Article
Oncology
Benjamin Hunter, Cathryn Crockett, Corrinne Faivre-Finn, Crispin Hiley, Ahmed Salem
Summary: Locoregional recurrence occurs in 10%-30% of NSCLC patients after (chemo)radiotherapy, and re-irradiation is the main curative treatment option. However, there is variability in re-irradiation practices worldwide, with lack of consensus on critical organ dose constraints. The role of re-irradiation in NSCLC is also not clearly defined in the era of immuno-therapy.
SEMINARS IN RADIATION ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Leah M. Katz, Victor Ng, S. Peter Wu, Sherry Yan, David Grew, Samuel Shin, Nicholas W. Colangelo, Allison McCarthy, Harvey I. Pass, Abraham Chachoua, Peter B. Schiff
Summary: This study retrospectively analyzed the efficacy and safety of lung stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) in 60 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. The results showed that SBRT achieved similar survival rates and progression-free survival rates in patients with early stage, locally recurrent, and oligoprogressive disease.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Tanguy Perennec, Loig Vaugier, Alain Toledano, Nathaniel Scher, Astrid Thomin, Yoann Pointreau, Guillaume Janoray, Renaud De Crevoisier, Stephane Supiot
Summary: Stereotactic body radiation therapy is a valuable option for treating local recurrence in the prostate bed after prostatectomy and radiation therapy, but long-term toxicity may be a significant limitation. Salvage re-irradiation for recurrent prostate cancer in the prostate bed may generate significant toxicity rates, and a prospective study with appropriate patient selection is needed to evaluate its effectiveness.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Annaig Bertho, Morgane Dos Santos, Sarah Braga-Cohen, Valerie Buard, Vincent Paget, Olivier Guipaud, Georges Tarlet, Fabien Milliat, Agnes Francois
Summary: By utilizing three-fraction schedules delivered over a period of 1 week with doses per fraction of 20, 28, 40, and 50 Gy, only 3 x 40 Gy or 3 x 50 Gy generated focal lung fibrosis after 6 months. The study suggests that a fractionation schedule using an arc-therapy-delivered three fractions/1 week regimen with 3 x 3 mm beam requires 40 Gy per fraction for lung fibrosis to develop within 6 months.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Ron Lewin, Uri Amit, Menachem Laufer, Raanan Berger, Zohar Dotan, Liran Domachevsky, Tima Davidson, Orith Portnoy, Lev Tsvang, Maoz Ben-Ayun, Ilana Weiss, Zvi Symon
Summary: Advances in imaging, biomaterials, and precision radiotherapy offer new opportunities for salvaging locally recurrent prostate cancer. This study evaluated the efficacy and safety of re-irradiation using SBRT, finding that early delivery of salvage SBRT is associated with excellent disease control and acceptable toxicity in castrate-sensitive patients.
RADIATION ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Sumit Sood, Rohit Ganju, Xinglei Shen, Mindi Ten Napel, Fen Wang
Summary: Locoregional recurrence after initial radiotherapy in patients with lung cancer poses a challenge for further treatment. Retreatment with a meaningful dose of radiotherapy may improve treatment outcomes, but carries an increased risk of normal structure toxicity. This study reports outcomes of patients with recurrent non-small-cell lung cancer tumors treated with higher doses of re-irradiation, showing that ablative doses of hypofractionated stereotactic body radiotherapy could be a feasible option for challenging cases.
CLINICAL LUNG CANCER
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Alexandre Taillez, Andre-Michel Bimbai, Thomas Lacornerie, Marie-Cecile Le Deley, Eric F. F. Lartigau, David Pasquier
Summary: This study focused on intrafractional prostate motions during re-irradiation with SBRT, and found that the motions persisted but were significantly reduced compared to the first irradiation. Understanding these motions is important for estimating random errors during SBRT treatment of intra-prostatic recurrence after irradiation.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Silvana Parisi, Gianluca Ferini, Sara Lillo, Anna Brogna, Federico Chillari, Giacomo Ferrantelli, Nicola Settineri, Anna Santacaterina, Angelo Platania, Salvatore Leotta, Giuseppe Casablanca, Alessandro Russo, Antonio Pontoriero, Vincenzo Adamo, Fabio Minutoli, Antonio Bottari, Alberto Cacciola, Stefano Pergolizzi
Summary: This study evaluated the role of SBRT in patients with clinical stage III NSCLC. The results showed that SBRT delivered after external-beam fractionated irradiation could effectively control the tumor and improve disease-free survival and overall survival rates.
Article
Oncology
Yongmei Liu, Weili Wang, Kevin Shiue, Huan Yao, Alberto Cerra-Franco, Ronald H. Shapiro, Ke Colin Huang, Douglas Vile, Mark Langer, Gordon Watson, Greg Bartlett, Huisi Ai, Francis Sheski, Jian-Yue Jin, Rich Zellars, Pingfu Fu, Tim Lautenschlaeger, Feng-Ming (Spring) Kong
Summary: This study investigated risk factors for radiation pneumonitis (RP) in NSCLC patients undergoing SBRT, finding that factors such as respiratory comorbidity history, previous thoracic radiation, and right lung location were significantly associated with RP2. A model combining clinical and dosimetric factors showed high predictive accuracy, suggesting that limiting mean lung dose can reduce lung toxicity risk.
RADIOTHERAPY AND ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Tae Hoon Lee, Dong-Yun Kim, Hong-Gyun Wu, Joo Ho Lee, Hak Jae Kim
Summary: This study compared the efficacy and safety of re-irradiation (re-RT) using stereotactic ablative radiotherapy (SABR) with initial SABR for primary, recurrent lung cancer or metastatic lung tumor. The local control rate was lower in the re-RT group compared to initial SABR, but there was no compromise in survival rates. The toxicity of re-RT using SABR was found to be acceptable.
RADIATION ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Francesco Cuccia, Michele Rigo, Vanessa Figlia, Niccolo Giaj-Levra, Rosario Mazzola, Luca Nicosia, Francesco Ricchetti, Giovanna Trapani, Antonio De Simone, Davide Gurrera, Stefania Naccarato, Gianluisa Sicignano, Ruggero Ruggieri, Filippo Alongi
Summary: This study reports the preliminary data of using 1.5T MR-Linacs for prostate or prostate bed re-irradiation. The study found that this treatment option has minimal toxicity and encouraging clinical outcomes.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Yusef A. Syed, William Stokes, Manali Rupji, Yuan Liu, Onkar Khullar, Nikhil Sebastian, Kristin Higgins, Jeffrey D. Bradley, Walter J. Curran, Suresh Ramalingam, James Taylor, Manu Sancheti, Felix Fernandez, Drew Moghanaki
Summary: Facilities with higher use of SBRT for surgery in patients with early stage NSCLC showed lower rates of postoperative mortality. These findings suggest that the availability and use of SBRT may improve the selection of patients predicted to be at high risk of postoperative mortality.
Article
Oncology
Rita Bentahila, Remy Kinj, Constance Huck, Yasmine El Houat, Ange Mampuya, Constantin Tuleasca, Mahmut Ozsahin, Jean Bourhis, Luis Schiappacasse
Summary: Management of recurrent vertebral metastasis in a previously irradiated spinal cord is difficult. We report a case of a patient who received a second retreatment for a spinal metastasis initially treated with radiotherapy and SBRT, and achieved complete response after a third course of SBRT. The patient remains free of local recurrence after 8 months of follow-up.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Finbar Slevin, Katharine Aitken, Filippo Alongi, Stefano Arcangeli, Eliot Chadwick, Ah Ram Chang, Patrick Cheung, Christopher Crane, Matthias Guckenberger, Barbara Alicja Jereczek-Fossa, Sophia C. Kamran, Remy Kinj, Mauro Loi, Anand Mahadevan, Mariangela Massaccesi, Lucas C. Mendez, Rebecca Muirhead, David Pasquier, Antonio Pontoriero, Daniel E. Spratt, Yat Man Tsang, Michael J. Zelefsky, John Lilley, Peter Dickinson, Maria A. Hawkins, Ann M. Henry, Louise J. Murray
Summary: This study utilized the Delphi method to develop guidance statements for pelvic SABR re-irradiation. Consensus was achieved in areas such as patient selection, treatment planning, and OAR constraints, but there were still some disputes regarding certain aspects.
RADIOTHERAPY AND ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Janna Berg, Christina Ramberg, Jon Olav Sulheim Haugstvedt, May-Bente Bengtson, Anne-Marie Gabrielsen, Odd Terje Brustugun, Ann Rita Halvorsen, Aslaug Helland
Summary: This study investigated changes in pulmonary function, symptoms, and radiological signs of pneumonitis in patients receiving stereotactic body radiation therapy for early-stage non-small cell lung cancer. Symptomatic radiation pneumonitis occurred in 18% of patients, while asymptomatic pneumonitis was observed in 39% based on radiology. Early decreases in FEV1 and DLCO may indicate the development of symptomatic radiation pneumonitis, which could be predicted by doses to critical lung volumes.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Chiara Dalle Fratte, Sara Gagno, Rossana Roncato, Jerry Polesel, Martina Zanchetta, Mauro Buzzo, Bianca Posocco, Elena De Mattia, Rachele Borsatti, Fabio Puglisi, Luisa Foltran, Michela Guardascione, Angela Buonadonna, Erika Cecchin, Giuseppe Toffoli
Summary: This study investigated the association between gene activity score and imatinib exposure in GIST patients. The results showed that CYP2D6 plays a major role in imatinib pharmacokinetics, but other factors such as CYP2C8 may also influence the drug's exposure. These findings could help identify patients who are more susceptible to imatinib under- or overexposure for personalized treatment and monitoring strategies.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Letter
Oncology
Elisa De Carlo, Elisa Bertoli, Emanuela Chimienti, Alessandro Del Conte, Alessandra Bearz
JOURNAL OF THORACIC ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Chiara Dalle Fratte, Jerry Polesel, Sara Gagno, Bianca Posocco, Elena De Mattia, Rossana Roncato, Marco Orleni, Fabio Puglisi, Michela Guardascione, Angela Buonadonna, Giuseppe Toffoli, Erika Cecchin
Summary: This study investigated the association between genetic polymorphisms in ABCB1 and ABCG2 and imatinib plasma trough concentration in GIST and CML patients. The results showed a borderline association between the ABCG2 c.421C>A genotype and imatinib plasma trough levels, which was further confirmed in a meta-analysis. However, no significant association was found between ABCB1 polymorphisms and imatinib C-trough.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Letter
Oncology
Riccardo Bomben, Francesca Maria Rossi, Filippo Vit, Tamara Bittolo, Antonella Zucchetto, Robel Papotti, Erika Tissino, Federico Pozzo, Massimo Degan, Jerry Polesel, Pietro Bulian, Roberto Marasca, Gianluigi Reda, Luca Laurenti, Jacopo Olivieri, Annalisa Chiarenza, Roberta Laureana, Massimiliano Postorino, Maria Ilaria Del Principe, Antonio Cuneo, Massimo Gentile, Fortunato Morabito, Gilberto Fronza, Agostino Tafuri, Francesco Zaja, Robin Foa, Francesco Di Raimondo, Giovanni Del Poeta, Valter Gattei
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Alessandra Vendrame, Cristina Cappelletto, Paola Chiovati, Lorenzo Vinante, Masud Parvej, Angela Caroli, Giovanni Pirrone, Loredana Barresi, Annalisa Drigo, Michele Avanzo
Summary: Deep Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory (BLSTM) recurrent neural networks were used to predict eligibility for deep inspiration breath-hold (DIBH) radiotherapy treatment in patients with left breast cancer based on analysis of respiratory signals. The BLSTM-RNN accurately classified patients eligible for DIBH, achieving high accuracy, specificity, sensitivity, F1 score, and AUC in the test dataset. This provides promising results for the development of an accurate and robust decision system to assist the radiotherapy team in assigning patients to DIBH.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Elena Muraro, Lorenzo Vinante, Elisabetta Fratta, Alessandra Bearz, Daniela Hoefler, Agostino Steffan, Lorena Baboci
Summary: Metronomic chemotherapy is an alternative approach for cancer treatment, which involves continuous administration of low-dose drugs to overcome drug resistance and toxic side effects. It can control tumor growth by inhibiting angiogenesis, suppressing tumor cell growth, and enhancing immune response. Combining metronomic chemotherapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors has shown synergistic therapeutic effects in preclinical and clinical studies. However, optimal drug combinations, sequence, and concentration-time factors still need to be evaluated in representative preclinical models.
Review
Oncology
Elena De Mattia, Jerry Polesel, Silvia Mezzalira, Elisa Palazzari, Sara Pollesel, Giuseppe Toffoli, Erika Cecchin
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the clinical value of RAS, TP53, BRAF, PIK3CA, and SMAD4 mutations and microsatellite instability (MSI) status as markers for pathological complete response (pCR) in locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) patients who received preoperative radiation-based therapy. The study found that KRAS mutations were significantly associated with the risk of not achieving pCR after preoperative treatment, especially in patients who did not receive cetuximab. No other markers were associated with pCR. Implementing KRAS mutation testing in clinical practice could improve the management of LARC patients.
Article
Oncology
Paolo Boscolo-Rizzo, Jerry Polesel, Annarosa Del Mistro, Elisabetta Fratta, Chiara Lazzarin, Anna Menegaldo, Valentina Lupato, Giuseppe Fanetti, Fabrizio Zanconati, Maria Guido, Vittorio Giacomarra, Enzo Emanuelli, Margherita Tofanelli, Giancarlo Tirelli
Summary: This study found that the prevalence of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas (OPSCCs) driven by HPV infection is increasing in Northeastern Italy. The study also suggests that the prevalence of HPV infection impacts the positive predictive value of p16(INK4a) overexpression. Therefore, each institution should consider the subsite-specific prevalence rates of HPV-driven OPSCC when using p16(INK4a) overexpression as a surrogate marker for transforming HPV infection.
Article
Otorhinolaryngology
Giancarlo Tirelli, Alberto Vito Marcuzzo, Nicoletta Gardenal, Margherita Tofanelli, Ferruccio Degrassi, Maria Assunta Cova, Erika Sacchet, Fabiola Giudici, Jerry Polesel, Paolo Boscolo-Rizzo
Summary: This study found that the involvement of the superior pharyngeal constrictor muscle (SPCM) assessed by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has a significant impact on the outcome of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas (OPSCCs). Patients with SPCM infiltration are at a significantly higher risk of death and disease progression, especially when combined with HPV-negative OPSCC. These findings suggest that MRI assessment of SPCM infiltration and HPV status can significantly improve risk stratification in OPSCC.
HEAD AND NECK-JOURNAL FOR THE SCIENCES AND SPECIALTIES OF THE HEAD AND NECK
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Brigida Stanzione, Alessandro Del Conte, Elisa Bertoli, Elisa De Carlo, Alberto Revelant, Michele Spina, Alessandra Bearz
Summary: ROS1 rearrangements occur in a small percentage of NSCLC patients and can be effectively treated with TKI inhibitors. Crizotinib and entrectinib are two approved TKIs for ROS1-positive NSCLC, with entrectinib showing better activity on the CNS. However, resistance mechanisms can develop over time, leading to tumor progression. Newer generation TKIs with greater potency and brain penetration are currently being investigated.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Elisa Bertoli, Elisa De Carlo, Debora Basile, Diego Zara, Brigida Stanzione, Monica Schiappacassi, Alessandro Del Conte, Michele Spina, Alessandra Bearz
Summary: Tissue biopsy is crucial for the diagnosis and treatment of NSCLC. However, liquid biopsy, which isolates tumor-derived entities from blood, has become a powerful non-invasive alternative with several advantages, such as providing a better understanding of tumor heterogeneity and genetic alterations. Our comprehensive review highlights the established and emerging applications of liquid biopsy in NSCLC, including screening, minimal residual disease detection, and monitoring treatment response and emerging resistance in metastatic NSCLC.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Marco Lupattelli, Elisa Palazzari, Jerry Polesel, Giuditta Chiloiro, Ilaria Angelicone, Valeria Panni, Luciana Caravatta, Saide Di Biase, Gabriella Macchia, Rita Marina Niespolo, Pierfrancesco Franco, Valeria Epifani, Elisa Meldolesi, Flavia de Giacomo, Marco Lucarelli, Giampaolo Montesi, Giovanna Mantello, Roberto Innocente, Mattia Falchetto Osti, Maria Antonietta Gambacorta, Cynthia Aristei, Antonino De Paoli
Summary: This study analyzed the long-term outcomes of preoperative chemoradiation (CRT) for rectal cancer using intensity-modulated RT and simultaneous integrated boost (IMRT-SIB) with capecitabine. The treatment was shown to be safe and well tolerated, with organ preservation being feasible in selected patients. The long-term survival rates were favorable, highlighting the efficacy of this intensified treatment program. The incorporation of IMRT-SIB with a more effective systemic therapy component in high-risk patients may be an area of interest for further investigation.
Article
Cell Biology
Naike Casagrande, Cinzia Borghese, Michele Avanzo, Donatella Aldinucci
Summary: This study identifies common modulated antigens in HRSdx cells, associated cross-resistance patterns, and new potential therapeutic options to enhance doxorubicin activity and overcome resistance.