbred line-based breeding and research in tea plants.
SCIENTIA HORTICULTURAE
(2021)
Review
Genetics & Heredity
Lidan Sun, Jingwen Gan, Libo Jiang, Rongling Wu
Summary: Testing for deviations from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium provides information about genetic variation and evolutionary processes in natural populations. Polyploids approach HWE gradually, with tetraploids showing an asymptotic trajectory from any initial genotype frequencies. Statistical frameworks have been formulated to test and estimate deviations from HWE in tetraploids, filling important gaps in population genetic studies related to their evolution and ecology.
TRENDS IN GENETICS
(2021)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Zhong Xu, Shuqi Mei, Jiawei Zhou, Yu Zhang, Mu Qiao, Hua Sun, Zipeng Li, Lianghua Li, Binke Dong, Favour Oluwapelumi Oyelami, Junjing Wu, Xianwen Peng
Summary: The study assessed genetic diversity, runs of homozygosity (ROH) and ROH islands in a Chinese composite pig, identifying genes associated with fat deposition and muscular development in ROH islands. The findings shed light on the effects of environmental and artificial selection on genome structure of composite pigs, providing a basis for genomic selection (GS) and hybrid utilization of other pig breeds.
FRONTIERS IN GENETICS
(2021)
Article
Biology
Josselin Clo, Filip Kolar
Summary: Through a meta-analysis within angiosperm species, it was found that the effects of polyploidy on inbreeding depression are complex and depend on the time since polyploidization. Young polyploid lineages have less inbreeding depression, while natural polyploid lineages are intermediate and have more inbreeding depression compared to synthetic neopolyploids.
Article
Plant Sciences
Austin M. M. Lynn, Lauren L. L. Sullivan, Candace Galen
Summary: The mentor effect, where compatible heterospecific pollen transfer induces self-pollen germination in self-incompatible plants, has been found to be rare in natural populations of Taraxacum ceratophorum due to the prevalence of inbreeding depression, outcrossing, and ovule usurpation by heterospecific pollen.
Article
Plant Sciences
Subodh Adhikari, Samuel R. Revolinski, Sanford D. Eigenbrode, Ian C. Burke
Summary: The study investigated the genetic diversity and population structures of Mayweed chamomile from different invaded regions, identifying low but significant genetic variations among regions, populations, and individuals. Despite weak genetic structure, two main genetic clusters were identified, indicating potential gene flow among populations from different regions in the Pacific Northwest, USA.
Article
Biology
Satoki Sakai
Summary: This study examines the effects of differential timing of the expression of deleterious mutations on the maintenance of mutations using a two-locus two-allele model. The results suggest that mutations occurring in both loci coupled with overproduction of ovules enhance the maintenance of mutations in populations with high selfing rates.Selective interference was not found to explain the results, indicating a complex interplay of factors in mutation maintenance.
JOURNAL OF THEORETICAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Edson Sandoval-Castellanos, Juan Nunez-Farfan
Summary: Understanding the strategies used by plants against insect herbivores can help reduce agricultural losses. Plants typically use either resistance or tolerance, but some populations exhibit a mixed defense strategy. This study used agent-based model simulations to analyze the factors that promote the evolutionary stability of mixed defense strategies, including non-linearity and mating system. The results suggest that a multiplicative allocation of costs and benefits, a concave non-linearity, non-heritable selfing, and high tolerance costs contribute to the stability of mixed defense strategies. The study also identified new mechanisms influenced by the mating system that can be explored in empirical studies.
Article
Plant Sciences
Tial C. Ling, Lin-Lin Wang, Yong-Ping Yang, Yuan-Wen Duan
Summary: Floral traits and the number of visitors are influenced by different mating systems. In this study, we found that plants with exserted styles have larger and more accessible flowers, higher pollen and nectar rewards, and higher visitation and outcrossing rates. Plants with inserted styles provide stronger reproductive assurance through autonomous self-pollination. Interestingly, populations with exserted style bias have higher visitation rates compared to populations with inserted style bias. Overall, this subalpine plant maintains a stable mixed mating system, with inserted style plants providing reproductive assurance through selfing and exserted style plants ensuring outcrossing through pollinator services.
JOURNAL OF PLANT ECOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Jingqi Guan
Summary: Single-atom catalysts (SACs) are emerging as a novel frontier research field in electrocatalysis due to their outstanding catalytic performance and enrichment of our understanding of reaction mechanisms. The catalytic performances of SACs are significantly influenced by the electronic and geometric structures of isolated metal sites. This review focuses on the effect of coordinated surroundings of isolated metal sites on electrochemical performances, providing methods to reveal the detailed electron structure and coordinated environment of isolated metal sites while documenting important electrochemical applications and structure-function relationships. Additionally, technical challenges and prospects for the progress of high-performance SACs are suggested.
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
(2021)