Article
Oncology
Phoebe Chidley, Mihir Shanker, Claire Phillips, Neda Haghighi, Mark B. Pinkham, James R. Whittle, Joseph Sia
Summary: During the COVID-19 pandemic, shorter hypofractionated radiation therapy (HF-RT) schedules may provide equivalent outcomes and reduce treatment burden compared to conventionally fractionated radiation therapy (CF-RT) in young, fit glioblastoma (GBM) patients.
JOURNAL OF NEURO-ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Dandan Wang, Yueju Yin, Qichao Zhou, Zirong Li, Xingmin Ma, Yong Yin, Baosheng Li, Tong Bai, Dapeng Li, Jian Zhu
Summary: This study aimed to identify dosimetric parameters associated with acute hematological toxicity in cervical cancer patients receiving radiation therapy and chemotherapy, and found an NTCP model associated with hematological toxicity. The results showed that the volume of pelvic bone marrow was closely related to hematological toxicity, with NTCP being a stronger predictor of toxicity.
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Till Tobias Bohlen, Jean-Francois Germond, Jean Bourhis, Marie-Catherine Vozenin, Claude Bailat, Francois Bochud, Raphael Moeckli
Summary: The formalism aims to establish the isodose line R relative to the prescription dose, below which irradiated normal tissue regions benefit from a hypofractionated schedule with an isoeffective dose to the tumor. By using a standard BED equation based on the LQ model, the formalism allows for the calculation of the BED of NT regions receiving varying doses per fraction, leading to the derivation of the break-even isodose line R. The results demonstrate the potential for differential sparing of NT when increasing hypofractionation and provide insights into changes in the therapeutic index for sets of isoeffective treatment schedules.
Article
Biology
Fernando Rojano, Luis A. Ibarra-Juarez, James Powell, Raquel Salazar, Andres Lira-Noriega
Summary: The study assessed the impact of temperature on different life stages of the X. affinis beetle population and developed demographic and phenological models. Utilizing a novel estimation strategy and competitive ovipositional models revealed significant effects of temperature on development and survival rates of the colony under laboratory conditions.
JOURNAL OF THERMAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Yan Lin, Ying Xu, Changjun Wang, Yu Song, Yali Xu, Xiaohui Zhang, Xin Huang, Qiang Sun
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the association between specific geriatric assessment (GA) domains and the survival rate of older patients with breast cancer. A total of 541 patients aged 65 years and above were analyzed, and the study found that functional impairment, severe comorbidities, and impaired psychological state were significantly associated with worse survival rates.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Bianca Toeroek, Roland Toeroek, David M. Dohan Ehrenfest, Doriana Agop-Forna, Cristina Dascalu, Norina Consuela Forna
Summary: The study found differences in plaque levels, keratinized mucosa width, probing depth, and clinical outcomes between implants placed using the S-GBR technique in posterior mandible sites and non-grafted sites. However, implants in the S-GBR group had lower success and survival rates. Implants placed in grafted sites showed higher marginal bone loss compared to those in non-grafted sites.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ning Lv, Qiao-Yan Yang, Chun-Chun Li, Ting-Wei Zhang, Shahbaz Ali, Chang-Zhong Liu, Islem Abid, Mohamed Ragab Abdelgawwad
Summary: This study examined the influence of different host plant species on the fitness of pea aphid and observed the biological and population parameters of pea aphid on 6 different host plants. The results showed that the development, longevity, survival rate, and reproductive parameters of pea aphid varied among different host plants. The findings provide insights into the population fitness of pea aphids on different hosts and can be used to guide aphid control strategies.
JOURNAL OF KING SAUD UNIVERSITY SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Andrei Cuceu, Andreu Font-Ribera, Seshadri Nadathur, Benjamin Joachimi, Paul Martini
Summary: We determine the product of the expansion rate and angular-diameter distance at redshift z = 2.3 from Lyman-alpha forest correlations measured by the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. Our result is the most precise from large-scale structure at z > 1. Using a cold dark matter model, we determine the matter density and the Hubble constant to be SZm = 0.36 ± 0.03 -0.04 and H0 = 63.2 ± 2.5 km/s/Mpc, respectively. Combining with other SDSS tracers, we find H0 = 67.2 ± 0.9 km/s/Mpc and measure the dark energy equation-of-state parameter to be w = -0.90 ± 0.12. Our Letter opens a new avenue for constraining cosmology at high redshift.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Sophia R. Flury, Anne E. Jaskot, Harry C. Ferguson, Gabor Worseck, Kirill Makan, John Chisholm, Alberto Saldana-Lopez, Daniel Schaerer, Stephan R. McCandliss, Xinfeng Xu, Bingjie Wang, M. S. Oey, N. M. Ford, Timothy Heckman, Zhiyuan Ji, Mauro Giavalisco, Ricardo Amorin, Hakim Atek, Jeremy Blaizot, Sanchayeeta Borthakur, Cody Carr, Marco Castellano, Stephane De Barros, Mark Dickinson, Steven L. Finkelstein, Brian Fleming, Fabio Fontanot, Thibault Garel, Andrea Grazian, Matthew Hayes, Alaina Henry, Valentin Mauerhofer, Genoveva Micheva, Goran Ostlin, Casey Papovich, Laura Pentericci, Swara Ravindranath, Joakim Rosdahl, Michael Rutkowski, Paola Santini, Claudia Scarlata, Harry Teplitz, Trinh Thuan, Maxime Trebitsch, Eros Vanzella, Anne Verhamme
Summary: This study presents the first statistical test of indirect diagnostics for identifying Lyman continuum emitters (LCEs). The results show that the escape of Lyman continuum strongly depends on H i column density, ionization parameter, and stellar feedback, and it is related to galaxy properties such as stellar mass and metallicity.
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Till Tobias Boehlen, Jean-Francois Germond, Jean Bourhis, Claude Bailat, Francois Bochud, Raphael Moeckli
Summary: In this study, we developed a formalism based on the LQ and LQ-L models to quantify the minimal NT sparing needed to compensate for the reduction in protection caused by hypofractionation. We predicted if a net NT sparing benefit is expected for hypofractionated UHDR treatments compared to normofractionated CONV treatments.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Matthieu Dubarry, David Howey, Billy Wu
Summary: Digital twins are cyber-physical systems that integrate real-time sensor data and models for accurate predictions and optimal decisions in specific assets. In the case of batteries, this concept has been applied at different scales. However, a comprehensive approach is needed for battery digital twins to achieve their full potential in industrial settings. Standardized and transparent data sharing, as well as principled methods to quantify and propagate uncertainty, are essential. Physical modeling and sensing approaches for battery manufacturing and thermal runaway also need improvement.
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Alexei Chvetsov, Leonid G. Hanin, Robert D. Stewart, Jing Zeng, Ramesh Rengan, Simon S. Lo
Summary: Clinical studies have shown a reduction in local tumor control with increasing initial tumor volume in hypofractionated stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT). The extent of hypoxia in the tumor is likely a primary reason for this reduction, and the LQ model can be an acceptable approximation for TCP calculations if the tumor response is primarily defined by the hypoxic fraction.
PHYSICS IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Tiancheng Zong, Junhong Li, Guoping Lu
Summary: This paper introduces an improved algorithm for parameter estimation of dual-rate Hammerstein-Volterra systems. The algorithm solves the problem of incomplete identification data caused by dual-rate sampling by applying the auxiliary model method, and optimizes the nonlinear identification problem in the parameter space using a combination of particle swarm optimization and gradient search principle. Simulation experiments demonstrate that the improved algorithm performs better in terms of accuracy and speed.
ENGINEERING APPLICATIONS OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Minglei Kang, Shouyi Wei, J. Isabelle Choi, Charles B. Simone, Haibo Lin
Summary: This study focuses on quantifying the dose rate of organs-at-risk and targets based on three proposed proton PBS dose rate metrics, showing significant impact of differences in dose rate metrics on the assessment of organ-at-risk dose rate, posing challenges to the clinical implementation of FLASH. Additional investigations are needed to explore the correlation between FLASH efficacy and the dose rate metrics in proton PBS therapy.
Article
Immunology
Stefan Heber, David Pereyra, Waltraud C. Schrottmaier, Kerstin Kammerer, Jonas Santol, Benedikt Rumpf, Erich Pawelka, Markus Hanna, Alexander Scholz, Markus Liu, Agnes Hell, Klara Heiplik, Benno Lickefett, Sebastian Havervall, Marianna T. Traugott, Matthias J. Neuboeck, Christian Schoergenhofer, Tamara Seitz, Christa Firbas, Mario Karolyi, Guenter Weiss, Bernd Jilma, Charlotte Thalin, Rosa Bellmann-Weiler, Helmut J. F. Salzer, Gero Szepannek, Michael J. M. Fischer, Alexander Zoufaly, Andreas Gleiss, Alice Assinger
Summary: This study developed and validated a prognostic model for predicting in-hospital mortality within four days based on age, fever at admission, and five haematological parameters measured during the first four days after admission in Covid-19 patients. The model showed high accuracy and can be easily implemented using routinely acquired variables in hospitals, providing decision support for early discharge of low-risk patients to alleviate the burden on the healthcare system.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)