Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Mallika Marar, Qi Long, Ronac Mamtani, Vivek Narayan, Neha Vapiwala, Ravi B. Parikh
Summary: This study investigated the differences in outcomes between African American and non-Hispanic White men with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) who received first-line abiraterone therapy. The results showed that African American men had a higher overall survival when receiving first-line abiraterone compared to non-Hispanic White men. However, there was a difference in outcomes between the two groups for first-line enzalutamide treatment.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Nader Al-Nakouzi, Chris Kedong Wang, Htoo Zarni Oo, Irina Nelepcu, Nada Lallous, Charlotte B. Spliid, Nastaran Khazamipour, Joey Lo, Sarah Truong, Colin Collins, Desmond Hui, Shaghayegh Esfandnia, Hans Adomat, Thomas Mandel Clausen, Tobias Gustavsson, Swati Choudhary, Robert Dagil, Eva Corey, Yuzhuo Wang, Anne Chauchereau, Ladan Fazli, Jeffrey D. Esko, Ali Salanti, Peter S. Nelson, Martin E. Gleave, Mads Daugaard
Summary: Inhibition of the androgen receptor pathway leads to the upregulation of chondroitin sulfate (CS), which promotes the growth and metastasis of prostate cancer.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hyunho Han, Cheol Keun Park, Young-Deuk Choi, Nam Hoon Cho, Jongsoo Lee, Kang Su Cho
Summary: Prostate cancer is a common cancer in men, and some patients develop resistance to androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT), resulting in castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). This study found that statins can selectively inhibit the growth of CRPC tumors that have lost their androgen receptor (AR) and overexpressed the RNA-binding protein QKI. The research also revealed a potential mechanism behind the efficacy of statins and suggested a biology-driven drug-repurposing clinical trial to improve treatment options for this aggressive form of prostate cancer.
Article
Oncology
Fatima Karzai, Stephanie M. Walker, Scott Wilkinson, Ravi A. Madan, Joanna H. Shih, Maria J. Merino, Stephanie A. Harmon, David J. VanderWeele, Lisa M. Cordes, Nicole Carrabba, John R. Bright, Nicolas T. Terrigino, Guinevere Chun, Marijo Bilusic, Anna Couvillon, Amy Hankin, Monique N. Williams, Rosina T. Lis, Huihui Ye, Peter L. Choyke, James L. Gulley, Adam G. Sowalsky, Baris Turkbey, Peter A. Pinto, William L. Dahut
Summary: For patients with localized intermediate- or high-risk prostate cancer, baseline mpMRI can help predict pathologic response, with low relative tumor burden at initial scan being most predictive of minimal residual disease or pathologic complete response. Tailoring patient selection based on these metrics may lead to improved outcomes in high-risk disease.
CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ulrich Sommer, Tiziana Siciliano, Celina Ebersbach, Alicia-Marie K. Beier, Matthias B. Stope, Korinna Joehrens, Gustavo B. Baretton, Angelika Borkowetz, Christian Thomas, Holger H. H. Erb
Summary: PSMA protein plays an important role in the diagnosis and treatment of prostate cancer, and the activation and inhibition of androgen receptor (AR) can affect PSMA protein levels. This study found that AR activation and inhibition affect PSMA protein levels through a possible non-canonical mechanism, and low PSMA expression rates may be necessary to increase PSMA protein through androgen deprivation.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Gerhardt Attard, Laura Murphy, Noel W. Clarke, William Cross, Robert J. Jones, Christopher C. Parker, Silke Gillessen, Adrian Cook, Chris Brawley, Claire L. Amos, Nafisah Atako, Cheryl Pugh, Michelle Buckner, Simon Chowdhury, Zafar Malik, J. Martin Russell, Clare Gilson, Hannah Rush, Jo Bowen, Anna Lydon, Ian Pedley, Joe M. O'Sullivan, Alison Birtle, Joanna Gale, Narayanan Srihari, Carys Thomas, Jacob Tanguay, John Wagstaff, Prantik Das, Emma Gray, Mymoona Alzoueb, Omi Parikh, Angus Robinson, Isabel Syndikus, James Wylie, Anjali Zarkar, George Thalmann, Johann S. de Bono, David P. Dearnaley, Malcolm D. Mason, Duncan Gilbert, Ruth E. Langley, Robin Millman, David Matheson, Matthew R. Sydes, Louise C. Brown, Mahesh K. B. Parmar, Nicholas D. James
Summary: The combination therapy of abiraterone acetate with prednisolone showed significantly higher rates of metastasis-free survival compared with ADT alone in men with high-risk non-metastatic prostate cancer. This combination therapy may be considered a new standard treatment for this patient population.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Shabbir M. H. Alibhai, Henriette Breunis, Gregory Feng, Narhari Timilshina, Aaron Hansen, Padraig Warde, Richard Gregg, Anthony Joshua, Neil Fleshner, George Tomlinson, Urban Emmenegger
Summary: This study longitudinally examined cognitive function in older men with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer undergoing treatment with docetaxel, abiraterone, enzalutamide, and radium Ra 223. The findings suggest that most older men do not experience significant cognitive decline in attention, executive function, and global cognition regardless of the treatment used.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tae Jin Kim, Young Hwa Lee, Kyo Chul Koo
Summary: The androgen receptor (AR) plays a crucial role in the development and progression of prostate cancer (PCa), and treatment for hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (HSPC) relies heavily on androgen deprivation therapy (ADT). Despite most patients progressing to castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), studies suggest that manipulating alternative molecular pathways can help improve current treatments and develop novel therapies for CRPC management.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
David Ka-Wai Leung, Peter Ka-Fung Chiu, Chi-Fai Ng, Jeremy Yuen-Chun Teoh
Summary: The management of castration-resistant prostate cancer has seen significant progress, with three novel hormonal agents showing survival benefits in non-metastatic patients and a wider range of management options being investigated for metastatic disease.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sooraj Kakkat, Paramahansa Pramanik, Seema Singh, Ajay Pratap Singh, Chandrani Sarkar, Debanjan Chakroborty
Summary: Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and complications are commonly observed in patients with prostate cancer (PCa) and can impact their clinical management. Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT), the main treatment for PCa, has been shown to increase cardiovascular risks and metabolic syndromes. There is emerging evidence of a molecular link between PCa and CVDs, but it remains to be fully understood. This article explores the connection between PCa and CVDs, utilizing a comprehensive gene expression study and biological pathway analysis.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Sheng-Feng Lin, Hsiu-Chen Lin, Mei-Yu Lee, Joseph Jordan Keller, Li-Hsuan Wang
Summary: This study found a decreased risk of atopic diseases in patients with prostate cancer treated with GnRH analogues. Further studies are warranted to verify the association between testosterone levels and atopic diseases.
Article
Oncology
Min Wang, Xiuheng Liu, Zhiyuan Chen, Lu Zhang, Xiaodong Weng
Summary: Downregulation of LSD1 impairs the proliferation and invasiveness of PCa cells, enhances ADT-induced apoptosis, and effectively enhances the efficacy of ADT for hormone-sensitive PCa, making it a promising adjunctive therapy for this disease.
Review
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yash B. Shah, Amy L. Shaver, William Kevin Kelly, Grace Lu-Yao
Summary: Abiraterone acetate and enzalutamide are commonly used in prostate cancer therapy, but their toxicities and interactions with patient comorbidities are unclear. Analyzing the differential patient outcomes between these two drugs can provide information for future research and clinical decision-making.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ivan Henriquez, Mack I. I. I. I. I. I. Roach, Todd M. Morgan, Alberto Bossi, Junior A. Gomez, Oscar Abuchaibe, Felipe Counago
Summary: mCRPC is a complex disease with a wide range of molecular tumor behavior and high risk of progression, making early detection and treatment crucial. Treatment options have improved significantly in recent years, but clinicians find it challenging to keep up with the rapidly changing therapeutic landscape.
Editorial Material
Oncology
Maree Pechlivanis, Bethany K. Campbell, Christopher M. Hovens, Niall M. Corcoran
Summary: Prostate cancer is a major cause of cancer deaths in men. High-risk prostate cancer patients often receive neoadjuvant androgen deprivation therapy, but this treatment may lead to resistance. The mechanisms behind this resistance are still poorly understood and further research is needed to address this issue.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tonje Bjornetro, Lilly Alice Steffensen, Beate Vestad, Berit Sletbakk Brusletto, Ole Kristoffer Olstad, Anne-Marie Troseid, Hans Christian Dalsbotten Aass, Kari Bente Foss Haug, Alicia Llorente, Stig Ove Boe, Anna Lang, Rampradeep Samiappan, Kathrine Roe Redalen, Reidun Ovstebo, Anne Hansen Ree
Summary: The study found that extracellular vesicles released by tumor cells can modulate the function of immune cells, providing important insights into the underlying biology of cancer invasion and metastasis. Vesicles isolated from tumor cell lines and patient plasma exhibit different functions, with particularly intriguing transcriptional changes observed in monocytes receiving EVs from patients with metastatic cancer.
Article
Oncology
Hanna Abrahamsson, Sebastian Meltzer, Vidar Nylokken Hagen, Christin Johansen, Paula A. Bousquet, Kathrine Roe Redalen, Anne Hansen Ree
Summary: In this study, it was found that low vitamin D levels are associated with prognosis in rectal cancer patients, with an impact on disease severity and survival rates.
Article
Oncology
Sebastian Meltzer, Annette Torgunrud, Hanna Abrahamsson, Arne Mide Solbakken, Kjersti Flatmark, Svein Dueland, Kine Mari Bakke, Paula Anna Bousquet, Anne Negard, Christin Johansen, Lars Gustav Lyckander, Finn Ole Larsen, Jakob Vasehus Schou, Kathrine Roe Redalen, Anne Hansen Ree
Summary: The soluble form of the costimulatory immune checkpoint receptor cluster of differentiation molecule 40 (sCD40) was identified as a marker of liver metastasis risk in rectal cancer patients. Higher levels of sCD40 were associated with shorter time to liver metastasis, independent of lung metastasis progression. This marker may have potential for clinical use.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2021)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Siri Lagethon Heck, Albulena Mecinaj, Anne Hansen Ree, Pavel Hoffmann, Jeanette Schulz-Menger, Morten Wang Fagerland, Berit Gravdehaug, Helge Rosjo, Kjetil Steine, Juergen Geisler, Geeta Gulati, Torbjorn Omland
Summary: In this study, treatment with candesartan and metoprolol in combination did not completely prevent the decline in LVEF in early breast cancer patients, but candesartan was associated with a significant reduction in left ventricular end-diastolic volume and preserved global longitudinal strain. These results suggest that a broadly administered cardioprotective approach may not be necessary for most early breast cancer patients without preexisting cardiovascular disease.
Article
Oncology
Vegar Johansen Dagenborg, Serena Elizabeth Marshall, Krzysztof Grzyb, Asmund Avdem Fretland, Marius Lund-Iversen, Gunhild Mari Maelandsmo, Anne Hansen Ree, Bjorn Edwin, Sheraz Yaqub, Kjersti Flatmark
Summary: The study found a significant accumulation of T-cells in the IM regions of both pCRC and CLM, with lower densities in the IT regions. The correlation between T-cell densities in pCRC and matched CLM was poor for all regions and subtypes. The ratios of TH : CTL and Treg : TH were different between pCRC and CLM, indicating a potential immune suppressive microenvironment in both types of tumors.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Franziska Knuth, Ingvild Askim Adde, Bao Ngoc Huynh, Aurora Rosvoll Groendahl, Rene Mario Winter, Anne Negard, Stein Harald Holmedal, Sebastian Meltzer, Anne Hansen Ree, Kjersti Flatmark, Svein Dueland, Knut Hakon Hole, Therese Seierstad, Kathrine Roe Redalen, Cecilia Marie Futsaether
Summary: The study explored automatic segmentation of rectal cancer using DL with T2w MRI and DWI, showing that T2w MR model performed well on the test set, and DWI did not lead to further improvement. Application of DL models on unseen cohorts may not yield the same performance.
Article
Oncology
P. A. Bousquet, S. Meltzer, A. J. Fuglestad, T. Luders, Y. Esbensen, H. Juul, C. Johansen, L. G. Lyckander, T. Bjornetro, E. M. Inderberg, C. Kersten, K. R. Redalen, A. H. Ree
Summary: This study found that mtDNA polymorphisms in peripheral blood reflect the immune system's ability to control metastasis in colorectal cancer patients. Abundant mtDNA variants in blood were associated with specific T-cell subpopulations in circulation, and antagonising inflammation may impact disease progression.
CLINICAL & TRANSLATIONAL ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Hematology
Trine-Lise Larsen, Herish Garresori, Jorunn Brekke, Tone Enden, Hege Froen, Eva Marie Jacobsen, Petter Quist-Paulsen, Alina Carmen Porojnicu, Anne Hansen Ree, Dag Torfoss, Elin Osvik Velle, Hilde Skuterud Wik, Waleed Ghanima, Per Morten Sandset, Anders Erik Astrup Dahm
Summary: For cancer patients, reducing the dosage of apixaban to 2.5 mg twice daily after 6 months of full-dose treatment seems to be safe, and the incidence rate of recurrent VTE and major bleeding remains low thereafter.
JOURNAL OF THROMBOSIS AND HAEMOSTASIS
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Unn Beate Salberg, Vilde Eide Skingen, Christina Saeten Fjeldbo, Tord Hompland, Harald Bull Ragnum, Ljiljana Vlatkovic, Knut Hakon Hole, Therese Seierstad, Heidi Lyng
Summary: A 32-gene signature in the index lesion of prostate cancer correlates with hypoxia fraction, shows prognostic significance, and is not affected by intra-tumor heterogeneity.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Marion M. Malenge, Astri Fjelde Maaland, Ada Repetto-Llamazares, Brian Middleton, Marcel Nijland, Lydia Visser, Sebastian Patzke, Helen Heyerdahl, Arne Kolstad, Trond Stokke, Anne Hansen Ree, Jostein Dahle
Summary: The combination of olaparib and Lu-177-NNV003 showed synergistic cytotoxic effects in the majority of tested lymphoma cell lines, with some exhibiting both synergistic and antagonistic effects depending on concentration ratios. Treatment with the combination resulted in significant overexpression of genes in the TP53 signaling pathway. However, cluster analysis did not identify gene clusters correlating with cell sensitivity to single or combination treatments.
Editorial Material
Oncology
Heidi Lyng, Kjersti Skipar, Tord Hompland
Summary: A phase II trial investigated the potential of using metformin to reduce hypoxia in cervical cancer. The study used imaging to select patients and test the biological hypothesis behind the drug effect, which is of importance for targeted treatment in the clinic.
CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Croi E. Buckley, Xiaofei Yin, Sebastian Meltzer, Anne Hansen Ree, Kathrine Roe Redalen, Lorraine Brennan, Jacintha O'Sullivan, Niamh Lynam-Lennon
Summary: Resistance to neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy in rectal cancer is a challenge, and there is a need to identify its underlying mechanisms and develop predictive biomarkers and novel treatment strategies. This study identified an in vitro model of radioresistant rectal cancer and found significant alterations in multiple molecular pathways, including cell cycle, DNA repair, and oxidative phosphorylation-related genes. Metabolomic profiling of pre-treatment serum samples from rectal cancer patients identified metabolites significantly associated with treatment response and overall survival. This study highlights metabolic reprogramming as a role in radioresistance of rectal cancer and suggests altered metabolites as potential circulating predictive markers.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Tonje Bjornetro, Paula A. A. Bousquet, Kathrine Roe Redalen, Anne-Marie Siebke Troseid, Torben Luders, Espen Stang, Adriana M. M. Sanabria, Christin Johansen, Anniken Jorlo Fuglestad, Christian Kersten, Sebastian Meltzer, Anne Hansen Ree
Summary: Recent studies have found that the entire mitochondrial genome can be secreted in extracellular vesicles (EVs), but the biological characteristics of this cell-free mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) are not well understood. In this study, the mtDNA derived from plasma EVs of colorectal cancer patients was compared to that of whole blood, peripheral blood mononuclear cells, and tumor tissue. The results showed that EV mtDNA had more variants and low-level heteroplasmy compared to whole blood mtDNA. The EV mtDNA variants were mainly located in the coding regions and had a higher proportion of missense mutations compared to whole blood and tumor tissue.
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Tengzhi Liu, Maria Aanesland Dahle, Mathilde Hirsum Lystad, Laure Marignol, Morten Karlsen, Kathrine Roe Redalen
Summary: This study investigated Cu-64(II)-elesclomol ([Cu-64][Cu(ES)]) as a novel therapeutic agent for hypoxic tumors. The therapeutic and diagnostic potential of [Cu-64][Cu(ES)] was compared to established Cu-64 radiopharmaceuticals [Cu-64]CuCl2 and [diacetyl-bis(N4-methylthiosemicarbazone) [Cu-64][Cu(ATSM)]. The results showed that [Cu-64][Cu(ES)] had better therapeutic effects and could detect tumor hypoxia using positron emission tomography (PET).
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE AND MOLECULAR IMAGING
(2023)